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Topic: Tenant farmer

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	Forest tenant farms: A viable model? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The active tenant farmers also said they had fulfilled their two most important initial expectations concerning tenant farming, which were to earn a decent living from the forest while working year-round, and to be their own boss.
		The tenant farmer is therefore an entrepreneur, who leases a unit of land in return for payment of stumpage fees on the wood harvested.
		Similarly, their intention to remain tenant farmers in the medium term and, for most of them, in the long term, is in itself an overall indicator of viability.
	www.cfl.scf.rncan.gc.ca /CFL-LFC/publications/activites/metayage_e.html (2296 words)

	Farmer Summary
		Farmers may also be involved in rearing cattle for meat or milk.
		A farmer engaged in raising horses or in large-scale cattle or sheep raising for meat is usually referred to as a rancher, grazier (Australia) or stockman.
		In developed nations, a farmer (as a profession) is usually defined as someone with an ownership interest in crops or livestock, and who provides labor or management in their production.
	www.bookrags.com /Farmer (1276 words)

	Farmers Without Land: The Plight of White Tenant Farmers and Sharecroppers
		Tenant farmer with mule in Lee County, Mississippi.
		By 1900, 36 percent of all white farmers in Mississippi were either tenant farmers or sharecroppers (by comparison, 85 percent of all fl farmers in 1900 did not own the land they farmed).
		While tenant farmers were perhaps somewhat better off than sharecroppers, most tenant farmers were only one bad crop away from slipping into the cycle of debt common among sharecroppers.
	mshistory.k12.ms.us /features/feature50/farmers.htm (1572 words)

	Tenant farmer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A tenant farmer is one who resides on and farms land owned by a landlord.
		Types of tenant farming include sharecropping and some forms of peonage.
		Tenant farming is distinct from the serfdom of medieval Europe, where the land and the serfs were legally inseparable.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tenant_farmer (142 words)

	Farming: receipts and expenses: tenant right
		Tenant right (or way-going) is the compensation to which a tenant farmer may be entitled, from the landlord or sometimes the incoming tenant, at the end of a tenancy.
		Where an ingoing farmer makes a payment for tenant right which includes a reduction in respect of dilapidations, the reduction should not be treated as a trading receipt but the amount of any expenditure covered by the compensation payment should be excluded in computing the trading profits.
		An outgoing farmer may claim to exclude from their trading income computation part of the amount paid for tenant right etc on the ground that it represents a premium for vacant possession.
	www.hmrc.gov.uk /manuals/bimmanual/BIM55245.htm (652 words)

	Osborn - World of the Tenant Farmer
		Tenant families lived in one of four houses on the Osborn farm during the heyday of cotton farming there in the early to mid-twentieth century.
		Tenant farmers on the Osborn farm planted in "halves": five rows for their family, and five for the owner.
		During the late-nineteenth century, many of the tenant farmers were former slaves, but in time many of these workers left for better jobs in the developing cities.
	www.texasbeyondhistory.net /osborn/world.html (1901 words)

	Salvation for the Tenant Farmer
		Under its present terms tenants may be given tiny farms and left to live in the same isolated ignorance that has been their lot for generations.
		For generations the ignorance, bad health, and lack of social responsibility of the southern tenant were attributed to the mere fact that he was a tenant rather than a landowner.
		In the alternative administration of southern tenant reform, outlined below, the natural role of technically educated farm youth would be that of salaried social and technical community leaders, not that of small peasant proprietors struggling with the burden of individual farm debt, and with the hand labor and the petty problems of a twenty-acre farm.
	newdeal.feri.org /opp/opp35104.htm (3729 words)

	News from Arkansas State University
		September 22, 2006 - Tenant farming emerged in the South after the Civil War as one means to acquire sufficient agricultural labor to work the land.
		Through this system, a landowner leases acreage to a farmer, or tenant, in return for a percentage of crops (called crop rent) or cash payments (called cash rent).
		Sharecroppers are tenant farmers who lack equipment and capital, which have to be provided by landlords.
	asunews.astate.edu /STFUtenant.htm (209 words)

	Tenant farmer Summary
		Tenant farmers, who usually owned some equipment or resources that placed them in a stronger bargaining position than sharecroppers, rented the land, maintaining control of the crop until "settling up" time, when landlords received their payment.
		Tenant farmers typically enjoyed a higher social status than sharecroppers, and were subject to less control by the landlord.
		Although most sharecropping and tenant arrangements included some form of housing, farmers were otherwise expected to provide their own food, clothing, and other essentials.
	www.bookrags.com /Tenant_farmer (1220 words)

	THE HUNTING FARMER
		Farmers do see even this done, and live through it without open warfare; but they should not be put to such trials of temper or pocket too often.
		The farmer whom we have now before us shall wear the old fl coat, and the old fl hat, and the white top boots,-- rather daubed in their whiteness; --and he shall be the genuine farmer of the old school.
		As to riding, there is the ambitious farmer and the unambitious farmer; the farmer who rides hard,--that is, ostensibly hard,--and the farmer who is simply content to know where the hounds are, and to follow them at a distance which shall maintain him in that knowledge.
	www.xmission.com /~drudy/fox/trollope/trollop4.html (1894 words)

	SSR 65-8
		The pertinent facts with regard to the claimant's interest in the farm, and the operation of the farm, are as follows: The claimant and her brother, in 1954, pooled their funds and purchased, as partners, 500 acres of farm land.
		Pursuant to the express terms of the written agreement, the claimant and her brother (as partners) furnished all seed necessary for the small grains and corn crops; they also furnished all necessary fertilizer and the machinery and equipment for the farming operation.
		Aside from furnishing his labor the tenant assumed little or no management responsibility in the operation of the farm; the partnership, through the brother, exercised a high degree of management, made practically all the important decisions, and financed the operation to a large extent.
	www.ssa.gov /OP_Home/rulings/oasi/47/SSR65-08-oasi-47.html (881 words)

	SSR 72-47
		R, a self-employed tenant farmer, had entered into a sharecropping arrangement whereby the landowner permitted him, an experienced tobacco farmer, to produce the 1970 crop on the landowner's tobacco acreage, free from any direction or control.
		The tenant farmer was paid by the utility company an amount based on his share of the proceeds from the sale of tobacco during 1969 from the plot he was to work in 1970.
		At issue is whether the $3,000 crop settlement received by R as a farm operator when he was required to discontinue his tobacco growing activities on the farm, pursuant to a sharecropping agreement made with the landowner, in includable in computing his gross earnings from self-employment.
	www.ssa.gov /OP_Home/rulings/oasi/47/SSR72-47-oasi-47.html (490 words)

	29CFR780.780.330 - Sharecroppers and tenant farmers.
		True independent- contractor sharecroppers or tenant farmers who actually control their farm operations are not employees, but if they employ other workers they may be responsible as employers under the Act.
		(c) Where a tenant or sharecropper is found to be an employee, he and any members of his family who work with him on the crop are also to be included in the 500 man-day count of the owner or operator of the farm.
		Thus, where a sharecropper is an employee and his wife and children help in chopping cotton, all the family members are employees of the farm owner or operator and all their man-days of work are counted.
	www.dol.gov /dol/allcfr/ESA/Title_29/Part_780/29CFR780.330.htm (436 words)

	The FSA, Farm Security Administration Helps Tenant Farmers
		Farmers who had been renting a small parcel of land and farming it with horses were displaced by the landowner who now only needed one farmer and a tractor instead of several with horses.
		Walter Ballard was a tenant farmer in Texas working with horses and "making a decent living." Then the landlord "seen he could buy tractors up," and Walter quotes the landlord as saying, "'You get off.
		The loan program was the main effort of the agency and thousands of tenant farmers were able to stay on the land because of them.
	www.livinghistoryfarm.org /farminginthe30s/water_13.html (431 words)

	Global Vision News Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Three extension farmers belonging to the ZTA, the umbrella body for mostly large-scale commercial farmers, monitor tenant growers on a monthly basis while two other ZTA members monitor the progress of the intermediate tenant farmers.
		Joubert said when farmers were promoted from the intermediate tenant stage, this was an indication that they could now secure loans directly from banks.
		Small-scale farmers are increasingly reluctant to continue growing tobacco because of escalating input costs and the 1.5 percent tobacco levy collected from growers and merchants by the government.
	www.gvnews.net /demo/html/BusinessNewsAlert/alert5.html (557 words)

	Discovering the Lost History of Irish Tenant Farmers Through Analysis of Historic Earthenware Ceramics / Senior Thesis ...
		Irish tenant farmers generally raised potatoes as their main crop and their survival hinged almost entirely on the success of potato cultivation (King 1973:64).
		These tenant farmers became landlords themselves by subdividing their land for extra income and renting to subleasors: a landless laborer would rent an acre of land for a season, while a cottier rented from five to fifteen acres (Coleman 1999:32).
		Class relations between peasants renting from landowners or graziers as opposed to cottiers or landless farmers subletting from other tenant farmers were often as strained as those of the landowner and tenant farmer.
	www.soa.ilstu.edu /anthropology/theses/amzilic/thesispaper.htm (6588 words)

	tenant
		Most tenants were tenants 'at will ', which meant they could be evicted at the 'will' of the landlord.
		Some had a lease for the life of the father and the eldest son, and this meant they were relatively safe from eviction as long as they could pay their rent.
		The dependency of so much of the population on the Potato as their sole source of food was to prove disastrous during the Famine years.
	www.youririshroots.com /tenant.htm (867 words)

	Tom Farmer ( - ) Artwork Images, Exhibitions, Reviews
		Kunisada, Nakamura Shikan III as the farmer Yasaku, 1861 - 1867
		Unidentified, [Ichikawa Danjuro VII as the farmer Shikazo], 1810 - 1815
		Moses, a farmer and homemaker from upstate New York who became one of the most respected folk artists of the pre-World War II period, was also one of the first artists to become a media superstar and probably the best known woman artist of her...
	wwar.com /masters/f/farmer-tom.html (1264 words)

	TESTIMONY OF OTIS NATION, DIRECTOR, 0KLAHOMA TENANT FARMERS' UNION
		This report is made in behalf of the members of the Oklahoma Tenant Farmers' Union, affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations.
		But at harvest time the farmer sold his wheat for 46 cents to 60 cents per bushel, depending on the grade This, we were told, was due to the war.
		The Oklahoma Tenant Farmers' Union of the United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing and Allied Workers of America affiliated with the C.I.O. are helping and will work with this committee and with all other good Americans in solving this, America's No. 1 problem, the reclaiming of our most exploited group of citizens--the migratory workers.
	newdeal.feri.org /tolan/tol07.htm (1855 words)

	J-F-04-Week3b
		As the plaque reads: "This Mule and Tenant Farmer statue is dedicated in memory of the men and the beasts of burden upon whose backs much of the economy of the South, and Georgia in particular, was based for many years after the Civil War.
		Along with the Mule and Tenant Farmer statue, the 2003 Georgia National Fair debuted a "History of the Mule in Georgia" exhibit in the adjacent Miller-Murphy-Howard Building.
		Many generations to come will be reminded of the important part played by the mule and tenant farmer and agriculture in general when visiting the Georgia National Fairgrounds and Agricenter.
	www.georgia-festivals.com /html/j-f-04-week3b.html (478 words)

	Poplar Grove Plantation - the tenant farmer's cabin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		If the tenant houses had ceilings, and if the walls were finished in either wood or plaster, the occupants were extremely lucky.
		In many cases tenant houses were only weather boarded and the rooms separated by a single wall.
		Even if the tenant farmer had an iron bedstead, his bedding was likely a 'pallet', a sack stuffed with sweet grass, hay or corn shucks.
	www.poplargrove.com /tenant.htm (330 words)

	farmer - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Agriculture, art, science, and industry of managing the growth of plants and animals for human use.
		Agriculture, decline in number of farmers and impacts, farm workers, GI Bill, Great Depression, information and education, McNary-Haugen Farm...
		agriculturalist, grower, rancher, tenant farmer, sharecropper, dairy farmer, truck farmer, agronomist, planter, agrarian, crofter, smallholder,...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /farmer.html (98 words)

	Cotton to Cloth Answer Key to Assessment/Extension Questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Small landowners lost their farms and had to become tenant farmers or sharecroppers on their own land.
		A tenant farmer is one who farms another's land and pays rent usually in a share of the crops that are harvested.
		The tenant farmers suffered and eventually were forced to seek outside jobs to survive.
	www.discovercarolina.com /html/s04history04a03a.html (394 words)

	Southern Tenant Farmer's Union
		The Southern Tenant Farmer's Union (STFU) was an interracial organization founded in Arkansas on July 11, 1935 by sharecroppers with the help of the Socialist party.
		Its intention was to seek relief from the federal government for sharecroppers and tenant farmers, two groups that had clearly not benefitted from New Deal agricultural policies and that were growing more desperate as the depression worsened.
		Government officials did little to alleviate the needs of the tenant farmers, until Rexford Tugwell brought the problem to FDR's attention in 1935.
	www.nps.gov /elro/glossary/southern-tenant-farmers-union.htm (474 words)

	Osborn Main
		This single pen log cabin housed African-American slaves during the 1850s and 1860s and was later used by Mexican-American tenant farmers after the Osborn family purchased the property.
		Over time, the various tenant families lived in the structures dating to the Castleman/Jones era as well as in the small board-and-batten house (shown in the top picture) built by Osborn in the northwest corner of the farm.
		Between 1906 and 1954, the Osborn tenants annually cultivated approximately 100 acres of the 327-acre farm in cotton, using the remainder for grazing and homesteads.
	www.texasbeyondhistory.net /osborn (1555 words)

	Farmers Without Land: The Plight of White Tenant Farmers and Sharecroppers
		Many Mississippi farmers found themselves tied to this particular system of farming and it only perpetuated the impoverished circumstances of farmers without farms.
		The teacher will place the words tenant farmer and sharecropper on the chalkboard.
		Allow students to research the farming industry in the counties where sharecropping and tenant farming was prevalent.
	teacherexchange.mde.k12.ms.us /MHNLP/farmerswolandlp.htm (551 words)

	Sharecropping - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The typical form of sharecropping is generally seen as exploitative, particularly with large holdings of land where there is evident disparity of wealth between the parties.
		White farmers, who owned most of the land, were frequently unable to work the whole of their farm for lack of capital.
		The 1913 Natives Land Act outlawed the ownership of land by fls in areas designated for white ownership, and effectively reduced the status of most sharecroppers to tenant farmers and then to farm labourers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sharecropping (785 words)

	Horg Rural Book History 5
		Already then it was a tenant farmer under Midtlyngen, named with that surname, but more about this somewhere else.
		The soil-book of 1661 also shows only one farmer at Medlonge, and he was responsible for the lease as mentioned.
		To his death Iver Andersen was the freehold farmer at Melyngen, the later years of only half of it.
	web2.airmail.net /mitlyng6/midt_hist5.html (1682 words)

	Photographs from the FSA and OWI
		His first assigment was to document the lives of some Virginia farmers who were being evicted to make way for the Shenandoah National Park and about to be relocated by the Resettlement Administration, and subsequent trips took him to the Dust Bowl and to cattle ranches in Montana.
		The immediate incentive for his February 1937 assignment came from the interest generated by congressional consideration of farm tenant legislation sponsored in the Senate by John H. Bankhead, a moderate Democrat from Alabama with a strong interest in agriculture.
		During 1937, the agency purchased the old Pettway plantation and two adjacent farms, divided the land, and rented it to the tenants.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/fsahtml/fachap05.html (1567 words)

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