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	Tengiz Field - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tengiz field, in western Kazakhstan, is located in the swamplands along the northeast shores of the Caspian Sea.
		Oil from the Tengiz field is primarily routed to the Russian Black Sea port of Novorossiysk through the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) project.
		The oil reservoir at Tengiz occupies an immense build-up of limestone, essentially a large atoll or reef built on the margin of the deep North Caspian Basin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tengiz_Field (453 words)

	Kazakhstan Tengiz
		Tengiz lies on the northeast Caspian shore at the western edge of the steppes and is subject therefore to temperature extremes, 44° C.
		The Tengiz oil field, discovered in 1979, is the largest discovered in the last 25 years.
		Since Tengiz is land locked and constrained to LPG export by rail, logistics are a key consideration.
	www.lngplants.com /KazakhTengiz.htm (4033 words)

	BakuSun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The sulfur is a byproduct of the poisonous hydrogen sulfide gas found along with the oil pumped at Tengiz, an area of semi-desert where this former swath of the Soviet Union meets the Caspian Sea in central Asia.
		Khakimov said a blowout in 1986 at an oil well in the area near Tengiz killed about a million birds, and he alleged that workers here have died at twice the rate for the rest of the region since TengizChevroil took over the field eight years ago.
		A Soviet-era project to irrigate cotton fields with water from the Aral Sea is turning the inland sea on Kazakstan’s border with Uzbekistan into a crater.
	www.bakusun.az /cgi-bin/ayten/bakusun/show.cgi?code=1871 (865 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Chevron plans for disposition of sulphur and gas at Tengiz field (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Winterton also said that TCO hoped to stop flaring associated gas at Tengiz in 2005, when the second phase of development work at the field is due to begin.
		The Tengiz field is expected to yield about 12 mm tons of oil this year.
		The field is oneof the biggest in the world and may require up to $ 20 bn in investment.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/company/cnc14781.htm (434 words)

	Hydrocarbons Technology - TengizChevrOil (TCO) Sour Gas Injection and Second Generation Project, Tengiz Oil Field - ...
		The oil pressure when the field was first tapped was 12,000psi but in 2004 the pressure is down to 10,000psi in most areas and 8,500in others.
		A total investment of $20 billion is envisaged for the duration of the 40 years of the Tengiz oil field venture.
		The Tengiz expansion projects were almost shelved altogether during a breakdown in relations between TengizChevrOil and the Kazakhstani government in 2002.
	www.hydrocarbons-technology.com /projects/tengiz_chevr_oil (1140 words)

	ChevronTexaco To Invest $3 Billion In Kazakhstan
		Earlier, in July, Khabar reported that a petroleum refinery of the second generation may be built at the Tengiz field.
		Tengiz, one of the world's largest oil fields, contains 6 to 9 billion barrels of recoverable oil.
		The Tengizchevroil joint venture, the company which operates the Tengiz field, was formed in 1993 and now ChevronTexaco's equity interest in it is 50 percent.
	www.rense.com /general29/chevrontexacotoinvest.htm (349 words)

	Kazakhstan - Energy
		The offshore Kashagan field is being explored by Agip, a subsidiary of Italy's ENI.
		The Uzen oil and gas field is an older field that is operated by Uzenmunaigaz, a subsidiary of Kazmunaigaz.
		A 900-mile section of the CPC Pipeline, from the Tenghiz oil field to the Russian Black Sea port of Novorossiisk, was completed in March 2001 at a cost of $2.6 billion and was officially opened in November 2001.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/centralasia/kazak-energy.htm (2699 words)

	Chevron Press Release - Tengizchevroil Announces Tengiz Field Expansion Project; $250 Million Contract
		The project represents the third major expansion of the Tengiz Field since Chevron and Kazakhstan formed the Tengizchevroil joint venture in 1993.
		Tengiz currently produces about 160,000 barrels of oil per day (7.3 million tons per year).
		The Tengiz processing complex separates crude oil from natural gas and removes hydrogen sulfide, which is converted to sulfur.
	www.chevron.com /news/archive/chevron_press/1997/97-07-16.asp (397 words)

	A sickening experience in the Kazakhstan oil fields (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Kazakhstan is brutally hot and bug-infested in the summer and brutally cold in the winter, and Tengiz is notorious for its high H2S concentrations.
		She quotes Dr. Mózsa Szabolcs, a physician who examined a number of sick workers, as saying that "symptoms of the mucous membranes, the respiratory tracts, the eyes and the intestinal tracts and anomalies of the nervous system point to the presence of low-concentration gas as the real cause" of the illnesses.
		In April 1993, Chevron and the newly independent republic of Kazakhstan formed a partnership known as Tengizchevroil to extract and process the estimated 6 billion to 9 billion barrels of oil in the Tengiz field.
	chron.com /content/chronicle/aol-metropolitan/97/12/14/gabe.3-0.html (1434 words)

	082201
		TENGIZ, Kazakhstan -- Sometime in the next few weeks, a tanker will set out into the Black Sea loaded with oil from Kazakhstan's massive Tengiz field, marking a commercial triumph for the U.S.-led consortium that runs it.
		The ceremony was scheduled to coincide with the loading of the first tanker carrying Tengiz crude, but when that event seemed unlikely to take place before September and disputes among the 11 owners of CPC failed to be resolved in time, the event was indefinitely postponed.
		Extracting a barrel of Tengiz oil costs about $3, and the cost of transporting it to the Black Sea has been $6; it will drop to $3 when the switch is made from trains to the CPC.
	www.kazakhembus.com /082201.html (985 words)

	Parker Drilling Company
		TENGIZ OIL FIELD, Kazakstan -- Despite its harsh desert climate and legacy of communist rule, Kazakstan is a rare oasis of optimism in the economic wasteland of the former Soviet Union.
		A newly completed pipeline connecting Tengiz to an export terminal on Russia's Black Sea coast is an integral part of plans to more than double the field's output to 700,000 barrels a day.
		Kazakstan has other commercial oil fields, but Tengiz is by far its largest with proven reserves of 6 billion to 9 billion barrels.
	www.parkerdrilling.com /newsroom/coverage_chayvo.html (1038 words)

	The St. Petersburg Times - Business - Kazakhstan Field's Riches Come With a Price (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		TENGIZ, Kazakhstan - Viewed from an approaching helicopter, the enormous slabs of canary-yellow sulfur reflect the desert sun like flattened gold bars, dwarfing the shiny processing plants of the world's sixth-largest oil field set on the parched shores of the Caspian Sea.
		Tengiz may mean sea in Kazakh, but for Chevron the Caspian Sea is tragically flawed because it is closed.
		It was designed to coincide with the loading of the first tanker with Tengiz crude, but when that event seemed unlikely to take place on time and minor disputes between the 11 owners of CPC failed to be resolved in time, the ceremony was postponed.
	www.sptimes.ru /story/5705 (1733 words)

	International Market Research - Oil and Gas Field Equipment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		U.S. oil and gas field equipment suppliers have the potential for solid growth over the next decade as new fields are brought on stream and secondary recovery methods are introduced to existing deposits.
		Tengiz - one of the largest discoveries in the world over the past 30 years, holds an estimated nine billion barrels of recoverable reserves.
		Reserves at the Karachaganak field, which is being developed under a PSA, are estimated at 1.2 billion tones of oil and condensate and 1.35 trillion cubic meters of gas.
	strategis.ic.gc.ca /epic/internet/inimr-ri.nsf/en/gr114924e.html (7799 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: Pipe Dreams - The Struggle for Caspian Oil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Tuesday, October 6, 1998; Page A1 TENGIZ OIL FIELD, Kazakhstan – In late January, as most of Washington fixated on bawdy revelations about a former White House intern and the president of the United States, a top Clinton administration expert on Central Asia flew to Moscow for urgent meetings with senior Russian officials.
		They called it Tengiz, the Kazakh word for "sea." But Tengiz's sea of oil lay unusually deep, as much as three miles below a salt dome that itself was 900 yards thick.
		Tengiz was indeed a jewel – one which, like the Hope Diamond, often brought trouble to its possessor.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/inatl/europe/caspian100698.htm (1140 words)

	Kazakhstan Country Analysis Brief (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In April 2003, a pipeline spur southward to Atyrau was completed that connects the Karachaganak field to Kazakhstan's primary export pipeline, the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) project.
		The Kashagan field, the largest oil field outside the Middle East and the fifth largest in the world (in terms of reserves), is located off the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, near the city of Atyrau (see Map 1).
		Finally, TengizChevroil, the Chevron Texaco-operated venture developing the Tengiz gas field announced in early 2004 that it had started construction of a new gas refinery as part of its "second generation" project that is due to go on line in 2006.
	www.eia.doe.gov /emeu/cabs/kazak.html (6624 words)

	Tengiz - tectonic setting (abstract) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Tengiz Field occupies an immense Late Paleozoic carbonate buildup in the eastern part of the North Caspian Basin.
		The basement in the eastern part of the basin is inferred from its magnetic character to be shallower than, or of fundamentally different composition from the central and western portions of the basin, or both.
		Interestingly, the main magnetic anomaly at Tengiz is a low, signifying that the basement there is of lower magnetic susceptibility than in adjacent areas, but the higher frequency of the anomalies indicates somewhat shallower depth.
	www.gravmag.com /tengiz.html (433 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Sulphur to be processes and sold from Tengiz field (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The sulphur is a by-product of crude oil processed at Tengiz plants.
		While extracting a barrel of Tengiz oil costs about $ 3, the cost of transporting it by rail cars is $ 6 per barrel.
		This is a showcase project in a region that is one of the few places on Earth with the potential reserves to offer a viable alternative to the Middle East.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/ntc14702.htm (337 words)

	Asia Society: Speeches
		The Tengiz Field was discovered by the Soviets in 1979.
		Tengiz has the potential to produce up to 9 billion barrels of oil over 40 years.
		By cooperating with governments of the region to transport Tengiz oil, Chevron already is proving the viability of these corridors.
	www.asiasociety.org /speeches/derr.html (3040 words)

	CaspianSea 06:2000 Explorer
		The site is the 480-square-mile Kashagan Field, and initial estimates place its reserves at from eight billion to more than 50 billion barrels of oil.
		The firm indicated reserves for the field are expected to fall in the 14 to 25 trillion cubic feet of gas range.
		Tengiz was a prize worth fighting for, however, with an estimated six to nine billion barrels of recoverable oil and an estimated 25 billion barrels of oil in place from a structure 12 miles wide and 13 miles long.
	www.aapg.org /explorer/2000/06jun/caspian_sea.cfm (2414 words)

	Kazakhstan and Oil
		One of the world's largest oil fields, the Tengiz in western Kazakhstan, was discovered in 1979.
		The Tengiz discovery dramatically altered oil exploration potential for the region as a whole.
		Because of the aforementioned deep sediment cover (up to 24 km) and the fact that the Tengiz field is the biggest of the super giants, some journals believe the project marks a new stage in oil exploration.
	www.american.edu /ted/kazakh.htm (2941 words)

	WHAT WAS MOBIL UP TO IN KAZAKHSTAN?
		In a swap, the title to oil in one location is transferred to oil of an equivalent value that may be hundreds, or even thousands, of miles away.
		The Tengiz oil field is one of the most important finds since Alaska's Prudhoe Bay, in 1968.
		Tengiz was not put into systematic production until the early nineteen-nineties, when newly independent Kazakhstan sold a half interest of the field to Chevron, the American oil company.
	www.whatreallyhappened.com /mobil.html (2163 words)

	ChevronTexaco Operations in Kazakhstan Model Destructive Potential of Oil Exploitation. Drillbits & Tailings ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The sulfur is a byproduct of poisonous hydrogen sulfide gas found along with the oil that is pumped at Tengiz, a semi-desert environment where this former part of the Soviet Union meets the Caspian Sea in central Asia.
		In recent months, a potential of 10 billion barrels of oil reserves was identified offshore at the Kasagan field giving Kazakhstan the potential to become one of the world's 10 biggest oil producers.
		Khakimov alleges that workers at the Tengiz oil field have died at twice the rate for the rest of the region since TengizChevroil took over the field eight years ago.
	www.moles.org /ProjectUnderground/drillbits/6_10/1.html (700 words)

	Asia Times: Chevron faces losing out in oil-rich Kazakhstan
		On April 25, the Kazakh government accused Tengizchevroil, a joint venture extracting oil from the country's massive Tengiz field, of various environmental offenses.
		Tengiz is one of the world's largest oil fields, with estimated reserves of 6 billion to 9 billion barrels.
		The field is expected to produce enough petroleum to supply the bulk of the Tengiz-Novorossiysk pipeline's 1.34 million barrels daily capacity.
	www.atimes.com /c-asia/CD15Ag01.html (743 words)

	Kazakh Oil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Tengiz is operated by TengizChevroil, a joint venture between the Kazakh government oil company and Chevron first formed in 1993..
		The Tengiz field is one of the largest in the world, with 6 to 9 billion barrels of reserves.
		In the long term, exports from Tengiz are expected to increase to 1.3 million barrels per day by 2010.
	www.wws.princeton.edu /wws401c/1998/koil.html (206 words)

	The ABB Group: ABB wins major Tengiz field expansion contracts
		The five-year deal, with options to extend, is valued at 30 million USD and also includes establishing a service center at Tengiz for the exclusive use of TCO.
		The onshore Tengiz Field, to the north-east of the Caspian Sea, is described as one of the world’s largest "super giants", with six to nine billion barrels of recoverable oil and significant reserves of associated gas.
		The majority of the field service workforce will be Kazakh nationals, and ABB will conduct significant on-site training and development of local personnel.
	www.abb.com /cawp/seitp202/FD53347826055C0FC1256B65005724EF.aspx (292 words)

	WE'VE TRIED TO MAKE THIS DAY COME AS SOON AS POSSIBLE
		Tengiz field was discovered in 1979 and is one of the largest in the world.
		Chevron has described the export pipeline as important to oil fields in the region, including one of the world's largest, Tengiz Field, with estimated recoverable reserves of 6 billion to 9 billion barrels.
		And I'd like to note that Tengiz oil is sold at a higher price than the standard Urals.
	www.kazakhembus.com /files/Interview_Matzke.htm (1367 words)

	The price of oil
		The Tengiz oil field is one of the most important finds since Alaskas’s Prudhoe Bay, in 1968.
		Mobil began negotiating the purchase of a stake in the Tengiz field in 1995.
		Oil from Tengiz would be sent by rail to the Kazakh port of Aktau, on the Caspian Sea.
	iicas.org /english/Krsten_05_07_01.htm (10039 words)

	BakuSun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Cases such as Zhekenov’s, involving a major American company at the giant Tengiz field, are fueling growing resentment among Kazakhs who accuse foreign oil giants of routinely circumventing the law and Kazakh authorities of ignoring misdeeds in an effort to keep the investment coming.
		He said he was arriving on the job in June 1998 to operate pumping machinery when he first caught a whiff of the rotten-egg odor given off by highly toxic hydrogen sulfide, a gas that permeates the heavy oil at Tengiz and must be removed to render the oil usable.
		The court judgment in the case found the original diagnosis of heat stroke was based on a few symptoms shared with hydrogen sulfide poisoning, not on a thorough examination.
	www.bakusun.az /cgi-bin/ayten/bakusun/show.cgi?code=6232 (724 words)

	Pravda.RU:Tengizchevroil Awaits Approval For SGP At Huge Tengiz Field In Kazakhstan
		'The authorisation of the project is tied to the approval of the technological scheme of developing the field,' he added.
		Experts say the giant onshore field in western Kazakhstan holds recoverable reserves of six to nine billion barrels.
		Kazakhstan, a vast resource-rich Central Asian state of 15 million sprawling between Russia and China, is pinning its hopes of future prosperity on projects like TCO and plans to triple its oil output in 15 years from the current 900,000 bpd.
	newsfromrussia.com /comp/2002/07/05/31902_.html (589 words)

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