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Topic: Vowel tenseness

	Vowel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tenseness is used to describe the opposition of tense vowels as in leap, suit vs. lax vowels as in lip, soot.
		The different vowel qualities are realized in acoustic analyses of vowels by the relative values of the formants, acoustic resonances of the vocal tract which show up as dark bands on a spectrogram.
		In tonal languages, in most cases the tone of a syllable is carried by the vowel, meaning that the relative pitch or the pitch contour that marks the tone is superimposed on the vowel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vowel (3593 words)

	Tenseness - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tenseness is a term used in phonology to describe a particular vowel quality that is phonemically contrastive in many languages, including English.
		Tense vowels are sometimes claimed to be articulated with a more advanced tongue root than lax vowels, but this varies, and in some languages it is the lax vowels that are more advanced, or a single language may be inconsistent between front and back or high and mid vowels (Ladefoged and Maddieson 1996, 302–4).
		Tenseness is especially used to explain stop consonants of the Alemannic German dialects because they have two series of them that are identically voiceless and unaspirated.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tenseness (593 words)

	Vowel - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In phonetics, a vowel is a sound in spoken language that is characterized by an open configuration of the vocal tract, in contrast to consonants, which are characterized by a constriction or closure at one or more points along the vocal tract.
		Furthermore, in English some vowel sounds are represented by combinations of vowel letters, such as the ea in beat or by a vowel letter and an approximant letter, as the ow in how, or the er in her.
		Vowels are especially important to the structures of words in languages that have very few consonants (like Polynesian languages such as Maori and Hawaiian), and in languages whose inventory of vowels is larger than its inventory of consonants (like Sedang, a relative of Vietnamese, which contrasts 55 different vowel qualities).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Vowel (2056 words)

	Vowel - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The additional requirement is that vowels function as syllabic units: it is this criterion that helps distinguish vowels from approximants (in some languages approximants may be slightly more constricted or less intense).
		However, some languages allow sounds that wouldn't normally be classified as vowels to form the nucleus of a syllable, such as the sound of l in the English word table (the final e is not pronounced), or the sound of r in the Czech word vrba (meaning "willow").
		Vowels are especially important to the structures of words in languages that have very few consonants (like Polynesian languages such as Maori and Hawaiian), and in languages whose inventory of vowels is larger than its inventory of consonants.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/v/o/w/Vowel.html (3292 words)

	Vowel info here at en.89-of-100.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Tenseness is used to state the clash of tense vowels as in leap, habit vs. lax vowels as in lip, soot.
		In tonal languages, in lowermost line cases the strength of a syllable is carried by the vowel, intimation that the concerning angle or the angle contour that smudges the strength is superimposed on the vowel.
		Vowels are oddly influential to the structures of words in languages that have very exiguous consonants (like Polynesian languages such as Maori & Hawaiian), & in languages whose inventories of vowels are larger than their inventories of consonants.
	en.89-of-100.info /Vowel (3666 words)

	vowel Information Center - pronunciation english vowel
		The different vowel qualities the great vowel shift are realized in acoustic analyses of vowels by the relative values of the formants, acoustic resonances of the vocal tract which show up as dark bands on a spectrogram.
		In tonal languages, in most cases the tone of a syllable is carried vowel movement by the vowel, meaning that the relative pitch or the pitch contour that marks the tone is superimposed on the vowel.
		Vowels are especially important to the structures of words in languages that have very few consonants (like Polynesian languages vowels pronunciation such as Maori and Hawaiian), and in languages whose inventory of vowels is larger than its inventory of consonants.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Linguistic_Topics_U_-_Z/vowel.html (3414 words)

	Vowel - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In front vowels, such as Template:IPA, the tongue is positioned forward in the mouth, whereas in back vowels, such as Template:IPA, the tongue is positioned towards the back of the mouth.
		Long vowels are written in the IPA with a triangular colon, which has two equilateral triangles pointing at each other in place of dots (Template:IPA).
		For example, the vowel sounds in a two-syllable pronunciation of the word flower (BrE Template:IPA AmE Template:IPA) phonetically form a dissyllabic triphthong, but are phonologically a sequence of a diphthong (represented by the letters ) and a monophthong (represented by the letters ).
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Vowel (3381 words)

	Tungusic Research Group: About the Languages: Section 3
		In general the rules of harmony of harmony are: 1) All the vowels in a word must have the same ATR value; that is, all the vowels must be lax or all must be tense.
		In 1a, both the vowels are lax (as predicted by the first rule of harmony) and there are no unround vowels to the right of a round vowel (as predicted by the second rule).
		The diminutive represents a suffix with an underlying unround vowel.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~trg/languages/section3.html (2149 words)

	Spanish Tenses -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Tense vowels may also be articulated with a more advanced tongue root than lax vowels.
		Tense, along with mood, voice and person, are three ways in which verb forms are frequently characterized, in languages where those categories apply.
		The more complex tenses in Indo-European languages are formed by combining a particular tense of the verb with certain verbal auxiliaries, the most common of which are various forms of "be", various forms of "have", and modal auxiliaries such as English ''will''.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/138/spanish-tenses.html (1496 words)

	Syllable - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The syllable nucleus is typically a sonorant, usually a vowel sound, in the form of a monophthong, diphthong, or triphthong, but sometimes including consonants like [l] and [r].
		The syllable onset is the sound(s) occurring before the nucleus, and the syllable coda is the sound(s) occurring after the nucleus.
		Therefore, these vowels are also called checked vowels, as opposed to the tense vowels that are called free vowels because they can occur in open syllables.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Syllable (698 words)

	Vowel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In phonetics, a vowel is a sound in spoken language that is characterized by an open configuration of the vocal tract where there is no build-up of air pressure above the glottis, in contrast to consonants, which are characterized by a constriction or closure at one or more points along the vocal tract.
		Height refers to either the position of the tongue relative to the roof of the mouth or the aperture of the jaw.
		For example, English has 14â“20 vowels (including diphthongs) depending on dialect, and Swedish has the most distinct vowel qualities in the height-backness-roundedness spectrum, with 17 different monophthongs.
	games.abcworld.net /Vowel (2899 words)

	Effects on OQ
		There is also no definitive dependency on tenseness - generally, OQ was found to be lower for tense vowels within stressed tokens, whereas in unstressed tokens it varies from vowel to vowel.
		In several languages, tense vowels are more breathy than lax ones, and therefore we would expect to find a higher OQ for tense vowels.
		The effect of tenseness is statistically weaker and an interaction between stress and tenseness factors occurs.
	www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de /phonetik/EGG/pagel8.htm (1220 words)

	Chapter 4
		The place of articulation of one vowel is dependent on the place of articulation of neighboring vowels
		For most vowels in American English that are followed by "r", the vowel is changed but retains its quality.
		Tense vowels are produced with a greater degree of muscular effort than lax vowels
	chss.montclair.edu /linguistics/lingpage/faculty/fitz/phonet/chap4.htm (227 words)

	Results overview
		The effects of stress and tenseness were significant for certain EGG parameters.
		For these parameters results are collected for all EGG waveform periods (starting from the third period of the vowel and ending in its penultimate period) of all vowels for all speakers, This yields ca.
		Such prepared data are made subject to the ANOVA analysis which investigates the distribution of the variance regarding gender, vowel, stress and tenseness factors, as well as the dependency on measurement repetition.
	www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de /phonetik/EGG/pagel6.htm (662 words)

	Syllable info here at en.88of100d.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The syllable nucleus is typically a sonorant, ordinarily a vowel sound, in the of a monophthong, diphthong, or triphthong, but at intervals sonorant consonants commensurable [l] or [r].
		In languages, together with English, a consonant may be analyzed as interim simultaneously as the coda of alone syllable und the onset of the following syllable, a rarity established as ambisyllabicity.
		Therefore, these vowels are more inquiryed vowels, as opposed to the tense vowels that are for nothing vowels for they can occur in yawning syllables.
	en.88of100d.info /Syllable (1441 words)

	Syllable info here at en.89-of-100.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The syllable nucleus is typically a sonorant, as stock a vowel sound, in the framework of a monophthong, diphthong, or triphthong, but constantly sonorant consonants geminate [l] or [r].
		In fuss languages, with English, a consonant may be analyzed as ad interim simultaneously as the coda of singular syllable 'n the onset of the following syllable, a sight established as ambisyllabicity.
		Therefore, these vowels are with hailed checkuped vowels, as opposed to the tense vowels that are hailed cuffo vowels due to they can occur in naked syllables.
	en.89-of-100.info /Syllable (1437 words)

	[o] vs. [oU] and [e] vs. [eI] \| Antimoon Forum
		The thing is that NAE and AusE have fundamentally different vowel systems across the board, which treat tenseness and length in very different manner.
		NAE treats vowel tenseness as the primary distinctive attribute of vowel phones here, whereas AusE treats vowel length or diphthongalization as the primary distinctive attribute of vowel phones.
		Likewise, vowel length in NAE is allophonic, whereas tenseness in AusE is allophonic.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/t1830-0.htm (1144 words)

	szigetvári's courses phonolect schedule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		23/02: phonetic classifications of English vowel sounds: high/close vs. low/open (vs. mid), front vs. back (vs. central), rounded vs. unrounded, tense vs. lax, short vs. long, monophthong vs. diphthong, falling vs. rising diphthongs, closing vs. centring (vs. opening) diphthongs; different analyses of vowel contrasts: tenseness, length, or both
		23/03: vowel shift; the problem of [ju:]; sound values of vowel graphemes (tense and lax, plain and broken/broad)
		04/05: the vowel of unstressed syllables; neutralization; syllabic consonants; syncope; the sonority hierarchy and its relevance to syllabification
	seas3.elte.hu /szigetva/courses/phonolect/schedule.html (395 words)

	questions for the comprehensive examination in English linguistics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The nature of head movement in tensed clauses and questions.
		The vowels and consonants from OE to PdE
		The vocalic system: umlaut; the Great Vowel Shift (a push or a drag chain, affected class of vowels); pre-R changes (breaking, broadening); Germanic stress vs. Romance stress and its relevance for the PdE system of stress; the consonant system: allophones vs. phonemes (grammaticalisation): e.g.
	www.btk.elte.hu /seas/studies/exams/ANN-259_questions.html (824 words)

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