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Topic: Temporal Key Integrity Protocol

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	Wireless Glossary: Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)
		The Temporal Key Integrity Protocol, pronounced tee-kip, is part of the IEEE 802.11i encryption standard for wireless LANs.
		TKIP is the next generation of WEP, the Wired Equivalency Protocol, which is used to secure 802.11 wireless LANs.
		TKIP provides per-packet key mixing, a message integrity check and a re-keying mechanism, thus fixing the flaws of WEP.
	www.devx.com /wireless/Door/11455 (67 words)

	TKIP - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In cryptography, TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) is a security protocol used in Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA).
		Key mixing increases the complexity of decoding the keys by giving the cracker much less data that has been encrypted using any one key.
		Also TKIP hashes the initialization vector (IV) values, which are sent as plaintext, with the WPA key to form the RC4 traffic key, addressing one of WEP's largest security weaknesses.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/TKIP (285 words)

	TKIP Overview
		TKIP is a suite of algorithms that works as a "wrapper" to WEP, which allows users of legacy WLAN equipment to upgrade to TKIP without replacing hardware.
		The new protocol, however, encrypts each data packet with a unique encryption key, and the keys are much stronger than those of its predecesor.
		While TKIP is useful for upgrading security on devices originally equipped with WEP, it does not address all of the security issues facing WLANs and may not be reliable or efficient enough for sensitive corporate and government data transmission.
	www.vivificus.net /jimbon/networking/tkip.html (280 words)

	TKIP - Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
		This is a security protocol used within the IEEE 802.11i specifications for Wi-Fi networks.
		TKIP introduces a sophisticated key generation function which encrypts every data packet sent over the wireless medium (air interface) with its own unique encryption key.
		This increases the complexity of decoding the keys by reducing the amount of data available to the hacker, that has been encrypted using a particular key.
	mpirical.com /companion/IP/TKIP_-_Temporal_Key_Integrity_Protocol.htm (65 words)

	Wi-Fi Protected Access - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		WPA is designed for use with an 802.1X authentication server, which distributes different keys to each user; however, it can also be used in a less secure "pre-shared key" (PSK) mode, where every user is given the same passphrase.
		Data is encrypted using the RC4 stream cipher, with a 128-bit key and a 48-bit initialization vector (IV).
		One major improvement in WPA over WEP is the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), which dynamically changes keys as the system is used.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access (1200 words)

	What is TKIP? - a definition from Whatis.com - see also: Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
		TKIP is a suite of algorithms that works as a "wrapper" to WEP, which allows users of legacy WLAN equipment to upgrade to TKIP without replacing hardware.
		The new protocol, however, encrypts each data packet with a unique encryption key, and the keys are much stronger than those of its predecesor.
		While TKIP is useful for upgrading security on devices originally equipped with WEP, it does not address all of the security issues facing WLANs and may not be reliable or efficient enough for sensitive corporate and government data transmission.
	searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid40_gci1113988,00.html (496 words)

	ISO17799 / BS7799 / ISO27001 - Callio Technologies - ISO 17799 / BS 7799 / ISO 27001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The next generation of the Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) protocol that is used in the IEEE 802.11i standard for wireless networking.
		TKIP provides a number of additional features to WEP, including a message authentication code (MAC), a rekeying mechanism and the hashing of the initialization vector that is added to the WEP key in order to create a session key.
		In order to ensure the continual improvement of our dictionary, Callio Technologies is soliciting the collaboration of individuals interested in sitting on a committee of experts responsible for reviewing dictionary content and ensuring the accuracy of new and revised dictionary articles.
	www.callio.com /expertise/encyclopedia.asp?termid=3479 (234 words)

	What is TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)?
		TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) is part of a draft standard from the IEEE 802.11i working group.
		Before TKIP, it was possible to perform a known ciphertext attack on WEP after collecting a large number of packets.
		This backwards compatibility with TKIP is necessary because most legacy Wi-Fi (802.11) hardware does not have the CPU power to use the AES algorithm utilized by CCMP.
	www.tech-faq.com /tkip-temporal-key-integrity-protocol.shtml (291 words)

	TKIP: Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
		Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) is part of the IEEE 802.11i encryption standard for wireless LANs security.
		TKIP utilizes RC4 stream cippher with 128 bit key for encryption and 64 bit key for authentication.
		TKIP is the next generation of WEP (Wired Equivalency Protocol).
	www.javvin.com /networksecurity/TKIP.html (72 words)

	Explaining TKIP - Network World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), as defined by the IEEE 802.11i specification, addresses the encryption part of the wireless security equation.
		TKIP is a "wrapper" that goes around the existing WEP encryption.
		The key is created by mixing together a combination of things, including a base key (called a Pairwise Transient Key in TKIP parlance), the MAC address of the transmitting station, and the serial number for the packet.
	www.networkworld.com /reviews/2004/1004wirelesstkip.html (696 words)

	WPA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		For the unicast encryption key, the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) changes the key for every frame, and the change is synchronized between the wireless client and the wireless access point (AP).
		For the global encryption key, WPA enables the wireless AP to advertise the changed key to the connected wireless clients.
		TKIP replaces WEP with an encryption algorithm that is stronger than the WEP algorithm but uses the calculation technologies present on existing wireless devices to perform encryption operations.
	msdn.microsoft.com /library/en-us/wcecomm5/html/wce50conWPA.asp?... (348 words)

	Increasing Wireless Security with TKIP
		TKIP is a quick-fix method to quickly overcome the inherent weaknesses in WEP security, especially the reuse of encryption keys.
		TKIP combines the temporal key with the [client machine's] MAC address and then adds a relatively large 16-octet initialization vector to produce the key that will encrypt the data.
		TKIP uses RC4 to perform the encryption, which is the same as WEP.
	windowsitpro.com /WindowsSecurity/Article/ArticleID/27064/27064.html (908 words)

	ISP Planet - Fixed Wireless - Technology - Better Than WEP
		Known collectively as the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), these measures are intended to quickly fill the gaping hole left by Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP).
		December press releases drew public attention to "fast-packet keying", a key-hashing function proposed to the IEEE by Russ Housley from RSA and Doug Whiting of HiFn.
		Keys, sequence spaces, and replay windows must all be resynchronized frequently without degrading performance or preventing roaming between access points.
	www.isp-planet.com /fixed_wireless/technology/2002/better_than_wep.html (1340 words)

	Microwave Engineering Online - Wi-Fi Alliance takes lead in wireless LAN security features (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Wi-Fi is adding the security features in response to increased pressure from users and from industry to address WLAN security in general and the wired equivalent privacy (WEP) encryption cipher in particular.
		TKIP was intended to address WEP, Eaton said, but the implementation of TKIP proved problematic and led to delays, he said.
		A third key element of the 802.11i draft standard — the advanced encryption scheme (AES) — remains a bone of contention within the IEEE standards body.
	www.mwee.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=16505838 (372 words)

	Cover Pages: Entrust Contributes Digital Signature Protocol Specifications to OASIS DSS TC.
		Its schema is based upon the RFC 3161 ASN.1 timestamping protocol, but uses the XML Signature standard for signature formatting." These three protocols developed at Entrust are believed to meet the requirements for three particular deliverables sketched in the TC's provisional Statement of Purpose.
		Most current implementations of digital signatures bind the public key with a specific individual that is responsible for the content of any data signed with the corresponding private key.
		Tokens and Protocol for the Temporal Integrity Markup Language (TIML).
	xml.coverpages.org /ni2002-11-26-b.html (663 words)

	Know your wireless encryption options (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		WEP was the encryption scheme hastily thrown together as a pseudo-standard by vendors who were in a hurry to start producing wireless equipment before the protocol standards were finalized.
		TKIP is the underlying technology which allows WPA to be backwards compatible with WEP and existing wireless hardware.
		TKIP works in conjunction with WEP and institutes a longer key, 128-bits, as well as changing the key on a per-packet basis to make it exponentially more secure than WEP alone.
	whatis.techtarget.com /tip/1,289483,sid45_gci1170322,00.html?bucket=ETA (732 words)

	WPA: It's Like WEP, but Good
		What TKIP's use does is directly address one of the critical problems with WEP—that is, it didn't change the encryption keys enough over time.
		TKIP starts with a longer key length then was used in WEP so it gains some cryptological strength from this right off the bat.
		The key is 256 bits in length, whether the key is entered as 64 hex digits or by ASCII characters.
	security.ithub.com /article/WPA+Its+like+WEP+but+Good/163390_2.aspx (826 words)

	WLAN Analyzer and Protocol Decoder - CommView for WiFi - WEP/WPA Keys
		The WEP/WPA Keys window allows WEP or WPA keys to be entered for the decryption of captured packets.
		Without these keys, the program will not be able to decrypt data packets being transmitted on your WLAN.
		The key set that you can enter or load using this dialog will be applied to packets captured in real-time, as well as to any NCF capture files that might have been saved previously.
	www.tamos.com /htmlhelp/commwifi/wepkeys.htm (347 words)

	TKIP - Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
		TKIP is a acronym that can contains many meanings which are listed below.
		There may be many popular meanings for TKIP with the most popular definition being that of Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
		If you have more information or know of another definition for TKIP, please let us know so that we can review it and add that information to our database.
	www.auditmypc.com /acronym/TKIP.asp (169 words)

	Wireless encryption that grows on you - Network World
		Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), developed by the IEEE's 802.11 task group, is one of two major components of the Wi-Fi Alliance's Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) specification.
		TKIP, like WEP before it, is based on the RC4 encryption algorithm, says Chris Bolinger, product manager for Cisco's wireless networking group.
		But TKIP, which will be available as a software/firmware upgrade for access points and Wi-Fi cards already equipped with WEP, has a longer key length and uses dynamic keys that are swapped periodically.
	www.networkworld.com /supp/2003/security/0526secwifiside1.html (706 words)

	Wpa-psk encryption, wpa-psk, wireless 802.11g base station router (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The process used to generate the encryption key is very rigorous and the rekeying (or key changing) is done very quickly.
		WEP was confusing to home users because of the various types of keys vendors used (HEX, ASCII, or passphrase) and because home users mix and match equipment from multiple vendors, all using different types of keys.
		The WPA preshared key should be a random sequence of either keyboard characters (upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and punctuation) at least 20 characters long or hexadecimal digits (numbers 0-9 and letters A-F) at least 24 hexadecimal digits long.
	www.wireless-vin.com (2856 words)

	CCIE Self-Study: Security Protocols > "Do I Know This Already?" Quiz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Protocols such as Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (PEAP), Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC), and Transport Layer Security (TLS) are discussed, all of which are newly defined protocols used to help secure vulnerable wireless networks.
		The RADIUS key is Ilovemymum, and it is a valid configuration.
		The RADIUS key is 3.3.3.3, and it is a valid configuration.
	www.ciscopress.com /articles/article.asp?p=422947&seqNum=7 (1019 words)

	:: LAPTOP Magazine • Words for the Wary ::
		TKIP: Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is the next generation of WEP, the Wired Equivalency Protocol; TKIP offers an added form of encryption included in WPA that scrambles data based on a special algorithm and provides per-packet key mixing a message integrity check and a re-keying mechanism to make sure keys haven't been altered.
		WEP: Wired Equivalent Privacy, part of the original 802.11b Wi-Fi standard; a protocol for WLAN transmission authentication and encryption that is commonly regarded as a flawed protocol due to its use of the same key across all communications devices.
		WPA uses the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), which corrects WEP shortcomings.
	laptopmag.com /Features/Words-for-the-Wary.htm (559 words)

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