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Topic: Tephigram

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		A tephigram is one of four thermodynamic diagrams commonly used in weather analysis and forecasting.
		The tephigram was invented by Napier Shaw in 1915 and is used primarily in the United Kingdom and Canada.
		The principal reason that tephigrams are used by the British Met Office is the property that areas contained by the curves have equal energies for equal areas, leading to better comparisons of CAPE and hence convective systems.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=tephigram (278 words)

	www.1stweather.com \| SA Regional \| Education \| Tephigrams
		On the tephigram you will see myriads of criss-crossing lines - they will be explained, but all this diagram really is telling us what the conditions are like from the surface to the upper atmosphere.
		It is the reverse of the process of a parcel of air rising, expanding and cooling - a parcel of air brought to the surface from higher in the atmosphere, will compress and the temperature will increase at 10°C per 1000m as it descends.
		The tephigram in the first figure, shows a moist layer and a dry layer - where the two dark lines are closer together, the more moist the atmosphere, the further apart, the drier the atmosphere.
	shum.huji.ac.il /~cariel/climate5763/tephigram.html (1025 words)

	www.1stweather.com \| SA Regional \| Education \| Tephigrams
		On the tephigram you will see myriads of criss-crossing lines - they will be explained, but all this diagram really is telling us what the conditions are like from the surface to the upper atmosphere.
		Data collected by a weather balloon and radiosonde is plotted on a tephigram.
		The tephigram in the first figure, shows a moist layer and a dry layer - where the two dark lines are closer together, the more moist the atmosphere, the further apart, the drier the atmosphere.
	shum.cc.huji.ac.il /~cariel/climate5763/tephigram.html (1025 words)

	Blowin' in the Wind, Issue #012 - A list of thermodynamic temperature conversions. November 1, 2004
		If you move in the tephigram, go left along the isobar to symbolize no pressure change, where the correct mixing ratio line crosses that isobar, the isotherm at that intersection gives the dew point temperature.
		On the tephigram, go straight up the dry adiabat until reaching the mixing ratio line and record the temperature isotherm there.
		Go up or down the correct adiabat on a tephigram until reaching the 1000 isobar and read the temperature.
	www.stuffintheair.com /Blowin_in_the_Wind-TemperatureConversions.html (512 words)

	Meteorology Department-Large Scale Processes
		Most tephigrams used in operational services will show moist adiabats that are labeled according to the temparature where they cross the 1000hPa isobar, the so-called wet-bulb potential temperature.
		In the present tephigram equivalent potential temperature is used to label the moist adiabats.
		Note that the purpose here is to give a tephigram that can be printed an an A4 printer with enough range to be useful in both the tropics and the midlatitudes.
	www.met.rdg.ac.uk /~sws97mha/Tephigram (468 words)

	Tephigram airmass analysis comparisons (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Overlaying the tephigram from that launch, however, revealed how remarkably similar the airmass in Winnipeg was to that in Bismarck, ND, 7 hours prior.
		Tephigram analysis (or, in the United States, skew-T diagram analysis) allows meteorologists to gauge many things--among them are the thunderstorm potential, freezing rain potential, cloud layers, icing potential (for aviation use), and airmass analysis to help with frontal analysis.
		The tephigrams presented here are, in order, Winnipeg (XWI), Bismarck (BIS), both XWI (fl) and BIS (red), and XWI and the GEM regional forecast tephigram valid at the same time.
	www.umanitoba.ca /faculties/environment/envirogeog/weather/tephicomp.html (204 words)

	weather: how this is effected by humidity and temperature
		On the completed tephigram the area between the plot for environment temperature profile and the plot for the rising parcel temperature profile is directly related to the CAPE, which in turn is directly related to the maximum vertical speed in a Cb updraught.
		A tephigram is a thermodynamic graph used by meteorologists for plotting atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles.
		The observed temperature profile is in the centre and the expected rising parcel temperature profile is to the right of it with the amount of CAPE related to the area between the plots.
	www.pilotfriend.com /training/flight_training/met/hm_temp.htm (3994 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Tephigram
		A tephigram is one of four thermodynamic diagrams commonly used in weather analysis and forecasting.
		The tephigram was invented by Napier Shaw in 1915 and is used primarily in the United Kingdom and Canada.
		In the tephigram, isotherms are straight and have a 45 degree inclination to the right while isobars are horizontal and straight.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Tephigram (247 words)

	* Tephigram - (Meteorology): Definition
		T0280 Tephigram A thermodynamic diagram with the temperature and the logarithm of potential temperature as coordinates.
		Meteorologists use radiosondes to measure the environmental lapse rate and compare it to the predicted adiabatic lapse rate to forecast the likelihood that air will rise.
		Charts of the environmental lapse rate are known as tephigrams.
	en.mimi.hu /meteorology/tephigram.html (82 words)

	www.1stweather.com \| SA Regional \| Education \| Tephigrams
		On the tephigram you will see myriads of criss-crossing lines - they will be explained, but all this diagram really is telling us what the conditions are like from the surface to the upper atmosphere.
		It is the reverse of the process of a parcel of air rising, expanding and cooling - a parcel of air brought to the surface from higher in the atmosphere, will compress and the temperature will increase at 10°C per 1000m as it descends.
		The tephigram in the first figure, shows a moist layer and a dry layer - where the two dark lines are closer together, the more moist the atmosphere, the further apart, the drier the atmosphere.
	www.1stweather.com /regional/education/tephigrams.shtml (1025 words)

	ATSC 5150
		Assuming that this shaft remains undiluted, and rain is reaching the ground, estimate the temperature of the air within the rainshaft, when it reaches the ground.
		Yet surface-based stability indices, such as the lifted index, for a sounding located well into the cold air, would suggest that thunderstorms there are impossible.
		A hypothetical sounding of this kind is shown on the attached tephigram.
	www-das.uwyo.edu /~geerts/atsc5150/test1_02.htm (830 words)

	Background Information
		A sample tephigram is shown in Figure 1.
		When the two lines come very close together, it means that the air is moist and clouds are expected to form.
		Second, different pressure levels are represented by nearly horizontal lines on the tephigram while constant temperature levels are straight lines tilted at 45 degrees from the vertical (Figure 3).
	www.weather.gov.hk /aviat/soaring/wxidx/sinfo.htm (276 words)

	AFC - Weather Glossary
		a particular thermodynamic relation between temperature, thermodynamic wet-bulb temperature and dew-point temperature, expressed in terms of a construction on a tephigram or other thermodynamic diagram.
		a line on a tephigram, or other thermodynamic diagram, corresponding to a saturated adiabatic process.
		Equivalently it is the temperature at which the saturated adiabat of the parcel crosses 1000 mbar on a tephigram.
	www.advancedforecasting.com /weathereducation/weatherglossary.html (5209 words)

	Valentia Tephigram - Met Éireann - The Irish Meteorological Service Online
		A tephigram is a graphical representation of observations of pressure, temperature and humidity made in a vertical sounding of the atmosphere.
		Vertical soundings are made using an instrument called a radiosonde, which contains pressure, temperature and humidity sensors and which is launched into the atmosphere attached to a balloon.
		The tephigram contains a set of fundamental lines which are used to describe various processes in the atmosphere.
	www.met.ie /latest/valentia.asp (249 words)

	Amazon.com: Tephigram
		Design and evaluation of a tephigram overlay for predicting maximum temperatures (Technical memoranda / Canada, Dept. of Transport, Meteorological Branch) by N. H Kagawa (Unknown Binding - 1968)
		Cloud forecasting by means of the tephigram with particular reference to turbulence cloud (Memoirs) by A. G Forsdyke (Unknown Binding - 1948)
		3.3 The tephigram The tephigram is a thermodynamic...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Tephigram&index=blended&page=1 (656 words)

	New Zealand Upper Air Data
		The upper air data are displayed on tephigrams.
		An archive of tephigram data is available, normally a charge will be made for recovering data from the archive, for details, contact James McGregor.
		The tephigrams are prepared using the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) package.
	www.metvuw.com /upperair (185 words)

	ncl-talk archive: Re: Plot tephigrams? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Maybe in reply to: Christian Pagé: "Plot tephigrams?"
		I am not aware of any tephigram function written in NCL.
		There is something available that one could use as a basis for
	ngwww.ucar.edu /ncl-talk/all/0562.html (113 words)

	ATSC 5160
		The last question is to be partly completed on a tephigram, to be handed in with your answers.
		Visualizing an entrainment event and the ensuing downdraft on a tephigram.
		(graphical, using a tephi, please hand in the analyzed tephigram) Use the parcel technique to plot the variation of temperature and dewpoint, both for the undiluted parcel and the environment, between the ground and 600 mb, on an aerological diagram (hand-out).
	www-das.uwyo.edu /~geerts/atsc5160/final_05.html (608 words)

	Met Office: Commercial training - aviation
		Introduction to the tephigram, in relation to determining stability/instability
		Tephigram techniques related to convective cloud forecasting, including infill
		have a basic understanding of the atmospheric processes, including stability and the tephigram, and the relationship between density, pressure, temperature and humidity;
	www.metoffice.gov.uk /training/ct_aviation_syllabus.html (576 words)

	MetLink Activity 21
		This type of graph is similar to a tephigram, of which you may have heard.
		On a Skew T – Log P diagram, the temperature (T) and pressure (P) lines are straight and the others curved.
		On a tephigram, the temperature (T) and dry-adiabatic (Φ = phi) lines are straight and the others curved.
	www.metlink.org /resources/ews/activities/act21.htm (1193 words)

	Meteorological Calculations
		This Fortran program will convert pressure altitude to surface pressure.
		This package, with a Fortran program, allows the user to plot tephigram and Skew-T log-p diagrams.
		We have Fortran and C codes to convert wind direction and speed to u- and v- components of the wind.
	dss.ucar.edu /libraries/meteorology (79 words)

	Meteorology For Scientists & Engineers Web Resources
		Repeat the previous question, but for the upper air station nearest to you (except don't get the tephigram).
		Also, at what pressure height is the tropopause, based on the sounding you plotted.
		From the UK: Comparison of tephigram, skew-T, Stuve thermo diagrams.
	www.eos.ubc.ca /courses/atsc201/BrooksCole/MetSciEngr/SoundingsStabilityLab.html (729 words)

	Met Office: Met. Refresher Course
		Understand and apply the fundamental principles of synoptic meteorology to analyse synoptic observations, satellite and radar imagery and basic numerical weather prediction output.
		Use basic principles of cloud physics and the tephigram to determine likely cloud and precipitation formation.
		Week 1: Review of meteorological topics including air masses and fronts, cloud physics, convection and thunderstorms, surface and upper winds, tephigrams.
	www.metoffice.com /training/mrc.html (311 words)

	Skew-T Log-P Diagram: Overview
		The first such diagram to be used was the Emagram, which was created in 1884 by H. Hertz.
		The Tephigram and Stüve diagram are two other variations that appeared in the 1920’s.
		The Skew-T Log-P, which is most similar to the Emagram, was created in 1947 by H. Herlofson for the United States Air Force.
	www.personal.psu.edu /smd293/meteo482/overview.html (1006 words)

	The Royal Meteorological Society - Scholarship Report
		An IOP only occurred if it was thought that the weather conditions looked favourable for convective activity; this was decided by a team of experienced meteorologists and the Met office forecast model.
		CAPE is the buoyancy of an air parcel vertically integrated between the level of free convection (LFC) and the level of neutral buoyancy (LNB) at which the parcel ceases to have virtual potential temperature of the environment and thus decelerates vertically.
		It could be correctly argued that this puts a lot of faith in the model used to produce the tephigram, however, other parameters were also analysed including satellite and radar imagery.
	www.rmets.org /education/scholarships/sch3.php (884 words)

	Cloud Streets - Meteorological Physical Background
		In the tephigram it can be seen that the lowest 2 km (about 1000-800 hPa) has unstable stratification.
		This unstable layer is capped by a sharp inversion.
		Furthermore, it can be seen from the tephigram and the table below that the windspeed is quite constant with height with values over 20 kt in the middle of the unstable layer.
	www.zamg.ac.at /docu/Manual/SatManu/CMs/ClStr/backgr.htm (890 words)

	Upper-Air Weather Measurements in Hong Kong
		The upper-air data obtained is normally plotted on a Tephigram (Figure 5) for use by meteorologists.
		Tephigram showing the temperature, dew point and wind in the upper atmosphere
		In 1981, the Observatory installed the MicroCORA, a system which allowed automatic tracking of the radiosondes without using radar.
	www.weather.gov.hk /wservice/tsheet/uamet.htm (809 words)

	ENSC 201 Lab Exam 2 example
		Be sure to show your work on the tephigram.
		Plot the given data from Table 1 onto the tephigram attached to the end of this exam.
		Be sure to explain how you found each of these or else ensure this is shown clearly on the tephigram.
	cirrus.unbc.ca /ensc/201/lex2_example (605 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The tephigram is regarded as near-perfect for strict thermodynamic calculations, and its large angle between isotherms and dry adiabats renders it the most effective as assessing degrees of stability.
		However, the skewT also has this property, and tephigrams aren't exactly plentiful on the net.
		For those used to the tephigram, the skewT is most like what you are used to.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /booty.weather/metinfo/whichdia.htm (941 words)

	RAOB Program (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Tephigram is great for viewing thermodynamic potential, because all areas on the diagram are energy proportional.
		For this reason, all areas of CAPE shading are proportional.
		Also displayed are the Storm Character nomogram and Storm Potential bar graph left of the Tephigram.
	www.raob.com /BackUp/RAOB5.htm (275 words)

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