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Topic: Tepuis

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	Spirit Away
		Indeed, the tepuis consist of similar material to the cliffs and mesa-like mountains in the western Sahara.
		Tepuis are true islands in time, some of the few places on Earth where the flora and fauna have grown for eons without outside influence.
		When the peak of the Auyan tepui is wrapped in haze, the water appears to fall straight from the sky, releasing a cloud of mist and crashing thunderously on the rocks below.
	flatrock.org.nz /topics/environment/spirit_away.htm (1612 words)

	Tepui - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They are the remains of a large, quartz sandstone plateau, that once covered the granite basement complex between the north border of the Amazon Basin and the Orinoco, between the Atlantic coast and the Rio Negro.
		Throughout the course of the Earth's history the plateau was eroded, and the tepuis were formed from the remaining monadnocks.
		The Tepuis are often referreed to as the Galápagos Islands of the mainland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tepui (830 words)

	Venezuela Tepui Canyonlands
		One of the few references on tepuis is a National Geographic article in the May 1989 issue.
		Some of the Venezuelan tepuis are known to harbor a few natural arches, but the Kekenan tepui is unique in harboring many hundreds if not thousands of arches, albeit small ones.
		Richard picked the Kekenan tepui as his destination because it is one of the most rarely visited, has many diverse features, and is perhaps the most “bizarre” of the tepuis.
	www.canyonsworldwide.com /tepui/mainframe.html (1037 words)

	Tepuis/Planeta.com
		Tepuis, the table top mountains of the Guyana Highlands in eastern Venezuela are some of the oldest formations of the planet.
		Tepuis are ever-present, timeless, unalterable, an allegory for the inevitability of death.
		Although tepuis extend over the whole of the Guyana Highlands, they are most dramatic in the region known as the Gran Sabana in southeastern Venezuela.
	www.planeta.com /planeta/97/0897ven.html (1348 words)

	Tepuis
		As the climate on their plateaus differs so much from the climate of the surrounding areas the flora and fauna on the plateaus got isolated and as a consequence many of the tepuis developed their own species in a kind of microevolution.
		Kukenam Tepui Kukenam, located close to the famous Roraima Tepui is one of the most well known Tepui.
		Ptari Tepui Ptari Tepui is the locus classicus for Heliamphora heterodoxa.
	www.wistuba.com /01b0219327002033f/506271958d0d8e301/index.html (163 words)

	The Lost World: Tepuis of South America
		A barren watery landscape, the tepuis summits are strange labyrinths of sandstone spires.
		Living on the plateaus are all sorts of lichens, mosses and carnivorous plants that cling to the soilless ground, shaping the sandstone into its odd shapes.
		Also living on top of the tepuis are various species of insects and amphibians, including finger-sized ants whose bite can kill a man with fever and a tiny frog who can neither swim nor jump.
	silentmoviemonsters.tripod.com /TheLostWorld/LWTEPUIS.html (618 words)

	:: the lost world :: Canaima National Park, Venezuela - information and travel
		The tepui formations, not unlike those found in the deserts of northern Arizona, came into being by a process of erosion of the surrounding lands over millions of years.
		The tepuis are sandstone massifs, and it is thought that what are today mountains once formed harder or less faulted strata which were more resistant to erosion.
		The tepuis are sacred mountains for the Pemón.
	www.thelostworld.org /canaimanp/canaima.htm (2091 words)

	Mount Roraima: An island forgotten by time
		Most of these tepuis are remote and are almost permanently shrouded in mist and clouds, even during the dry season.
		It is because of the tepuis isolation and old age that have made them special.
		This Tepui is only 1220m high but has a labyrinth of caves near the summit which at certain times of the year, the sun's rays shine in on one side of the mountain and out the other.
	members.shaw.ca /beyondnootka/articles/roraima.html (2347 words)

	Exotic Worldwide Adventures - Tours and travel in Venezuela. Adventure Tourism, Eco-tourism, Travel, Venezuela, Angel ...
		Limited Scientific explorations on a few tepuis show that over 2000 plant species found on top of the tepuis are endemic, that is they grow only there, and no where else in the world.
		tepui, (Roraima) on the Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana border.
		This is the land of waterfalls, tepuis, vast plains, and native Pemon Indians.
	www.exoticwadventures.com /VENPAGE2.HTM (2329 words)

	The Living Edens "TEPUIS" Behind The Scenes, The film story and history of explorations page 13 of 13
		Each of these frogs comes from a common ancestor, but are now different enough from one another to be called species in their own right, so they must have been separated for a long time.
		The majority of the Tepuis remain unclimbed, and are out of range for helicopters unless one has a budget large enough to set up fuel dumps in advance.
		But for those who succeed in reaching, and exploring, the magical Tepuis, extraordinary adventures, experiences, and perhaps new discoveries, are waiting on their mist enshrouded, elusive summits.
	www.lastrefuge.co.uk /data/articles/tepuis/Tepuis_story_page13.html (703 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Tepuis (NT0169) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Tepuis ecoregion is named for its most famous feature--isolated mountains with dramatic cliffs rising out of the forest, topped with flat summits covered with an amazing array of species.
		In a patch of bunchgrass, the fer-de-lance pit viper coils its body to strike at a guinea pig, while in the forest nearby, the endemic tepui antpitta follows a group of leaf-cutter ants along the ground.
		Hikers and campers visiting the summits of the Tepuis have trampled vegetation, stripped woody plants for firewood, and left litter behind.
	nationalgeographic.com /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/nt/nt0169.html (541 words)

	:: PARQUE NACIONAL CANAIMA :: VENEZUELA, CANAIMA, LA GRAN SABANA, SALTO ANGEL, FOTOS Y VIDEOS
		Amongst these tepuis are: Auyan-Tepuy (2.400 m), from which Angel Falls (Karepaku-pa merú), the highest waterfall in the world, originates with a drop of 979 m; Roraima (2.800 m); Chimata (2.700 m); Kukenán (2.600 m) and about 34 more tepuis.
		The vegetation on these tepuis varies from humid tropical forests at the bases and hillsides, to shrubs and grasslands on the summit, with a diverse amount of endemic species; in the savannahs and valleys the grasses and moriche palms prevail, with the presence of gallery forests.
		The Tepuis are one of a kind colossus that populate the entire park.
	www.lagransabana.com /english/canaima.htm (602 words)

	NATURE. Living Edens: The Lost World. Eco Explorer \| PBS
		Still, examination of tepuis wildlife is relatively limited compared to its vegetation.
		Of the tepuis' natives, this tiny fl frog is the superstar.
		The tepuis region boasts Venezuela's highest number of endemic birds -- an estimated 41 species with such tantalizing names as tepui tinamous (Crypturellus ptaritepui), fiery-shouldered parakeet (Pyrrhura egregia), roraiman nightjars (Caprimulgus whitelyi), red-banded fruiteaters (Pipreola whitelyi), and velvet-browed brilliants (Heliodoxa xanthogonys).
	www.pbs.org /wnet/nature/lostworld/eco_explorer4.html (841 words)

	:: the lost world :: An Introduction
		Its natural borders are the Lema Range and River Carrao to the north; the Pakaraima Range to the south; the Roraima-Ilu Tepuy system to the River Venamo to the east; and the River Caroní to the west.
		Elevation varies between the tepuis which reach over 2,500 metres and the lower southern and western areas which are as low as 600 metres.
		The fragile ecosystems of Roraima and Kukenan tepuis in particular have suffered from irresponsible practices.
	www.thelostworld.org /intro/intro.htm (2083 words)

	International Carnivous Plant Society
		Ilu-tepui is part of a group of tepuis in the southeast part of the Gran Sabana.
		Each tepui is isolated by deep valleys that are covered with dense forest or savannahs which make it nearly impossible for Heliamphora species to migrate from one tepui to another.
		In the eastern range of tepuis, species with relatively short pitchers were found, that are adapted to more open habitats.
	www.carnivorousplants.org /cpn/Species/v33n4p111_116.html (1878 words)

	Canaima National Park/Planeta.com
		The tepui tops themselves are sometimes forested, with dwarf forests with members of theaceae (particularly Bonnetia roraimae), Araliaceae, Ericaceae, Compositae, Melastoataceae and Rubiaceae being prominent.
		At the species level approximately 33% of the tepui species are endemic to the region with 99 species endemic to Chimantá alone (Huber 1995).
		In particular, the Pemón relationship with the tepuis (actually the Pemón denomination of "table mountain") is complex and profound.
	www.planeta.com /planeta/97/0897canaima.html (3048 words)

	National Geographic Traveler Article: Venezuela's Tepuis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		By any name, eastern Venezuela's tepui country is indeed rich in fantasy and adventure, in strange and spectacular scenery, in legend and legendary treasure.
		To Conan Doyle, these table mountains were islands in time, so walled off from the world that, like the Galápagos, life evolved here on its own terms, immune to evolutionary battles that raged elsewhere.
		In fact, tepuis do harbor unique species: tiny toads that neither swim nor hop, insectivorous pitcher plants, and other flora and fauna that occur nowhere else.
	www.nationalgeographic.com /traveler/articles/1017venezuela.html (540 words)

	CPD: South America, Site SA2, Pantwpui Region, Venezuela
		Almost all the larger tepui summits have their own types of scrub, ranging from low (less than 2 m) and open, to tall (3-5 m) and very dense communities, with high floristic diversity.
		According to Steyermark (1986), some 460 genera in 97 families are known to occur on the tepui summits (picture) and slopes.
		One south-western tepui, Cerro Yapacana, although of lower altitude and not actually within the Pantepui Province, is suffering heavily from uncontrolled mining activities at its base and on the slopes.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /botany/projects/cpd/sa/sa2.htm (1990 words)

	International Carnivous Plant Society
		The appendage is fused with the back of the pitcher forming a hollow structure running downwards on the outside of the back of the pitcher, apparently working as a chamber to store nectar produced by the glands of the appendage.
		The largest population was observed on Aparaman Tepui where the plants were growing in dense overhanging populations, partly on vertical rock-faces.
		We opened a number of pitchers but a significant amount of prey was not present, so the efficiency of the trapping mechanism remains doubtful for at least during the dry season (the time we visited the Aparaman group).
	www.carnivorousplants.org /cpn/Species/v30n4p120_125.html (1451 words)

	"Lost World" Mesas Showcase South America's Evolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Some of the secrecy surrounding the tepuis can be attributed to their remoteness.
		Though tepuis are a source of pride and the focus of some research interest in South America, the undeveloped areas where they are found in Venezuela, Brazil, Suriname, and Guyana are not well mapped or well traveled.
		Tepuis are tall sandstone mesas in South American forests.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2004/02/0220_040220_tepuis.html (773 words)

	Exploring the Lost World
		The tepuis rise sheer from the plateau of the Gran Sabana.
		The summits of the tepuis remain inaccessible except for official expeditions which arrive by helicopter.
		One such trip is a trek to Roraima, one of the largest and most mysterious tepuis, which straddles the borders of Venezuela, Guyana and Brazil.
	ronemmons.com /travel/venezuela (1040 words)

	Venezuela: Wildlife, birds & Landscapes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		To the southeast, part of the ancient Guianan Shield, are the magnificent tepuis, huge cliffs rising from the forest to flat-topped mountains, home of a distinctive flora and fauna including the Guianan Cock-of-the-rock, Macaws, Capuchinbird and other glamorous cotingas.
		The road is bordered by forest, creeks and waterfalls, and the vistas across the lowlands and to distant mesa-like tepuis are breathtaking.
		The Grand Savannah and the tepuis are remnants of an ancient, two billion-year-old geologic formation called the Guianan Shield.
	www.marksmithnaturetours.com /venezuela_itin.html (1686 words)

	The Carnivorous Plant FAQ: Heliamphora
		There is no denying the variation in the different plants, but where some botanists see many different species, others simply see a few species with many varieties and forms.
		However, reports from the Tepuis are a little disconcerting---it seems the native sites are getting more and more traffic.
		Why this worked for a plant which lives on the rainy Tepuis is a mystery to me. A more widely used practice is to use a tuning fork to rattle the pollen from the anthers.
	www.sarracenia.com /faq/faq5360.html (423 words)

	Santa Elena De Uairen Journal: Roraima Trek
		The deal is to climb the Roraima tepuis, which is on the border of Venezuela, Guyana, and Brazil.
		The morning was beautiful, but as we got closer to the tepuis, the clouds came in and it started to rain a bit.
		The only problem was that because it was raining so hard on the tepuis that one of the rivers we had been able, with difficulty, to walk across a couple days before, now had too much water and was moving too fast.
	realtravel.com /santa_elena_de_uairen-journals-j842255.html (1458 words)

	Plant of the Week 09/23/2002: Marsh Pitcher of Mount Roraima (Heliamphora nutans) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The marsh pitcher of Mount Roraima (Heliamphora nutans (Bentham) D. Dietrich) is one of five species native to the tepuis (table mountains) of the Guiana Highlands.
		These carnivorous plants evolved in relative isolation as the sandstone plateau eroded leaving the tepuis.
		The tepuis are the remnants of a sandstone shield laid down 1.6 billion years ago.
	www.killerplants.com /plant-of-the-week/20020923.asp (353 words)

	Heliamphora, Carnivorous Plants Online - Botanical Society of America
		However, wings of this sort aren't efficient at dispersal for long distances in wind--a few seeds would be carried long distances in major storms, but in most weather conditions, many seeds would fall near the parent plant.
		This may be a good dispersal strategy, because the tepuis are like relatively small islands, so most of the habitats where Heliamphora could grow are very close to the existing plants.
		Heliamphora does not grow in the lowland areas surrounding the tepuis--the climate and other conditions are just too different from the temperature and moisture on the top of these tableland mountains.
	www.botany.org /Carnivorous_Plants/Heliamphora.php (634 words)

	Adventure in Venezuela - Explore Venezuela
		This fantastic array of cliffs, canyons and tepuis (table top mountains), the remnants of a vast upland plateau, stretches to the boders of Brazil and Guyana.
		One of the largest of these tepuis is Roraima rising to 2810 metres/ 9219 feet above sea level and almost 100 metres/ 3000 ft above the surrounding countryside.
		The dry season in La Gran Sabana is from December to April., but the tops of the tepuis receive rain from the Atlantic all year round.
	www.keadventure.com /countries/venezuela (648 words)

	Venezuela's Angel Falls - surreal adventure travel
		You will also hike on and around vertical rock formations called tepuis that are hundreds of millions of years old.
		Tepuis have flat, slopping tops that are the sites of unique plant life.
		Scientists have called tepuis "islands in time" or "ecological islands" because of their unique ecosystems.
	www.angel-ecotours.com /adventure-travel-package-can1.HTML (671 words)

	Venezuela - Explorations
		The falls, however, are just one of many distinctive features in the area, which is also known for the Orinoco river and also its tepuis.
		Tepuis are huge sandstone mesas that rise thousands of feet about the Gran Sabana, a vast grassland.
		From the city of Ayacucho you can arrange for guided tours of the region, which abounds in flora, fauna, and cerros - the jungle's equivalent of the tepuis.
	www.geographia.com /venezuela/explorations.htm (560 words)

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