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Topic: The Ten Gurus of Sikhism

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	Ten Sikh Gurus - SikhiWiki, free Sikh encyclopedia.
		Sikhism was established by ten Gurus, teachers or masters, over the period from 1469 to 1708 - that is over a period of 239 years.
		The "Guru" in Sikhism is an enlightener and messenger.They are the messengers of the Timeless.
		Guru Har Krishan was the youngest of the Gurus.
	www.sikhiwiki.org /index.php/The_Ten_Gurus_of_Sikhism (2060 words)

	Spiritual Personalities of India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The sixth guru, Guru Hargobind Sahib, was born in 1595.
		The eighth guru, Siri Har Krishan, was born in 1656.
		The ninth guru, Siri guru Tegh Bahadur, was born in 1621 in Amritsar.
	www.gurusofindia.com /sant.php?show=sikhgurus (1100 words)

	Sikhism 4
		the sixth guru, was the son of Arjan and the grandson of Ram Das.
		The growing militancy of Sikhism against the Mughuls is reflected in the symbols of Sikhism that emerged from this period.
		the ninth guru was the youngest son of Guru Hargobind the sixth guru.
	www.csupomona.edu /~plin/ews431/sikhgurus.html (1278 words)

	Sikhism - SikhiWiki, free Sikh encyclopedia.
		Guru Nanak Dev (1469-1538), the founder of Sikhism, was born in the village of Talwandi, now called Nankana Sahib, near Lahore in present-day Pakistan.
		Guru Amar Das became the third Sikh guru in 1552 at the age of 73.
		Sikhism was established by ten Gurus — teachers or masters — over the period 1469 to 1708.
	sikhiwiki.org /index.php?title=Sikhism (4160 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Sikhism was established by ten Gurus, teachers or masters, over the period 1469 to 1708.
		Guru Nanak was the first Guru and Guru Gobind Singh the final Guru in human form.
		In addition to the Ten Gurus of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib was made the eleventh perpetual guru of Sikhs.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Sikh_Guru (266 words)

	Religions
		Sikhism is often described as Nama Marga (the way of the nam or name) as it emphasizes the constant repetition of the name of God and the Gurubani (from the mouth of the Guru).
		The birth and death of a guru is referred to as a gurpurb.
		Guru Har Gobind, the sixth Guru was only eleven but with the help of Bhai Buddha and Bhai Gurdas, he vowed to avenge the death of his father.
	www.tamilstar.com /religions/sikhism.shtml (2773 words)

	Brief History of The Ten (10) Sikh Gurus.
		Shri Guru Arjan Sahib Ji Guru Arjan Sahib, the youngest son of Guru Ramdas Sahib and Mata Bhani Ji was born at Goindwal Sahib on Vaisakh Vadi 7th, (19th Vaisakh) Samvat 1620 (April 15,1563).
		Shri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib Ji Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib was born on Vaisakh Vadi 5, (5 Vaisakh), Bikrami Samvat 1678, (1st April, 1621) in the holy city of Amritsar in a house known as Guru ke Mahal.
		Shri Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji The tenth and the last Guru or Prophet-teacher of the Sikh faith, was born Gobind Rai Sodhi on Poh Sudi 7th, 23rd Poh 1723 Bikrami Samvat (22 December 1666) at Patna, in Bihar.
	www.sarabsanjhigurbani.com /ten-guru.asp (569 words)

	Sikhism
		Guru Arjan — youngest son of the fourth guru — became the Fifth Guru of the Sikhs.
		Guru Arjan in AD 1604, although some of the earlier gurus are also known to have documented their revelations.
		Guru Granth Sahib is the eleventh and final Guru of the Sikhs, is held in the highest regard by the Sikhs and is treated as the Eternal Guru, as instructed by Guru Gobind Singh.
	www.vetty.com /wpcd/wp/s/Sikhism.htm (3123 words)

	-- Beliefnet.com
		The Gurus are understood to be the mediators of divine grace.
		The tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, instituted the Khalsa brotherhood, in which initiates are required to wear five distinctive symbols: uncut hair, a comb, a steel wrist bangle, a sword, and short underpants.
		The last of the ten Gurus, Guru Gobind Singh, announced that he would be the last personal Guru and that thereafter, Sikhs were to regard the Adi Granth (Guru Granth Sahib) as their teacher.
	www.beliefnet.com /story/50/story_5029_1.html (475 words)

	Alexian Brothers Health System - Mission and Spiritual Services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Sikhism, an Indian religion that originated in the Punjab region in northwest India, was established through a series of ten Gurus.
		Guru Nanak (1469-1539) started Sikhism and it continued to be developed by subsequent Gurus until the tenth and final Guru Gobind Singh, who was assassinated in 1708.
		Guru Gobind Singh was the last of the Gurus and during his time, he established the tradition of the five “Ks” which is an important part of Sikhism today.
	www.alexianhealthsystem.org /mission/culture/sikhism.html (789 words)

	Myswizard » Sikhism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Guru Granth Sahib is the eleventh and final Guru of the Sikhs, is held in the highest regard by the Sikhs and is treated as the Eternal Guru, as instructed by Guru Gobind Singh.
		The founder of Sikhism, Guru Nanak, was born in 1469 to a Khatri family in central Punjab.
		Guru Nanak’s ascribed to the concept of maya, regarding material objects and realities as expressions of the creator’s eternal truth, which tended to erect “a wall of falsehood” around those who live totally in the mundane world of material desires.
	www.myswizard.com /2006/01/13/sikhism (3757 words)

	The Sikh Coalition
		Sikhism was revealed to Guru Nanak over 500 years ago in the Punjab, the Sikh Homeland in South Asia.
		The last living Guru, Guru Gobind Singh (1666 to 1708) crystallized the practices and beliefs of the faith and determined that no future living Guru was needed.
		Guru Granth is the Sikh scripture, as the spiritual manifestation of the Guru, while the Guru Panth is the collectivity of all initiated Sikhs worldwide, as the physical manifestation of the Guru.
	www.sikhcoalition.org /SikhismGlance.asp (506 words)

	Manas: Religions paths of India
		Nanak was succeeded by Guru Angad (1504-52), who developed the Gurmukhi script and collected the writings of Nanak; the fourth Guru, Ram Das (1534-81), founded the holy city of Amritsar, where his successor Arjan (1563-1606) built a gurdwara (literally, doorway to the Guru) or Sikh temple.
		Guru Arjan also engaged in the construction of numerous other gurdwaras, and gave definite shape to the compilation of Nanak's writings, which along with the hymns of Hindu and Muslim saints and the writings of the other Gurus were constituted into the Adi Granth or Guru Granth Sahib, the holy book of the Sikhs.
		The boundaries between Sikhism and Hinduism were never sharply drawn until very recent times, and in the Punjab it was not uncommon at all, until the violent secessionist movement of the 1980s began to alter the landscape, for a Hindu family to raise one of its children as a Sikh.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /southasia/Religions/paths/Sikhism.html (876 words)

	Introduction to Sikhism - The Sikh way of life.
		Guru Gobind Singh, the Tenth Guru, exemplified the Sikh ideal of the Soldier-Saint.
		Guru Gobind Singh was the last Guru of the Sikhs in human form.
		For Sikhs, "Siri Guru Granth Sahib" is the living embodiment of the Guru, and is regarded with the utmost reverence and respect wherever it is found.
	www.sikhnet.com /s/SikhIntro (960 words)

	Sikhism
		Sikhism preaches that people of different races, religions, or sex are all equal in the eyes of God.
		Guru Gobind Singh felt that all the wisdom needed by Sikhs for spiritual guidance in their daily lives could be found in Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the Eternal Guru of the Sikhs.
		Guru Gobind Singh abolished the priestly class making Sikhism free from their weaknesses and egos, the only priest is the Living Guru, the Guru Granth Sahib which contains all the knowledge and which is available for reading by any Sikh.
	www.inplainsite.org /html/sikhism.html (1708 words)

	The Ten Gurus of Sikhism
		Son of Guru Arjan, he perfected the dress code introduced by his father and started the tradition of wearing two swords, one signifying his political (amiri) authority and the other his religious (fakiri).
		Guru Har Krishan (1661-64): He was the second son of Guru Har Rai, who succeed his father at the age of five under unfortunate circumstances since his brother was taken away as a hostage by the Mughals.
		We are told that when he was in the prision awairing his execution, Guru Teg Bahadur predicted the coming of the Western powers to the Indian subcontinent and the downfall of the Mughals.
	www.hinduwebsite.com /sikhism/sikhgurus.asp (686 words)

	Sikhism Information,Information on Sikh Religion,Introduction of Sikhism,Know About Sikhism
		Sikhism is a monotheistic religion founded by Guru Nanak in the state of Punjab, India.
		It is a relatively new religion and was established in 16th and 17th century with the teachings of its ten Gurus.
		Sikhism comes from the word Sikh, which in turn comes from its Sanskrit root 'siya' which means "disciple" or "learner", or from the equivalent Pali word 'sikkha'.
	www.baisakhifestival.com /about-sikhism.html (452 words)

	Sikhism
		Sikhism is one of the younger faiths of the world, as compared with religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity or Islam.
		Sikhism was founded by Guru Nanak Dev Ji at the beginning of the sixteenth century.
		Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the tenth Guru, brought to an end to the line of human Gurus and in 1708, installed Guru Granth Sahib, as the permanent Guru of the Sikhs.
	www.searchsikhism.com /sikhism.html (323 words)

	Search Sikhism Home Page
		Sikhism is about 500 years old and the youngest religion in the world.
		SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI, as the permanent Guru of the Sikhs.
		In Sri Guru Granth Sahib, it is well stated that Sikhism is a separate religion rather than a sect or movement of Hinduism or Islam.
	www.searchsikhism.com (310 words)

	Ten Gurus Of Sikh, The Sikh Gurus, Guru Granth Sahib, Das Sikh Gurus, Sikh Saints, Sikh Holy People, Gurus Of Sikhism, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Guru is the Boat to carry me across the world-ocean; the Guru is the Sacred Shrine of Pilgrimage, the Guru is the Holy River.
		This honour of being called a Sikh Guru applies only to the ten Gurus who founded the religion starting with Guru Nanak in 1469 and ending with Guru Gobind Singh in 1708; thereafter it refers to the Sikh Holy Scriptures the Guru Granth Sahib.
		The divine spirit was passed from one Guru to the next as "The light of a lamp which lights another does not abate.
	www.sgpc.net /gurus/index.asp (270 words)

	The Ten Gurus of Sikhism
		Son of Guru Arjan, he perfected the dress code introduced by his father and started the tradition of wearing two swords, one signifying his political (amiri) authority and the other his religious (fakiri).
		Guru Har Krishan (1661-64): He was the second son of Guru Har Rai, who succeed his father at the age of five under unfortunate circumstances since his brother was taken away as a hostage by the Mughals.
		We are told that when he was in the prision awairing his execution, Guru Teg Bahadur predicted the coming of the Western powers to the Indian subcontinent and the downfall of the Mughals.
	hinduwebsite.com /sikhism/sikhgurus.asp (686 words)

	Sikhism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Sikhism is based on the teachings of ten Gurus (teachers or learned ones), the first of whom was Guru Nanak (1469-1539) and the last, in a human form, was Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708).
		Guru Nanak started his discourses, which ended up as a formidable and singular religion, which included the good beliefs of the two dominant religions in the region at that time, Hinduism and Islam.
		The last Guru, guru Gobind Singh, defined Sikhism as a race and a religion with the ensuing moral code: That they should add "Singh" (lion) to their name and be baptized by taking "Amrit" (holy, or "communion" water).
	www.spiritualjourneys.net /sikhism.htm (274 words)

	Sikhism Overview
		Sikhism was founded by Guru Nanak Dev (1469-1539), first of the ten gurus.
		In Sikhism, a guru is the descent of divine guidance to mankind provided through ten Enlightened Masters.
		After the death of the tenth guru, Guru Gobund Singh, in 1708, the Sikh scriptures, Granth Sahib Ji, took on the status of living guru for the Sikhs (Guru Granth Sahib Ji).
	www.faithresource.com /showcase/Sikhism/sikhismoverview.htm (1179 words)

	A Gateway to Sikhism - Welcome to Gateway to Sikhism
		Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji was given the Guruship by the last of the living Sikh Masters, Guru Gobind Singh Ji in 1708.
		Guru Gobind Singh said before his demise that the Sikhs were to treat Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji as their next Guru.
		The Guru Granth Sahib is a sacred scripture of the world and is the Eternal Guru of the Sikhs.
	www.allaboutsikhs.com (580 words)

	INDIAN MIRROR - Religions of India - Sikhism
		Sikhism owns ten Gurus who were one in spirit, though different in body.
		This phenomenon of the ten Gurus of equal spiritual rank and sharing the same revelation is peculiar to Sikhism.
		Now the Guru Granth, the sacred book that was apotheosized by the last Guru before he passed away in 1708, fulfills this office of the Guru.
	www.indianmirror.com /religions/reli4.html (765 words)

	Sikhism
		Sikhism is open to all and preaches a message of devotion and remembrance of God at all times, truthful living, equality and social justice.
		Sikhism is the youngest of the world religions and was founded in the Punjab area of India in the fifteenth century by Guru Nanak.
		The Guru Granith Sahib is the supreme spiritual authority for the Sikhs, though there are also written codes of ethics and protocol, such as the Rehit Mariydas which Sikhs are expected to obey.
	www.world-faiths.com /Sikhism/sikhism.htm (1296 words)

	Introduction to Sikhism \| A Gateway to Sikhism \| The Complete Sikhism Resource
		Sikhism rejects the concept of chosen people (as in Judaism) and caste system (as in Hinduism); it also rejects the concept of entering `Nirvana’ without the blessings of God (as in Buddhism and Jainism).
		Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth prophet of the Sikhs, urged his followers to drop caste symbols after their names and instead write a common surname: Singh, meaning lion, for men and Kaur, meaning princess for women.
		Guru Arjan, Guru Hargobind, Guru Harrai, Guru Harkrishen and Guru Gobind Singh became Gurus when they were either children or were in their teens.
	www.allaboutsikhs.com /introduction/introduction-to-sikhism.html (1687 words)

	Untitled Document
		Sikhism is the youngest of the world religions.
		The fifth guru, Arjan Des, turned from the pacificism of Nanak to a militant stance.
		Gobin Singh, the tenth guru, introduced a ritual, the baptism of the sword, and prepared the Sikhs for self-defense and war.
	www.ubfellowship.org /archive/readers/601_sikhism.htm (997 words)

	Sikhism
		Sikhism was founded in the fifteenth century by Sri Guru Nanak Dev, the first of Gurus born in Talwandi (now Nankana Sahib) in Seikhpura in the district of Lahore (in Pakistan).
		Guru Nanak tried his level best to join the Hindus and the Musalmans in one league of love to God and service to man. The cardinal doctrines of Sikhism are the unity or oneness of God and the brotherhood of man.
		Sikhism enjoins that obedience to the Guru brings release from future birth, and the attainment of eternal bliss and immortality.
	www.sivanandadlshq.org /religions/sikhism.htm (1155 words)

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