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Topic: Telephone exchange

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Local exchange carrier

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	Area code and phone exchange lookup utility - The Phone Exchange
		The area code is the first 3 digits of a telephone number and indicates a geographical area.
		It directs telephone calls to particular regions on a telephone network where they are then routed by the local telephone network based upon the next 3 digits.
		Using The Phone Exchange you'll discover that it is 5:30 AM at area code 808, (and it would be wise not to call any numbers in that area for a few more hours).
	www.pcshareware.com /phonex.htm (445 words)

	TSCM Handbook - Chapter 4
		The telephone exchange normally has a central 48 volt DC battery which is constantly being trickle charged from the main electricity supply.
		In the standard telephone, the exchange line was switched right through in solid copper connections via hook switch etc., to the handset (in order to power the carbon granule microphone, among other things).
		With single AC operated electronic telephones, and automatic answering telephones, wiretaps are possible as for standard telephones, except that "transmitting microphones" may not be possible since the exchange battery voltage may not be extended to the handset in the off-hook condition.
	www.dbugman.com /handbook/tscmh4.html (2460 words)

	807 KAR 5:061. Telephone.
		Each telephone utility shall file with its tariff the various exchange areas, base rate areas where they exist, conditions and circumstances under which service will be furnished, and definition of the classes and grades of service available to customers, in accordance with 807 KAR 5:011.
		In each exchange, the telephone utility shall supply at least one (1) public coin-activated telephone that will be available on a twenty-four (24) hour basis.
		Telephone utilities shall furnish and maintain adequate plant equipment and facilities to provide satisfactory transmission of communications between customers in their service areas.
	www.lrc.state.ky.us /kar/807/005/061.htm (3773 words)

	Atlanta Telephone History
		In 1877, the first telephone line in Atlanta was a private line connecting the Western and Atlantic Freight Depot with Durand's Restaurant in the Union Passenger Station.
		Telephones connected to The Atlanta Telephonic Exchange were of the "magneto" type.
		It is not known what type of telephones and switchboards they used and whether or not customers were generally happy with the service or not.
	home.speedfactory.net /cardwell/part1.html (3543 words)

	Telephone exchange Information
		In the field of telecommunications, a telephone exchange or central office houses equipment that is commonly known as simply a switch, which is a piece of equipment that connects phone calls.
		The local exchange automatically senses an off hook (tip) telephone condition, provides dial tone to that phone, receives the pulses or DTMF tones generated by the phone, and then completes a connection to the called phone within the same exchange or to another distant exchange.
		Telephone switches are usually owned and operated by a telephone service provider or "carrier" and located in their premises, but sometimes individual businesses or private commercial buildings will house their own switch, called a PBX, or Private Branch Exchange.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Telephone_exchange (4750 words)

	telephone lines, and telephone facts
		At the telephone exchange the DC voltage and audio signal are separated by directing the audio signal through 2 uF capacitors and blocking the audio from the power supply with a 5-Henry choke in each telephone line.
		Some telephone exchanges will consider your telephone in use and feed dial tone down the telephone line with currents as low as 8 mA, even though the telephone may not be able to operate.
		The telephone company wants the DC resistance of your telephone line to be about 10 megOhms when there's no apparatus in use ("on hook," in telephone company jargon); you can draw no more than 5 microamperes while the telephone is in that state.
	www.affordablephones.net /phoneline.htm (1090 words)

	Telephone exchange information and planning system — A case study of Vastrapur telephone exchange
		The Ahmedabad Telecom area is divided into thirteen telephone exchanges and a subscriber is attached to one of the several exchanges.
		Whenever any changes are to be made in the telephone cables like diverting a telephone cable to another nearby pillar or erecting a new pillar, a lot of time is wasted in drawing the new maps or updating the already drawn maps.
		Thus a telephone call is received and sent through the network of MDF, primary cables, pillars, distributions cables, distribution points overhead cables to the subscriber as shown in Figure 1.
	www.gisdevelopment.net /application/utility/telecom/utilityt0004.htm (934 words)

	THG- My Local......Telephone Exchange
		Unit Automatic Exchange buildings were sometimes faced with red brick, but often locally available materials were used and much effort was made to match the surrounding architecture.
		As the telephone service continued to grow, carrier and coaxial transmission systems required differing repeater spacings and so a range of building types was developed to house the vital amplifiers and ancillary equipment.
		It is common for the extension block of an exchange to house the new equipment and for the larger main block to be leased out or sold off.
	www.thg.org.uk /local1.htm (652 words)

	Whilbr - Hagerstown Telephone Directory 1907
		Telephone service for Hagerstown began with the establishment in February 1883 of a central office by the Telephone Exchange Company.
		Later that year the Telephone Exchange Company was succeeded by the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company.
		In 1885 the telephone office was moved to the old Mail Building on South Jonathan (later Summit), with Frank Kennedy as the manager.
	www.whilbr.org /HagerstownTelephoneDirectory/index.aspx (688 words)

	Metadata: Telephone Exchange Service Area Boundaries for Minnesota, 2003
		Any changes in telephone exchange service area ownership that were filed with the Minnesota Department of Commerce and completely processed by DOC by December 2003 were incorporated into the data set.
		In addition, the telephone exchange service area boundaries, particularly in the Twin Cities metropolitan area, are not necessarily the boundaries of telephone number prefix areas (the 3-digit portion of a telephone number).
		The original and official exchange, area code and LATA boundaries are marked on Minnesota Department of Transportation county highway maps (1:126,720 or 1:63,360 scale) housed at the Department of Commerce.
	www.lmic.state.mn.us /chouse/metadata/mntel03.html (2863 words)

	Privateline.com Telephone History: EXchange Numbers
		Yet for forty years the most bizarre exchange names flooded the country and the entire telephone system was based on this riot of numbers and letters.
		For every block of 9,999 telephone numbers you assign a two or three digit code ahead of it, to designate the telephone switch, just as the four digit code identifies the subscriber.
		Exchanges were later named for landmarks, famous families, city neighborhoods, and so on.
	www.privateline.com /TelephoneHistory3A/numbers.html (1481 words)

	The Phone Exchange : Telephone exchange number information lookup
		The Phone Exchange is a database reference tool that allows you to take any US and Canadian phone number and determine its physical location.
		The area code is the first 3 digits of a telephone number and indicates a geographical area.
		It directs telephone calls to particular regions on a telephone network where they are then routed by the local telephone network based upon the next 3 digits.
	fileprofile.com /Business/databases_tools/the_phone_exchange (340 words)

	Telephone Exchange Names
		Prior to the late 1960s and early 1970s, The prefixes of local telephone numbers often contained two alpha characters followed by a number, then the suffix.
		The two alpha charactes were the first two letters of the name of the local exchange or central office.
		In the Philadelphia area, the exchange names from which many current local numbers are derived were pretty much set from July, 1946, though some were added later.
	www.angelfire.com /pa/philalmanac/telephone.html (91 words)

	San Francisco's Chinese Telephone Co. - 1901
		The exchange differs from all others in this city or in the world in that it is gorgeous with Oriental beauty and a marvel of luxurious good taste and splendor.
		The entrance to the exchange is up a long flight of narrow stairs, at the head of which is a gayly decorated sign in Chinese letters announcing the presence of the telephone, which, strangely enough, is one of the most popular of the American inventions among the Chinese.
		To many of the Chinese the telephone still holds, to a certain degree, its qualities of the supernatural, and the presence of a joss is not a luxury, but a prime necessity.
	www.sfmuseum.org /hist1/telco.html (987 words)

	The Telephone EXchange Name Project
		Telephone numbers used to begin with two letters, which were an abbreviation for a word.
		I had assumed that this was also true during the period when exchange names were in use, but we discovered phone numbers with 0 as the second digit (this was a phone number which was not written using an exchange name however).
		An exchange name is a word that is used to represent the first two letters of a 7 digit telephone number (exchange names have nothing to do with area codes or country codes).
	www.ourwebhome.com /TENP/TENproject.html (1602 words)

	The Telephone EXchange Name Project
		Telephone numbers used to begin with two letters, which were an abbreviation for a word.
		I had assumed that this was also true during the period when exchange names were in use, but we discovered phone numbers with 0 as the second digit (this was a phone number which was not written using an exchange name however).
		An exchange name is a word that is used to represent the first two letters of a 7 digit telephone number (exchange names have nothing to do with area codes or country codes).
	ourwebhome.com /TENP/TENproject.html (1602 words)

	Subterranea Britannica: Research Study Group: Sites: Kingsway telephone exchange
		The Kingsway telephone exchange started life as one of eight deep tunnel shelters (see `Deep level shelters in London')built underneath Northern Line and Central Line tube stations in London during WWII.
		It was extended, by building the four short, large-diameter tubes in the southern sector, to house the secret defence and international telephone exchange.
		The exchange has been declining in importance over many years, and in 1996 the site was offered for sale by BT.
	www.subbrit.org.uk /rsg/sites/k/kingsway (709 words)

	Telephone Exchange
		Connection to telephones is via a two-wire unbalanced loop with a common ground.
		My dad brought telephones home from work for me. My first efforts were manual exchanges with some form of switchboard in my bedroom and extensions around the house.
		I was going to build a copy of L D Gunn's exchange until, whilst mulling over ways to replace some of the relays with opto-isolators, I discovered the variety of different opto-devices that are now available and had the idea of using opto-coupled triacs for switching.
	www.holmea.demon.co.uk /Exchange/Design.htm (1699 words)

	Kingsway Hardened Telephone Exchange
		The tunnels were taken over by the GPO and extensions began in 1951 for a vast underground telephone exchange at Kingsway.
		The backbone of the exchange was a twin tunnel 100 feet down on the northern side of High Holborn, between Hatton Garden and Red Lion Square, with Gray's Inn Road running over it.
		The Holborn Exchange at on end brought together the telephone lines (links) with all the government departments and was a direct link to Whitehall's own FEDERAL exchange.
	www.geocities.com /foxeye121/kingsway.htm (669 words)

	Riviera Telephone Company
		Riviera Telephone Exchange purchased the existing lines and equipment in the Sarita area from Southwestern Bell and constructed new lines from Riviera to Sarita to serve more customers.
		When Riviera Telephone Company, Inc. turned up its new state of the art switching equipment tied to its newly constructed underground plant in 1965 it became the first telephone company in the Southwest area of the United States to have all one party service served by an all underground cable plant.
		Telephone service was provided to customers that had never had service in their homes in their family’s history.
	www.rivnet.com /history.html (1185 words)

	Radio Service Given Over the Telephone (1925)
		o take up your telephone receiver and listen in to the best radio broadcast programs without the trouble of tuning in is a new sensation, but one which new and far-reaching developments have made practical.
		There are, undoubtedly, thousands of people who either cannot afford the expense of a good commercial set and have not the time to build their own, or who will not take the trouble to tune in various stations and tune out static and other disturbances.
		Miss Ruth Fuegham is the radio telephone operator for the new system, and the entertainment of the subscribers is dependent upon her tuning in.
	earlyradiohistory.us /1925fre.htm (1151 words)

	Withdrawl of Site of the First Telephone Exchange: National Historic Landmarks Program (NHL)
		The New Haven District Telephone office and the first telephone exchange were located in the storefront with the awning.
		The first commercial telephone exchange in the world began operations on January 28, 1878 in a storefront of the Boardman Building in New Haven.
		In this lecture, during which a three-way telephone connection with Hartford and Middletown was demonstrated, Bell first discussed the idea of a telephone exchange for carrying on business and trade.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nhl/DOE_dedesignations/Telephone.htm (486 words)

	The Telephone Comes to Chester
		Conversion of the Conklin exchange to dial telephones began in April 1958 and was completed late the next year.
		The switchboard was removed and the building that housed the Conklin telephone exchange for over fifty years was converted into a private residence.
		Even with the installation of dial telephones, people in the Conklin exchange remained on party lines, although, the number of families on one line was reduced.
	mysite.verizon.net /res6xy3i/id18.html (563 words)

	Cold-War History in Manchester
		Manchester Guardian is an underground telephone exchange in the centre of Manchester built in 1954.
		The Manchester Guardian telephone exchange and deep level tunnels were one of several such systems built in the 50s.
		As the Guardian underground telephone exchange and deep level tunnels still exist under the streets of Manchester and are no longer in use, I believe they should be opened to the public as a cold-war museum.
	www.cybertrn.demon.co.uk /guardian (1598 words)

	US CODE: Title 47,153. Definitions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The term “exchange access” means the offering of access to telephone exchange services or facilities for the purpose of the origination or termination of telephone toll services.
		Such term does not include a person insofar as such person is engaged in the provision of a commercial mobile service under section 332 (c) of this title, except to the extent that the Commission finds that such service should be included in the definition of such term.
		The term “telephone toll service” means telephone service between stations in different exchange areas for which there is made a separate charge not included in contracts with subscribers for exchange service.
	www4.law.cornell.edu /uscode/47/153.html (2058 words)

	Richmond Field Station Telephone Conversion 2005 FAQ
		Telephone numbers will be changed to ones compatible with the central campus telephone exchange, the long-distance carrier will change from MCI to ATandT, and telephone rates will change.
		The new Meridian digital telephones can be damaged if they are connected to an analog line or an old ROLM exchange line that has a higher line voltage than the new digital lines.
		If you have analog telephone set or devices such as modem, fax or TTY that uses an analog line your telephone set or device will not be replaced.
	cns-cs.berkeley.edu /pbx/rfs/faq.shtml (896 words)

	Welcome to Voiceral
		The Voiceral Private Telephone Exchange (PTX) offers all of the benefits and convenience of a sophisticated office telephone system and voice mail system at a fraction of the cost.
		The Voiceral PTX provides numerous new features over your traditional office telephone system such as unified messaging where callers can be connected to the person they are trying to reach, whether that person is in the office, on the road, or working from home.
		The Voiceral Private Telephone Exchange (PTX) is far less expensive than a traditional phone system (PBX) and offers flexibility and features not even available with a standard phone system, thus allowing businesses to increase efficiency and productivity and better serve their customers.
	www.voiceral.com /telephone-exchange-service.php (514 words)

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