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Edward Teller - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Teller became part of the Theoretical Physics division at the secret Los Alamos laboratory during the war, and continued to push his ideas for a fusion weapon even though it had been put on a low priority during the war (as the creation of a fission weapon was proving to be difficult enough by itself). Teller was later encouraged, however, by the Bush administration's revitalization of the missile defense program in the early 21st century (known to its critics as "Son of Star Wars"). In 1942, Teller was invited to be part of Robert Oppenheimer 's summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan Project, the Allied effort to develop the first nuclear weapons. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Edward_Teller

Stanisław Marcin Ulam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Ulam also invented nuclear pulse propulsion, and at the end of his life, declared it the invention of which he was most proud. Ulam took a position at the University of Colorado in 1965. Stanisław Marcin Ulam ( April 13, 1909 – May 13, 1984) was a Polish mathematician who helped develop the key theory behind the hydrogen bomb, as well as a number of other important mathematical tools. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stanislaw_Marcin_Ulam

teller.html Teller was subsequently credited with developing the world's first thermonuclear weapon, and he became known in the United States as "the father of the H-bomb." Ulam's key role in conceiving the bomb design did not emerge from classified government documents and other sources until several decades after the event. Together these new ideas provided a firm basis for a fusion weapon, and a device using the Teller-Ulam configuration, as it is now known, was successfully tested at Enewetak atoll in the Pacific on Nov. 1, 1952; it yielded an explosion equivalent to 10 million tons (10 megatons) of TNT. Teller was associate director of Livermore from 1954 to 1958 and from 1960 to 1975, and he was its director in 1958-60. www.phy.bg.ac.yu /web_projects/giants/teller.html

Stanislaw M. Ulam Papers, American Philosophical Society Ulam's convalescence required a leave of absence from USC, during which he was invited to attend a secret conference at LASL in April, 1946, to discuss the development of Teller's thermonuclear bomb. Von Neumann confirmed Ulam's results through calculations run on the Princeton computer, one of the earliest electronic computing machines of its kind, and by April, 1950, Ulam had developed an alternative configuration, which he published jointly with Teller as a classified paper. Ulam's work at LASL constitutes another area of surprising weakness: in some cases, the name of a correspondent associated with the laboratory suggests that valuable technical information on the development of nuclear weapons is available in their file. www.amphilsoc.org /library/mole/u/ulam.htm

Radiation Implosion Teller and Ulam put all this down in a joint report LAMS-1225 "On heterocatalytic detonations 1: hydrodynamic lenses and radiation mirrors", dated 09 March 1951. Teller took the opportunity of an SAB meeting (spring 1951) to present the plan for "an equilibrium hydrogen bomb," in which compressed fuel would be used. The calculations of Fermi and Ulam, however, were not definitive, and the final decision about the feasibility of a thermonuclear reaction in liquid deuterium came when a full-scale machine calculation on this problem was carried out which took into account all important physical processes. www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/intro/radiation-implosion.htm

TCS: Tech Central Station - The Bomb Maker The Teller-Ulam idea was to carefully focus the radiation from a fission bomb to compress the hydrogen nuclei so fusion occurs. Teller's legacy includes the development of the U.S. hydrogen bomb program as a strategy in the Cold War, as the Soviet Union proceeded to develop its hydrogen bomb. During the Manhattan Project, Teller and colleagues thought that if lighter atoms, such as hydrogen, could be squeezed together under very high temperature and pressure to undergo fusion a bomb even more powerful than the fission bomb might be built. www.techcentralstation.com /092303B.html

Observations on the Development of the H-Bomb by Hans A. Bethe Teller was probably influenced by thinking about the Greenhouse design when he developed the new concept, but the success of Greenhouse (which was anticipated) had no influence either on the creation of the new concept or on its quick adoption by the Laboratory or later by the GAC. When Dr. Teller and Admiral Strauss proposed in the fall of 1949 that full-scale development of H-bombs be undertaken, the method in their minds, as well as in the minds of those who opposed the program, was Method A. To accomplish Method A, two major problems had to be solved. To demand, as Teller did as a condition for his staying, that Los Alamos tackle the super-bomb on a large scale, or plan for twelve tests a year on fission bombs, was plainly unrealistic to say the least. www.fas.org /nuke/guide/usa/nuclear/bethe-54.htm

1. Teller's triumph? Teller was "Perhaps one of the handful of most influential scientists in the 20th century," says Robert S. Norris, a historian with the Natural Resources Defense Council. Teller's was a life made for the movies, and he is widely considered the template for the title role in the dark comedy, "Dr. Strangelove: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb." Passionate advocacy of nuclear weapons earned Teller a lifelong entry to the corridors of power, and for close to five decades he was an eminently qualified, intensely intelligent, combative conservative voice on national security affairs. whyfiles.org /186ed_teller/2.html

Society for Philosophy and Technology - volume 3, number 3 It is also more commonly known as the Teller-Ulam configuration. Teller and his colleagues had hoped that either the IAS computer or the Los Alamos equivalent would be able to carry out a full simulation of the Super by 1949 or 1950, but construction on both computers fell way behind schedule. Teller was disillusioned and depressed by the end of 1950 because his Super weapon was still not proven either to be workable or not. scholar.lib.vt.edu /ejournals/SPT/v3n3/FITZPATR.html

H-Bomb In their joint report Ulam and Teller referred to these compression schemes as "hydrodynamic lenses and radiation mirrors."18 Although the latter scheme was finally adopted, the deuterium could be sufficiently compressed by either means to permit a secondary fusion bomb of unprecedented energy. When Ulam told Teller of his scheme in their famous breakthrough meeting in early 1951, Teller proposed a variant in which radiation from the primary fission bomb, rather than the shock wave, would cause a convergence or implosion of energy to compress the deuterium. The "classical Super," Teller's conception of thermonuclear weapons from 1942 until 1950, was essentially a cylinder of liquid deuterium which, when heated, would release great quantities of additional energy by nuclear fusion reactions between pairs of deuterium nuclei. www.cise.ufl.edu /~nantonio/h-bomb.htm

Stanisław Marcin Ulam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Stanisław Marcin Ulam (April 13, 1909–May 13, 1984) was a Polish mathematician who helped develop the Teller-Ulam design which powers the hydrogen bomb, as well as a number of other important mathematical tools. Ulam also invented nuclear pulse propulsion and, at the end of his life, declared it the invention of which he was proudest. Ulam took a position at the University of Colorado in 1965. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stanislaw_Marcin_Ulam   (859 words)

tuc This is where Teller, Ulam, and de Hoffmann came in. Radiation Coupled Implosion Ed Teller has stated that the transfer of energy from the primary to the secondary is primarily via radiation in the form of soft X-rays, which travel at light speed. Compression of the fusion fuel can get as high as 1000x solid density, at 100 million degrees C. Ulam is said to have come up with the solution to the energy transfer problem when he was looking at ways to improve the efficiency of the trigger. www.cc.utah.edu /~at6107/tuc   (859 words)

2. Gone fission Although Teller had long argued "compression does not matter," Ulam realized, according to Rhodes, that "Compression works in thermonuclear fuels in much the same way it works in fission fuels, squeezing nuclei closer together and therefore improving their chances of interacting" (Dark Sun, p. Teller then contributed another idea: placing a "spark plug" of uranium or plutonium in the center of the fusion stage. Although Teller soon scented success, shock from the atomic bomb might not compress the fuel evenly, and the secondary might still be destroyed too soon. whyfiles.org /186ed_teller/3.html   (859 words)

As I Please: Good Riddance The attempt didn't work (although the bomb itself did), and so people in the know refer to the "Teller-Ulam idea" of using the pulse of radiation from a fission explosion to ignite the fusion reaction. Teller could have used a personality transplant and was understandably unpopular among his peers at Los Alamos. He doesn't like Teller either but he gives a clear view of how Teller, and others in the field, got to be where and who they were. www.spicejar.org /asiplease/archives/000104.html   (859 words)

The American Experience Race for the Superbomb Stanislaw M. Ulam (1909 - 1984) Teller recognized that, though there were problems with the idea, Ulam had hit on the solution. But a year later Ulam accidentally came up with a new scheme that would prove to be a breakthrough, and he reluctantly took it to Teller. Ulam had first come to the United States from Poland for a few months in 1935 at von Neumann's invitation to work at the Institute of Advanced Studies in Princeton. www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/bomb/peopleevents/pandeAMEX74.html   (859 words)

Edward Teller - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Teller-Ulam design kept the fission and fusion fuel physically separated from one another, and used radiation from the primary device to compress the secondary. Teller became part of the Theoretical Physics division at the secret Los Alamos laboratory during the war, and continued to push his ideas for a fusion weapon even though it had been put on a low priority during the war (as the creation of a fission weapon was proving to be difficult enough by itself). Teller was later encouraged, however, by the Bush administration's revitalization of the missile defense program in the early 21st century (known to its critics as "Son of Star Wars"). en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Edward_Teller   (859 words)

Two Parallels Among Three Perpendiculars: Teller was blamed for trying -- on selfish grounds -- to destroy Robert Oppenheimer and to diminish the contribution of Stanislaw Ulam in the H-bomb. Teller showed the same concern, for instance, when he met Elena Bonner in 1986 (she was in the United States for heart surgery) and suggested that they keep their meeting from the press, so as not to harm the defense of Andrei Sakharov (who was still banished to the closed city of Gorky). Sakharov felt that Teller " was bucking the tide, going against the majority opinion," but perhaps it was Pravda that was correct, stating " that gentleman had sold his talent long ago to the military-industrial complex of the USA " and was simply obeying the latest orders from that monster. people.bu.edu /gorelik/Minnesota_02_web.htm   (859 words)

Teller-Ulam design - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Whether or not this would apply only to the "Mike" device, or the Teller-Ulam design in general, is not known, and potentially casts some doubt onto the role of the foam, and to the exact mechanism of radiation "transport". Ulam's two innovations which rendered the fusion bomb practical were that compression of the thermonuclear fuel before extreme heating was a practical path towards the conditions needed for fusion, and the idea of staging or placing a separate thermonuclear component outside a fission primary component, and somehow using the primary to compress the secondary. Ulam considered using neutrons from the primary and the hot gases produced by the exploding primary as mechanisms to transfer energy to the secondary, but these proved impractical on further analysis. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Teller-Ulam_design   (5405 words)

Basic Principles of Staged Radiation Implosion ("Teller-Ulam Design") The technique for doing this is staged radiation implosion, also called the Teller-Ulam configuration after its original joint inventors, Stanislaw Ulam and Edward Teller (also reinvented independently by Andrei Sakharov and his associates, and by others in Britain, France, and China). The Teller-Ulam configuration makes use of the fact that at the high temperatures of a fission bomb 80% or more of the energy exists as soft X-rays, not kinetic energy. All thermonuclear weapons existing in the world today appear to be based on a scheme usually called the "Teller-Ulam" design (after its inventors Stanislaw Ulan and Edward Teller), or "staged radiation implosion" for a physically descriptive designation. nuclearweaponarchive.org /Library/Teller.html   (5405 words)

Ulam, Stanislaw M --  Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article Later, while working on a fusion bomb, he and Edward Teller developed a two-stage radiation implosion design (the “Teller-Ulam configuration”) that could generate an explosion capable of initiating nuclear fusion, a design that led to the creation of the hydrogen bomb. Ulam, Stanislaw M --  Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article U.S. research on thermonuclear weapons started from a conversation in September 1941 between Fermi and Teller. concise.britannica.com /ebc/article?tocId=9381469   (5405 words)

The Holocaust Bomb: A Question of Time Richard Rhodes assures me that his sources, including Bethe, credit Teller with this invention in 1951, but I would have thought the spark plug was inherent in the 1946 Alarm Clock concept, and also in Ulam's proposed separation of stages, since Ulam was working on pure fission devices when he thought of it. Meanwhile, it took three more developments to complete the design and make the Alarm Clock a practical weapon: boosting (Bethe's Method C, invented by Teller in 1947), radiation implosion (Bethe's Method D, invented by Ulam and Teller in 1951), and the spark plug (Teller in 1951). According to all of these accounts, Teller's original H-bomb plan was to use a small fission bomb to light one end of a cannister of deuterium, or heavy hydrogen, and cause a self-sustaining fusion reaction to propagate through the length of the cannister, like the detonation wave that propagates through a stick of dynamite. www.fas.org /sgp/eprint/morland.html   (5405 words)

Nuclear weapon design Edward Teller and Stanislaw Ulam at Los Alamos worked out the idea of staged detonation coupled with radiation implosion in what is known in the United States as the Teller-Ulam design in 1951. The majority of the technical difficulties of designing and manufacturing a fission weapon are based on the need to both reduce the time of assembly of a supercritical mass to a minimum and reduce the number of stray (pre-detonation) neutrons to a minimum. The isotopes desirable for a nuclear weapon are those which have a high probability of fission reaction, yield a high number of excess neutrons, have a low probability of absorbing neutrons without a fission reaction, and do not release a large number of spontaneous neutrons. hallencyclopedia.com /Nuclear_weapon_design   (4898 words)

Ulam Working with physicist Edward Teller, Ulam solved one major problem encountered in work on the fusion bomb by suggesting that compression was essential to explosion and that shock waves from a fission bomb could produce the compression needed. This two-stage radiation implosion design, which became known as the Teller-Ulam configuration, led to the creation of modern thermonuclear weapons. In 1940 Ulam was appointed as an assistant professor at the University of Wisconsin. www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Ulam.html   (4898 words)

OPERATION CASTLE - 1954 The U.S. thermonuclear weapon program had been stuck in the doldrums prior to the breakthroughs of Ulam and Teller in early 1951, and no plans had been made for producing this fusion fuel. The Zombie began its conceptual existence as a radiation imploded fission bomb with a yield in the range of hundreds of kilotons, similar to Stanislaw Ulam's original conception of using one fission bomb to compress another. Koon was the first thermonuclear device to be designed by UCRL (now Lawrence Livermore), and was the last weapon design on which Edward Teller directly worked. www.radiochemistry.org /history/nuke_tests/castle   (4898 words)

Edward Teller The Teller-Ulam design kept the fission and fusion fuel physically separated from one another, and used radiation from the primary device to compress the secondary. Also, Ulam's idea seems to have been to use mechanical shock from the primary to encourage fusion in the secondary, while Teller quickly realised that radiation from the primary would do the job much more early and more efficiently. Teller became part of the Theoretical Physics division at the secret Los Alamos laboratory during the war, and continued to push his ideas for a fusion weapon even though it had been put on a low priority during the war (as the creation of a fission weapon was proving to be difficult enough by itself). www.mlahanas.de /Physics/Bios/EdwardTeller.html   (3182 words)

1. Teller's triumph? Teller was "Perhaps one of the handful of most influential scientists in the 20th century," says Robert S. Norris, a historian with the Natural Resources Defense Council. Teller's was a life made for the movies, and he is widely considered the template for the title role in the dark comedy, "Dr. Strangelove: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb." Passionate advocacy of nuclear weapons earned Teller a lifelong entry to the corridors of power, and for close to five decades he was an eminently qualified, intensely intelligent, combative conservative voice on national security affairs. whyfiles.org /186ed_teller/2.html   (878 words)

COLIN HUGHES -- REVIEW OF EDWARD TELLER: THE REAL DOCTOR STRANGELOVE BY PETER GOODCHILD -- LOGOS 4.2 SPRING 2005 Teller was invited to stay as director of a much reduced theoretical division but demanded as a condition that the Laboratory should mount a large scale program to develop the Super or plan twelve tests a year on fission bombs. Teller sold the idea to a receptive Reagan as a means of obtaining ‘assured survival’ though his descriptions of its capability were well ahead of anything being thought of at Livermore. Teller was left behind, because, he was told, the theoretical problems of nuclear reactions had already been solved, but the real reason was a delay in securing clearance for secret work. www.logosjournal.com /issue_4.2/hughes.htm   (878 words)

3. Credit - or blame? "Teller for the last few decades of his life held a position that was not supported by the evidence provided by others, and even the evidence provided by himself, that he created the Teller-Ulam design," says Carey Sublette. Although few modern inventions are the product of a single mind, scientists have long debated who should get credit for the central element of the thermonuclear bomb, the Teller-Ulam design. Teller was the most outspoken of the atomic scientists who took an opposite tack. whyfiles.org /186ed_teller/4.html   (1159 words)

The H-bomb: Who really gave away the secret? thebulletin.org In their joint report Ulam and Teller referred to these compression schemes as "hydrodynamic lenses and radiation mirrors." [18]  Although the latter scheme was finally adopted, the deuterium could be sufficiently compressed by either means to permit a secondary fusion bomb of unprecedented energy. When Ulam told Teller of his scheme in their famous breakthrough meeting in early 1951, Teller proposed a variant in which radiation from the primary fission bomb, rather than the shock wave, would cause a convergence or implosion of energy to compress the deuterium. Teller's estimates of the amount of tritium required when the crash program was begun were much too low. www.thebulletin.org /article.php?art_ofn=jf90hirsch   (4909 words)

The First Nuclear Weapons Teller on the other hand grew so captivated by the problem that he became unable to fulfill his duties at Los Alamos, was relieved of all technical leadership responsibilities, and was eventually transferred to a separate study group to prevent him from interfering in the work of others on the atomic bomb. Teller is soon placed in charge of lower priority research on fusion weapon design (designated the Super), but remains responsible for much theoretical work on the fission weapon as well. Teller's principal contribution during this period was realizing that the thermal radiation flux from the primary was a more promising means of generating the necessary implosive forces. www.avhub.net /firstnuclearweapons.htm   (12325 words)

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