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Topic: Terek Soviet Republic

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Oblast

Dagestan

Vladikavkaz

Terek River

Northern Caucasus

Thracian language

	Footnotes to History- T
		Terek, Republic of- Terek seceded from Russia in March of 1917.
		In October, the Terek Cossacks united with the Don and Kuban Cossacks in the Southeastern Union.
		The Terek was recaptured by the Red Army in January of 1920.
	www.buckyogi.com /footnotes/natt.htm (5758 words)

	Chechnya - Search View - MSN Encarta
		Chechnya, republic in the eastern part of the northern Caucasus, southwestern Russia, bordering Stavropol’ Territory to the northwest, the republic of Dagestan to the northeast and east, the nation of Georgia to the south, and the republic of Ingushetia to the west.
		The Terek and Sunzha valleys of western Chechnya are the republic’s agricultural centers.
		In 1936 the oblast was raised to the status of an autonomous republic.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761580544__1/Chechnya.html (2123 words)

	Footnotes to History- D to F
		Don, Republic of the- In May 1917, the Cossacks of the Don region declared themselves autonomous, electing the Tsarist general Alexei Kaledin as Ataman, the head of government.
		Don Soviet Republic- After the collapse of the Republic of the Don, the Soviets became the dominant power in the area.
		Faeroe Islands, Republic of the- Inspired by Iceland's declaration of independence in 1944, the North Sea archipelago of the Faeroe Islands seceded from Denmark in September of 1946.
	www.buckyogi.com /footnotes/natdf.htm (4714 words)

	South Ossetia - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Although this former Soviet autonomous oblast (region) has declared its independence and is in de facto control of significant part of the region, its separation from Georgia has not been recognized by any other country and is regarded a de jure part of the Georgian region (mkhare) of Shida Kartli.
		On 10 November 1989, the South Ossetian Supreme Soviet approved a decision to unite South Ossetia with the North Ossetian ASSR, part of Russia.
		The Republic of South Ossetia is not a territorially contiguous entity.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/South_Ossetia (1623 words)

	The Background of Chechen Independence Movement III: The Secular Independence Movement
		In September 1919, the secular Mountain Republic was replaced by the characteristically religious North Caucasian Emirate, led by Sheikh Uzun Haji.
		Soviet troops soon expelled Israilov's government, and the troops he had raised, into guerrilla warfare in forests, but they continued the fight for two years, and even got the former Chechen communist Mairbek Sheripov to join them.
		Besides, being a soldier, he was apolitical, which was an absolute merit in the situation, where the old leaders of the Chechen-Ingush Soviet Republic were all communists whose reputation in the eyes of the people was disgraced by their careers in the CPSU (Communist Party).
	www.cc.jyu.fi /~aphamala/pe/2003/tsets-3.htm (3312 words)

	Avtandil Menteshashvili - Some national and ethnic problems in Georgia (1918-1922)
		"The Soviet government", continued G. Chicherin, "regards it its duty to point out that the southern counter-revolution was and is a deathly enemy not only for the Russian Soviet Republic, but for all the small nations that used to be parts of the former Russian Empire" (*95).
		Soviet Russia acted upon the concepts of benefit of the strategic position of Transcaucasia and its oil fields, upon the interests of the world revolution and proletarian internationalism expressed through an idea of "bringing liberation to the workers on the bayonets of the Red Army" (*99).
		But that very standpoint of the Soviet government was an open intervention into the internal affairs of the Georgian Republic with an obvious violation of clauses 2 and 3 in the treaty of May 7 subject to which the RSFSR had recognized South Ossetia as an integral part of Georgia.
	sisauri.tripod.com /politic/ossetia.htm (3367 words)

	HOMEGROWN SOLUTION:
		The republic is a geographic concept that has existed since at least the 16th century, and its name, which translates as “the Land of Mountains,” is not derived from any ethnic name, as, for instance, Tatarstan or Bashkor-tostan.
		The republic’s political elite, who were all fighting for shares of the pie, were wary of installing a presidential mode of government, since that would inevitably give an advantage to the president’s ethnic group.
		On June 28, 1992, during a period marked by an escalating struggle for power in the republic’s government and rising separatist trends in the ethnic groups of Kumyks, Nogays, Lezghin and Cossacks, a referendum was held on the question of a presidency in Dagestan.
	www.eawarn.ru /EN/pub/Pubs/MultiEthnicEnglish/LGI_Kisriev.htm (6691 words)

	Kommersant - Russia's Daily Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Chechen Republic is located on the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus and on the adjacent Chechen Plain and Terek-Kuma Lowland.
		The republic was liquidated in 1944 and the population deported; it was restored in 1957.
		All representatives of the judicial branch are elected by the Parliament of the Republic.
	www.kommersant.com /t-92/r_5/n_436/Chechen_Republic (3239 words)

	Republic Skeptic
		A prolific journalist republic skeptic and author well known for his tales of horror republic skeptic and stories about the Civil War, Ambrose Bierce (1842-1914?) was also a mordant commentator on the political, social, legal, republic skeptic and intellectual failings of his countrymen.
		Republic of the Congo - The Republic of the Congo, also known as Congo-Brazzaville, and Congo (but not to be confused with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, formerly Zaire, which was also at one time known as the Republic of the Congo), is a former French colony of west-central Africa.
		Republic of Nakhichevan - The Republic of Nakhichevan is a declared but non-sovereign state in the nation of Azerbaijan (an enclave sharing a border with Turkey), formerly considered an autonomous republic.
	be1.meisart.com /republicskeptic.html (1378 words)

	Georgia in 1997
		After WW I, the communists took over and set up the Trans Caucasian Soviet Federated republic in 1922 which was split up into Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan in 1936.
		Soviet troops kept tensions under control but nothing was done to assuage the discomfort of the Christian Armenian population of Karabakh isolated in Muslim Azerbaijan or that of the Muslim Abkhazians isolated in Christian Georgia.
		As we enter the foothills of the Caucasus, the valley narrows to a gorge and we leave the Aragvi that flows south to follow the Terek flowing north through the Krestovy Pass.
	berclo.net /page97/97en-georgia.html (1228 words)

	Popular and scientific journal "Shoushi"
		North Ossetia became an “Osetinskyj okrug” in the Autonomous Mountains Soviet Republic of November 20, 1920 and was upgraded into an Autonomous Soviet Republic in December 1936.
		The de facto Republic of South Ossetia is not a territorially contiguous entity.
		Abkhazia was recognised as a Soviet republic by the Bolshevik leaders of Georgia.
	www.journal.shoushi.am /en012.html (6122 words)

	RUSNET.NL :: Encyclopedia :: S :: South Ossetia
		In late March, 1920, however, Vladikavkaz fell to the Red Army, and on November 17, 1920 northern Ossetia was included in the newly formed Mountain ASSR as the Ossetian District.
		On July 7, 1924 Osetia was reorganised as the North Ossetian Autonomous Region and on December 5, 1936, as the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
		After the war they were rewarded in that their republic was enlarged at the expense of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR and Stavropol Territory.
	www.rusnet.nl /encyclo/s/print/south_ossetia.shtml (733 words)

	Caucasus Foundation
		The South Ossetia became a part of the Georgian Menshevik Republic with the break up of the Russian empire in 1918, while the North formed a part of the Terek Soviet Republic.
		On July 7, 1924 Osetia was reorganized as the North Ossetian Autonomous Oblast and on December 5, 1936, as the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
		After the war they were rewarded in that their republic was enlarged at the expense of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR and Stavropol krai.
	www.kafkas.org.tr /english/bgkafkas/bukaf_gosetya.html (662 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Beslan Residents Mourn Their City Along With Their Dead
		The first residents built a church, a mosque and schools, according to a history published by the town, and today a new church and mosque are under construction.
		The economic mainstay in Soviet times was a giant corn processing plant that, according to Alexander Berezov, head of the cultural department in the city administration, rivaled anything in the United States.
		At the center of the town is the House of Culture, a renovated Soviet relic where the Hollywood thriller "I, Robot" was showing until Friday.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A6633-2004Sep8?language=printer (745 words)

	Wikinfo \| South Ossetia
		The Republic of South Ossetia (in Russian Respublika Yuzhnaya Osetiya, Республика Южная Осетия; in Ossetic language Respublikae Xyssar Iryston, Республикæ Хуссар Ирыстон) is a mountainous region of 3,900km² in the Caucasus.
		The republic has declared its independence from the Republic of Georgia, but its independence has not been recognized by any other countries.
		With the break up of the Russian Empire, South Ossetia became a part of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-1921), while the north became a part of the Terek Soviet Republic.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=South_Ossetia (757 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The territory of the independent Mountain Peoples' Republic of 1918, which was recognised internationally, coincided precisely with that pan-Caucasian area that had been involved in the mountain peoples' national liberation campaign in the nineteenth century and developed under the banner of Shamil.
		In breach of the arrangements with Abkhazia, as early as 17-19 June 1918, troops from the Georgian republic supported by the military might of Germany landed in Sukhum and virtually occupied the country.
		The Mountain Peoples' Republic government continued to regard Abkhazia as part of its state, in spite of the fact that it was occupied by Georgia.
	www.abkhazeti.ru /pages/1/111.html (3502 words)

	Chechenia (Russia) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		According to Itar-Tass (Russian news agency), August 17, 2004, new official symbols of the republic are being introduced in Chechnya.
		I think it entirely possible that the Government of this particular Russian Republic had not actually seen the flag of another Russian Republic (although is it not part of the normal remit of a flag commission to look at the flags of other similar entitities).
		The State flag, the arms and a hymn of the Chechen Republic, their description and the order of official use are established by the law of Republic.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/ru-ce.html (900 words)

	Abkhazia, Georgia and the Caucasus Confederation
		Thus in June 1918 the Foreign Minister of the Caucasus Mountain Peoples' Republic (Gaidar Bammat) lodged a protest with the government of Georgia and with Schulenburg, the head of the German government diplomatic mission in the Caucasus about the incursion by German troops into Sukhum and "the presence of Georgian bands in Abkhazia".
		The resolve of the Chechen nation, the proclamation of an independent Chechen Republic and the election of a president in October 1991 raised the Caucasus mountain peoples' movement to a new level.
		The third AGNK congress was held in Sukhum in the context of the political turbulence in Chechnya (on 1-2 November 1991).
	www.abkhazia-georgia.parliament.ge /History/Abkhaz/lakoba.htm (3485 words)

	Terek Soviet Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Terek Soviet Republic (Терская Советская Республика) (March, 1918 — February, 1919) was created within the RSFSR on the territory of the Terek Oblast.
		After July 1918 it was part of the North Caucasian Soviet Republic.
		This page was last modified 14:35, 1 November 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Terek_Soviet_Republic (75 words)

	Chechyna; A Land in Conflict - Russian Culture
		This treason to the Soviet was used against the people of this region and resulted in their massive deportation, from their ancient homelands, to other parts of the Soviet Union.
		Eventually, thanks to the fact that Nikita Khrushchev saw the deportations a contradiction to Lenin's ideals, the Chechno-Ingush republic was restored and many deported people returned to their homelands (1957).
		The Ingush Republic lies to the west and this border is under dispute.
	www.harpercollege.edu /mhealy/g101ilec/russia/ruc/rucconfl/aa092099.htm (1034 words)

	Chechens March on Europe – With a Ball
		First division Terek Grozny faced a formidable challenge in their premier league opponents Krylya Sovetov (Wings of the Soviets), which boasts probably the best striker currently playing in Russia, Andrei Karyaka.
		Lev Lansky, a Grozny-born Terek supporter who now lives in the United States, composed a song for them, which begins with the lines, “Our Terek Grozny, you are holding a banner of victory in safe hands.
		Terek are currently based in the town of Kislovodsk, 250 kilometres from Grozny, and play their matches in the nearby stadium at Pyatigorsk.
	www.iwpr.net /?p=crs&s=f&o=160500&apc_state=henicrs2b566cb599e0c981770bf19dcb6af8e5 (1263 words)

	Hope for Beslan - North Ossetia - Alania
		Beslan is located in North Ossetia-Alania one of the sovereign republics of the Russian Federation.
		It is situated on the northern slopes of the central Caucasus, between two of the highest mountain peaks in Europe, the Elbrous and Kazbeck.
		Eight districts of the Republic are primarily engaged in agriculture, cattle breeding and the processing of produce.
	www.beslanhope.org /north_ossetia.htm (685 words)

	Ossetia — FactMonster.com
		In Mar., 1918, the entire area was declared an autonomous soviet republic, and in Jan., 1920, was renamed the Mountain Autonomous Republic.
		The republic has not been immune to the turmoil in neighboring regions.
		Fighting in the region between Georgian and Ossetian forces was ended by a truce in July, which left South Ossetia under the control of the Ossetians; further accords were signed in 1996, but the political situation remains unresolved.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0837004.html (503 words)

	UNPO
		Within a few years the Mountain Republic disintegrated and the Circassians were divided into three categories as the Adyge, the Cherkess and the Kabardians, while the Karachay-Balkars were divided as well.
		During the Second World War the Karachay-Balkars were accused by Stalin of collaboration with the invading German Nazi Armies and for this reason first the Karachays in November 1943 and Balkars in March 1944 were deported, along with the Chechens, Ingush, Volga Germans, Meskhetians, Kalymuks and the Crimean Tartars, to the steppes of Central Asia.
		Mass repatriation of the Diaspora Circassians and the unification of Circassian lands in one single republic within the Russian Federation are the objectives that were being pursued vigorously until recently.
	www.unpo.org /member_profile.php?id=18 (1910 words)

	South Ossetia - Republic of South Ossetia
		Ireland (also commonly referred to as the Republic of Ireland as the official "description" of the state in order to distinguish it from the island of Ireland as a whole)
		Macedonia - Republic of Macedonia (referred to by UN and a number of countries and international organizations as The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia)
		Taiwan (ROC) - Republic of China (diplomatically sometimes known as Chinese Taipei (or other names), regarded by UN as "Taiwan, Province of China", the political status of the ROC and the legal status of the Taiwan Island (and its outlying islands) are in dispute)
	www.naturemagics.com /world-guide/south-ossetia.shtm (2633 words)

	Bülent Gökay, Russia and Chechnia: A Long History of Conflict, Resistance and Oppression
		The Bolsheviks assumed control in the Chechen territory at the end of 1917 and a Soviet republic was formed in the region in March 1918.(17) It was called Terek Soviet Republic after the Terek River which cuts across the Northern Caucasus.
		The Terek Republic, which excluded the representatives of the Chechens and Ingushi, managed to survive only until the beginning of 1919.
		The Soviet press provides rich material on the numerous trials of Sufi sheikhs from Chechnia and their murids in the late 1950s and 1960s.
	www.alternativesjournal.net /volume3/number2/gokay.htm (4587 words)

	The Submarines of October: Chronology
		In search of a means to signal Soviet submarines to surface, VADM Griffin tells McNamara that practice depth charges would be the most effective means of signaling the submarines.
		One of the spotted submarines, Soviet submarine b-59, later cataloged as C-19, is detected at 1811 east of Bermuda.
		One of the "F" class submarines contacted on October 26 is C-20/C-26 (Side number 911), detected at 0648 east of Bermuda; one is C-21, detected at 1705 east of Cuba; and one is C-23, detected at 1508 south of Cuba.
	www.gwu.edu /~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB75/subchron.htm (3527 words)

	Some national and ethnic problems in Georgia (1918-1922) - Avtandil Menteshashvili
		In the meantime, the Red Army detachments were moving fast to the Republic's frontiers.
		We understand, quite soundly and correctly, the structure and essence of the Soviet power.
		Whoever should declare it, it must be the true conductor of the great ideas of Communism.
	sisauri.tripod.com /politic/ossetia.html (3397 words)

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