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Topic: Tensor tympani

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	X. The Organs of the Senses and the Common Integument. 1d. 3. The Auditory Ossicles. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the ...
		The vestibular surface and the circumference of the base of the stapes are covered with hyaline cartilage; that encircling the base is attached to the margin of the fenestra vestibuli by a fibrous ring, the annular ligament of the base of the stapes (lig.
		The Tensor tympani, the larger, is contained in the bony canal above the osseous portion of the auditory tube, from which it is separated by the septum canalis musculotubarii.
		The Tensor tympani is supplied by a branch from the mandibular through the otic ganglion, and the Stapedius by a branch from the facial.
	www.bartleby.com /107/231.html (1910 words)

	[No title]
		The ossicular muscles, the stapedius and the tensor tympani, enable reflex damping of sound transmission in response to abrupt noises and in anticipation of loud vocalization by reducing ossicle movement.
		Innervation of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles is by the trigeminal and facial nerves, respectively.
		The scala vestibuli and scala tympani are filled with perilymph, similar in composition to extracellular fluid, while the cochlear duct is filled with endolymph, similar in composition to intracellular fluid.
	www.lsu.edu /deafness/auditory.htm (907 words)

	ScienceDaily: Tensor tympani (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The tensor tympani muscle originates from the cartilagenous wall of the Eustachian tube (also called the auditory tube) and the bony wall surrounding the tube.
		Tensor tympani -- The tensor tympani muscle originates from the cartilagenous wall of the Eustachian tube (also called the auditory tube) and the bony wall surrounding the...
		Eardrum -- The tympanic membrane, colloquially known as the eardrum, is a thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/Tensor_tympani (1424 words)

	Tensor tympani at AllExperts
		The tensor tympani muscle originates from the cartilagenous wall of the Eustachian tube (also called the auditory tube) and the bony wall surrounding the tube.
		The Tensor tympani, the larger of the two muscles of the tympanic cavity, is contained in the bony canal above the osseous portion of the auditory tube, from which it is separated by the septum canalis musculotubarii.
		The Tensor tympani draws the tympanic membrane medialward, and thus increases its tension.
	en.allexperts.com /e/t/te/tensor_tympani.htm (295 words)

	Tensor tympani - Psychology Wiki - a Wikia wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The tensor tympani muscle originates from the cartilaginous wall of the Eustachian tube (also called the auditory tube) and the bony wall surrounding the tube.
		The Tensor tympani, the larger of the two muscles of the tympanic cavity, is contained in the bony canal above the osseous portion of the auditory tube, from which it is separated by the septum canalis musculotubarii.
		The Tensor tympani draws the tympanic membrane medialward, and thus increases its tension.
	psychology.wikia.com /wiki/Tensor_tympani (648 words)

	Middle Ear Review - Page 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		There are two tendons found in the middle ear: the tendons of the tensor tympani and the stapedius muscles.
		Contraction of the tensor tympani displaces the malleus (and consequently the tympanic membrane) medially, thus adding tension to the tympanic membrane, as the name of the muscle implies.
		The muscle body of the tensor tympani is enclosed in its own temporal bone cavity and lies essentially in an anterior-posterior plane (perpendicular to its tendon) along the medial aspect of the eustachian tube.
	audilab.bmed.mcgill.ca /~daren/3Dear/mid3.html (214 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates: Glossary Ta - Th
		Tegmen tympani: thin plate of bone forming the roof of the epitympanic recess in the middle ear.
		Tensor tympani: a small muscle which inserts on the manubrium of the ear.
		Tergal angle: the peak on the dorsal thoracic armor of some antiarch placoderms formed by the intersection of the median dorsal ridge with the ridges running from the outside corners of the anterior median dorsal plate.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Lists/Glossary/GlossaryT.html (926 words)

	"Popping" ear noise (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The tensor tympani is a muscle within the middle ear; myoclonus is the medical term for repetitive muscle spasm.
		In tensor tympani myoclonus, the popping (as you call it) is rapid fire; some people say it's like having an insect beating its wings in their ear.
		Tensor tympani myoclonus is treated by muscle relaxants (such as Baclofen/Lioresal; Valium can also work), and if this fails, an ENT surgeon can cut the fibers of the muscle.
	www.doctorhoffman.com /tinnitus.htm (1048 words)

	CHAPTER 44: THE EAR
		The anterior wall presents the semicanal for the tensor tympani muscle, the opening of the auditory tube, and the carotid canal, in which is lodged the internal carotid artery.
		The tensor tympani arises from the cartilaginous part of the auditory tube, enters a semicanal, turns laterally around the cochleariform process, and is inserted on the handle of the malleus.
		integument) tympani is the portion of the petrous part of the temporal bone that covers the middle ear and separates it from the middle cranial fossa.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~humananatomy/part_8/chapter_44.html (4112 words)

	tensor.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In a gross anatomic study of 20 sides in 16 human head specimens, the tensor veli palatini, dilatator tubae, and tensor tympani muscles were studied.
		The tensor veli palatini was observed to insert onto the anterior one-third of the pterygoid hamulus, whereas the dilatator tubae rounded the middle one-third of the pterygoid hamulus without an insertion.
		The tensor veli palatini was observed to be continuous with the tensor tympani.
	www.shc.uiowa.edu /papers/tensor (225 words)

	eMedicine - Middle Ear Function : Article by Michael J Ruckenstein, MD, MSc, FACS, FRCSC
		Two small muscles are contained within the middle ear, the tensor tympani muscle, which inserts on the malleus, and the stapedius muscle, which inserts on the stapes.
		Motor nerve fibers are carried to the tensor tympani via the fifth (trigeminal) cranial nerve and to the stapedius via the seventh (facial) cranial nerve.
		Recent evidence suggests that the tensor tympani may be responsible for a reversed ipsilateral acoustic reflex.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic360.htm (3326 words)

	Apologetics Press - The Intricate and Masterful Design of the Human Ear (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The tensor tympani is connected to the malleus, the ossicle which itself is connected to the tympanic membrane.
		When the tensor tympani muscle contracts, it pulls on the malleus and tenses, or tightens, the tympanic membrane (hence the name, tensor tympani).
		The scala vestibuli and scala tympani are connected via a duct at the apex of the cochlea (the helicotremma).
	www.apologeticspress.org /articles/3236 (3038 words)

	[No title]
		Tensor tympani: This muscle attaches to the upper part of the handle of the malleus and pulls the tympanic membrane inward when it vibrates, rendering the tympanic membrane more tense.
		In the intact specimen this recess houses of the malleus and incus.
		Returning to the lateral view of the skull, you may be able to see a prominence on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity that the tensor tympani hooks around to get to the malleus.
	www.emory.edu /ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/ear.html (2141 words)

	Hearing
		Muscles of the Middle Ear (tensor tympani and stapedius) are in the process of periodic contraction and relaxation and their actions are independent.
		Unusually strong contractions of tensor tympani present to the brain unheard before high pitch sounds of external and internal environment; this could be confusing.
		Inability of tensor tympani to make strong contractions (weakening of muscles) leads to removal from analysis of standing waves, which correspond to the highly tense state of the tympanic membrane, when it resonates on high frequency component of external sound.
	www.edgesensor.com /basics/hearing.htm (2386 words)

	[No title]
		Tensor tympani It will be visible on the last day of dissection of the head and neck when we do the middle ear.
		The tensor tympani is a tiny muscle which sends a tendon to attach to the malleus, which is attached to the eardrum.
		Based on this observation, some suggest that the tensor tympani are important in the discrimination of one’s own voice in the presence of other sounds.
	www.uhmc.sunysb.edu /som/students/2003/Lectures/body22.doc (2342 words)

	n6a (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Two small muscles are also found in the middle ear: the tensor tympani (innervated by the trigeminal nerve) and stapedius muscle (innervated by the facial nerve).
		The tensor tympani and stapedius muscles attach to the malleus and stapes, respectively.
		The natural tendency of the malleus handle is to be pulled inward by the tensor tympani muscle, which in turn keeps the tympanic membrane tensed.
	www.vet.purdue.edu /depts/bms/nour/bms520/content/nervous/n8.htm (2451 words)

	Definitions of commonly used audiology terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Scala tympani – the section of the cochlea that is below basilar membrane and contains perilymph.
		Tensor tympani - a muscle residing in the semicanal of tensor tympani on the medial wall of the middle ear space whose tendon is attached to the malleus.
		Tensor veli palatini – muscle of the nasopharynx, one of those responsible for opening the Eustachian tube.
	www.audstudent.com /tutorials/definitions.htm (3456 words)

	Method for treating otic disorders - Patent 6265379 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The tensor tympani is a long slender muscle which occupies the bony canal above the osseous pharyngotympanic tube, from which it is separated by a thin bony septum.
		Tensor tympani syndrome is a condition in which increased tension in the tensor tympani muscle produces a fluttering low frequency sound in the ear.
		Thus, the stapedius muscle is innervated by cholinergic motor neurons derived from the facial nerve, while the tensor tympani muscle is innervated cholinergic motor neurons branching from the trigeminal nerve through the otic ganglion.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6265379.html (6583 words)

	Ear muscles-2
		Tensor tympani is attached to the upper part of the malleus and pulls the tympanic membrane inward by contracting.
		Contraction of the Tensor tympani reduces the effectiveness of sound transmission, and thus protects the inner ear from loud sounds.
		The ossicular muscles, the stapedius and the tensor tympani, enable reflex damping of sound transmission in response to abrupt noises and in anticipation of loud noise.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/our_beautiful_bodies/94966 (399 words)

	baillement-trompe.eustache
		Yawning is a somatical reflex serving the purpose of augmenting the tonus of the limbs and trunk muscles no less than the negative pressure in the mediastinum, which promotes the outflow of venous blood from the filled-up veins of the distant parts of the body.
		The explanation of this phenomenon must be sought in the relation between the mechanism producing opening of the Eustachius tube to the aeration of the tympanal cavity as well as the contraction of the tensor tympani and stapedius muscles in yawning.
		The explanation of this fact must be sought in the contraction of the tensor tynipani muscle which facilitated the expulsion of the superflous amount of air from the tympanal cavity.
	www.baillement.com /trompe-eustache.html (1848 words)

	Neonatal myosin in bovine and pig tensor tympani muscle fibres. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In previous studies of middle ear muscles, the classification of fibre types by histochemical methods was particularly difficult in the bovine and porcine tensor tympani muscle, suggesting the presence of immature fibres.
		We therefore reexamined the tensor tympani from pigs and cattle of various ages immunohistochemically, using a panel of antimyosin antibodies, including one (anti-NE) specific for neonatal and embryonic myosins.
		The morphological appearance of the muscle, the widespread presence of neonatal myosin (often together with another myosin in the same fibre) and the persistence of this composition from birth to adulthood, could be explained by an incomplete development of the muscle fibres, resulting in a 'muscle' much better suited to the role of a ligament.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_1810932.html (223 words)

	Eustachian Tube Function and Dysfunction:
		The medial most portion of the tensor veli palatini originates on the lateral membranous wall of the eustachian tube and blends with the lateral bundle of the tensor veli palatini.
		This medial portion of the tensor veli palatini, referred to as the dilator tubae muscle, is probably responsible for active dilation of the eustachian tube by inferolateral displacement of the membranous wall.
		The levator veli palatini arises from the inferior aspect of the petrous apex, passes inferomedially, paralleling the tubal cartilage, and attaches to the dorsal surface of the soft palate.
	www.bcm.edu /oto/grand/71196.html (3884 words)

	Lab Manual - Ear
		Locate on the skull: tegmen tympani, arcuate eminence (anterior semicircular canal), external acoustic meatus, internal acoustic meatus, bony auditory tube and semicanal for the tensor tympani muscle, hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve, hiatus for the lesser petrosal nerve, petrotympanic fissure and inferior tympanic canaliculus.
		Look into the external acoustic meatus to see, on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity, the promontory, vestibular (oval) window, and cochlear (round) window; it may be possible to see the tympanic opening of the bony auditory tube and the prominence of the facial canal.
		Look for the chorda tympani arching forward just medial to the handle of the malleus (chorda tympani leaves the skull through the petrotympanic fissure); the tendon of the tensor tympani muscle passing laterally from the cochlear form process to the handle of the malleus.
	www.med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/head/ear.html (1413 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The tensor tympani muscle arises from the superior surface of the cartilaginous part of the auditory tube, greater wing of the sphenoid and petrous part of the temporal bone.
		Contraction of the tensor tympani pulls the eardrum (TM) medially and restricts its freedom of movement.
		Thus, sound transmission through the middle ear is attenuated when the tensor tympani is contracted.
	oto.wustl.edu /bbears/ttten.htm (116 words)

	The Ear (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Superior: musculotubal canal which is divided into: the auditory tube (inferior semicanal) and the superior semicanal housing the tensor tympani m.
		to tensor tympani, a branch of mandibular n.
		Aquaduct of the cochlea extends from the scala tympani to the roof of the jugular foramen and provides communication between perilymph and subarachnoid space.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/meded/grossanatomy/course_stuff/syllabus/23a_ear.html (758 words)

	ANNALS Dec2003: IS THERE A DOUBLE INNERVATION OF THE TENSOR TYMPANI MUSCLE IN HUMANS?
		The statement of Lawrence, for example, that the tensor tympani muscle of humans might have a dual innervation has never been proven or disproven.
		A light microscopic study was performed on 16 tensor tympani muscles taken from 11 cadavers.
		Neither the surgical microscopic investigation nor the light microscopic investigation revealed any innervation to the human tensor tympani muscle other than the one arising from the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve.
	www.annals.com /abs/annals1311.htm (251 words)

	Trigeminal Pharyngioplasty
		The tensor tympani muscle originates from the cartilaginous portion of the eustachian tube, on the under surface of the petrous bone, as well as the osseous canal in which the tensor tympani is contained.
		Dysfunction of the tensor palatini and tensor tympani muscles can be due to referred pain from facial, neck, shoulder, pectoralis, soleus, and even metatarsal muscles, causing secondary myofascial pain in these two forgotten accessory muscles of mastication, causing trigger points and shortening of these muscles (83-85).
		The treatment of these accessory muscles of mastication, the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles, has shown to improve orofacial, temporomandibular joint, cervical, and shoulder pain complaints; and has also shown to be associated with the relief of ear pain, ear pressure, tinnitus, vertigo, and/or hearing impairment or hearing loss.
	www.drjimboyd.com /TriPhar.html (4915 words)

	ICP monitors
		Tensor tympani attaches to malleus; stapedius tendon to stapes; contraction of these two muscles dampens sound waves.
		The wave may pass to the end of the scala vestibuli, pass around the end of the basilar membrane via the helicotrema, and return via a second chamber, the scala tympani, where it finally ends at sill another membrane-covered window, the round window which bows out into the middle ear cavity.
		Most of the pressure wave is transmitted to the basilar membrane which is deflected into the scala tympani.
	www.ucsf.edu /nreview/02.2-Anatomy-CranialNerves/CN08-cochlear.html (922 words)

	tympani - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tympani : Encyclopedia of Organ Stops [home, info]
		Phrases that include tympani: tensor tympani, scala tympani, chorda tympani, musculus tensor tympani, substantia propria membranae tympani, more...
		Words similar to tympani: kettle, kettledrum, timpani, tympanum, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=tympani (194 words)

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