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Topic: Terminator (solar)

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	Terminator (solar) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The terminator is diffuse and shows the gradual transition to darkness that is experienced as twilight on the surface.
		In the frame of reference of a rotating planet, the terminator sweeps across the surface of the planet bringing sunrise on one side of the planet and sunset on the opposite side.
		The terminator line is at its greatest angle with respect to the axis on the winter and summer solstices (around December and June 21), when it is approximately 23.5 degrees off the axis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Terminator_(solar) (431 words)

	Terminator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In astronomy, the terminator is the line between the day side and the night side of a planetary body (also known as the "grey line").
		In genetics, a terminator marks the end of a gene on the DNA for transcription.
		Terminators, in Robotech, refers to the clone elite footsoldiers of the Robotech Masters who used to serve as senate guards.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Terminator (342 words)

	UCLA - IGPP Space Physics Tutorial - Pioneer Venus Missions
		When the solar wind dynamic pressure is low relative to the peak thermal pressure of the ionosphere, the average magnetic field strength in the ionosphere is low and small filaments or ropes of magnetic flux appear.
		The magnetized solar wind is stood off by the unmagnetized ionosphere whose maximum thermal pressure, during solar maximum, generally exceeds the dynamic pressure of the solar wind [Luhmann et al., 1987].
		The solar wind flow is deflected by this barrier, but since the solar wind is supersonic, this deflection has to be accompanied by the formation of a detached bow shock as sketched in Figure 14.
	www-ssc.igpp.ucla.edu /ssc/tutorial/pvo_mission.html (5610 words)

	Real-Time Ionospheric Model
		The real-time Air Force/NOAA nowcast of the geomagnetic activity is shown on the plot left side and the current level of solar activity is specified on the plot at the bottom.
		During the winter solstice (December 22nd), the terminator is in the upper third of the frame, tangential to the latitude circle of 66.7N (Polar Circle).
		Position of the terminator for the Spring (March 22nd) and the Autumn (September 22nd) equinoxes divides the frame exactly in half.
	www.arsc.edu /SpaceWeather/curr_map_description.htm (1088 words)

	The Interaction of the Solar Wind With Venus
		However, the solar wind does not directly interact with the atmosphere and current rates of loss to the solar wind are thought to play a minor role in the evolution of the terrestrial atmosphere.
		At higher solar wind pressures, the ionopause moves to low altitudes, the current layer thickens, and a more direct interaction seems to occur in which currents are driven in the ionosphere by the solar wind electric field, i.e., by unipolar induction.
		Region 1 is the wake, 2 the rarefaction region, 3 the magnetosheath, 4 the foreshock, and 5 the undisturbed solar wind.
	www-ssc.igpp.ucla.edu /personnel/russell/papers/interact_solwind (18676 words)

	Near-Real-Time Map of Solar Zenith Angles
		Solar flares result in the attentuation of radio signals if the signals are passing through regions of the ionosphere that are sunlit (indicated by contours that are less than or equal to 90 degrees).
		The intensity of the attenuation is approximately proportional to the solar zenith angle.
		A signal that passes through the ionosphere where the solar zenith angle is low (corresponding to the region where the Sun is the highest in the sky) will experience the greatest signal loss.
	www.spacew.com /www/zenith.html (847 words)

	Pliable solar cells are on a roll - mech-tech - 18 December 2004 - New Scientist Tech
		The thin, bendy solar panels, which could be on the market within three years, are the fruit of a three-nation European Union research project called H-Alpha Solar (H-AS).
		The new solar panels will be cheap, too, because they can be mass-produced in rolls that can be cut as required and wrapped around clothes, fabrics, furniture or even rooftops.
		Conventional solar panels are made of pairs of sheets of semiconducting silicon, doped with phosphorus and boron atoms.
	www.newscientisttech.com /article/dn6802.html (595 words)

	Rotation of Europa
		The terminator longitude is objectively defined (at each latitude and for each epoch) by fitting straight lines separately to the flat night-side portion and to the sloping bright-side (which is nearly linear at these incidence angles for a Lambertian photometric function); the intersection of the straight lines is defined as the apparent terminator.
		The determination of the position of the apparent terminator was made over the full range of latitudes, generating the noisy terminator profile at the right in Fig.
		The position of the terminator (relative to the surface features) in the Galileo image should be at the position of the dashed curve in Fig.
	pirlwww.lpl.arizona.edu /HIIPS/Publications/hoppa_rotation (4531 words)

	[No title]
		The H~\lya airglow may be represented by two regions, a non-bulge region where the solar maximum sub-solar intensity is $\sim$~11~kR and a bulge region where the sub-solar intensity is $\sim$~18~kR for solar maximum conditions [Sandel et al., 1980; Clarke et al., 1991; McGrath, 1991, Ben Jaffel et al., 1993].
		One is based on the stellar and solar occulatations of the Voyager~1 ultraviolet spectrometer at Jupiter encounter in 1979, a time of solar maximum.
		Although the solar H \lya flux will actually vary over a period of 27 Jovian days, the diffusion time constant for H at the homopause in the Jovian atmosphere is similar in value [Lean 1987;1991].
	www.gps.caltech.edu /~cdp/Tex/DPAPER.OLD (2609 words)

	ESA Science & Technology: Analysis of a Solar Sail Mercury Sample Return Mission
		Solar sailing can be used to reduce lander mass allocation by delivering the lander to a low, thermally safe orbit close to the terminator.
		In addition, the ascending node of the solar sail parking orbit plane can be artificially forced to avoid out-of-plane manoeuvres during ascent from the planetary surface.
		Solar sailing reduces launch mass by 60% and trip time by 40%, relative to conventional mission concepts.
	sci.esa.int /science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=37071 (276 words)

	The Bow Shock
		At Venus, the obstacle to the solar wind flow is its ionosphere whose characteristic dimension is 1 R
		The model is consistent with the PVO observations of the response of the shock cross section in the terminator plane to the IMF orientation [ Zhang et al., 1991].
		During intervals in the solar wind upstream of the terminator, the Galileo Energetic Particle Detector [ Williams et al., 1992], the first to measure ions in the 20-280 keV energy range in the Venus environment, observed intermittent streams of ions with energies extending into the top range (120 keV to 280 keV) of the detector.
	www.agu.org /revgeophys/kivels00/node3.html (1118 words)

	POSSIBLE CAUSES FOR L
		Magnetic: Solar plasma bombards the Lunar surface, even when the Moon is in the Earth magnetic tail, and the movement of the Moon in and out of the magnetic tail changes the field strength.
		Solar Wind: Solar-wind plasma impacting the surface could produce an electric discharge, but I doubt that the energy involved is great enough to cause an effect visible from Earth.
		L.T.P.'s could, however, be caused by the explosion of chemically reactive molecules and free radicals in small hollows; and the solar wind plasma may produce such reactive molecules in rocks.
	www.ltpresearch.org /MANUAL/chap3.html (1611 words)

	Ariel, a Moon of Uranus
		This image of Ariel is a a composite of four clear filter images taken by the Voyager 2 spacecraft on January 24, 1986, from a distance of 130,000 kilometers (80,000 miles).
		Two of these images that covered the terminator on the right were smeared because of the longer exposure times.
		The largest fault valleys, near the terminator at right, as well as a smooth region near the center of this image, have been partly filled with deposits that are younger and less heavily cratered than the pitted terrain.
	www.solarviews.com /eng/ariel.htm (413 words)

	MODIS Website - Components of MODIS
		And because the Solar Diffuser has an attenuating screen, it is also able to provide two different effective albedo levels (the amount of light reflected by a surface).
		Sunlight strikes the Solar Diffuser once per orbit (at the North Pole for Terra and the South Pole for Aqua).
		Data are collected when the instrument is on the dark side of the terminator, which limits the level of stray light entering MODIS via the Earth View port.
	modis.gsfc.nasa.gov /about/soldiff.php (228 words)

	NASA - Key to Solar Eclipse Global Maps
		For each solar eclipse, an orthographic projection map of Earth shows the path of penumbral (partial) and umbral (total or annular) eclipse.
		North is to the top in all cases and the daylight terminator is plotted for the instant of greatest eclipse.
		The solar and lunar ephemerides were generated from Newcomb [1895] and the ILE [1954], respectively.
	sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov /eclipse/SEplot/SEplotkey.html (1176 words)

	Glossary of Astronomical Terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hence the barycentre of the Solar System lies inside the Sun, but not at its center because of the finite masses of all the planets in orbit about it.
		A diffuse member of the Solar System, usually with a highly elongated elliptical or parabolic orbit, which becomes visible near the Sun.
		A particular moment specified as the reference point for which the given quantities are valid, or from which time is measured.
	www.concentric.net /~marsface/glossary.htm (1592 words)

	Terminator 3: The Redemption Update - GameCube News at GameSpot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Terminator 3: The Redemption will feature plenty of gunplay and explosions.
		We got to see a level from near the end of the game, which we haven't seen before, that showed the Terminator riding a hunter-killer tank through a large industrial corridor while attempting to shoot down a bomber that was flying overhead.
		Since Terminator 3: The Redemption is officially done, there's not much more to say about the game until we review it.
	www.gamespot.com /gamecube/action/t3redemption/preview_6104926.html (722 words)

	Amazon.com: Atlas of the Lunar Terminator: Books: John E. Westfall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The choice of material (the terminator) and its reproduction for publication is excellent...
		This extraordinary Atlas is based on high resolution CCD images of the terminator area of the Moon under 47 different illuminations.
		Scanning the terminator through a small or moderate size telescope opens the world of exploration and sightseeing even to the most novice of novices.
	www.amazon.com /Atlas-Lunar-Terminator-John-Westfall/dp/0521590027 (1624 words)

	Terminator Tether - EDT Solution To Space Debris Update: Science Fiction in the News
		These great reader questions from Jerry Hollombe are answered in the comments by Dr. Robert Hoyt, co-creator of the Terminator Tether.
		The Terminator Tether (TM) from TUI may be able solve this problem.
		The Terminator Tether is bolted onto the satellite during construction.
	www.technovelgy.com /ct/Science-Fiction-News.asp?NewsNum=264 (888 words)

	[No title]
		Analytical and numerical modeling shows that IHCs can appear in the regions of strong conductance gradient, more specifically around the solar terminator line, and that the intensity of the IHCs can be comparable to the intensity of the well known Region 1/Region 2 currents.
		It is shown that in the vicinity of the solar terminator line, the pattern of magnetic perturbation can be such that an apparent equivalent current vortex can be detected.
		The largest differences are found for the transition region between the dark and sunlit ionospheres and in the midnight sector where strong conductance gradients are expected due to particle precipitation.
	library2.usask.ca /theses/available/etd-02062006-145708 (565 words)

	KSU Amateur Radio Club WØQQQ \| HF Propagation Page
		Click here to see a graph of solar flux values over the last five sunspot cycles.
		Orders of magnitude of solar flares are represented by the letters A (lowest), B, C, M and X (highest intensity).
		Solar Terrestrial Activity Graph See trends over the last few days.
	www.k-state.edu /ksuarc/solar.html (450 words)

	Re: Do moon landings occur if possible at the dark/light terminator?
		(In order to determine the location of the terminator, interpolate between phases using the date and time of the landing.) All the landings were on the daylight side of the terminator, within about 25 degrees of it.
		The first reason I thought of for landing near the terminator was lighting, and I still have a sneaking suspicion that this may be the actual reason the Apollo landers landed where they did (although see below).
		Landing just as the sun is rising at your location (in other words, landing at the terminator during the moon's waxing phases) would allow for sunlit lunar surface stays of as long as two weeks.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/2001-04/987728783.As.r.html (759 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The sharp increase in the slope of daytime Callisto spectra towards the terminator (90
		solar incidence), and sharp reduction of slope once on the night side, is well seen.
		All the steep Ganymede spectra are near the south pole (Fig.
	www.lowell.edu /users/spencer/dissn/fig18.html (56 words)

	NASA's Solar System Exploration: Dictionary
		The planets in our solar system are in heliocentric orbit around the sun.
		the point at which the solar wind meets the interstellar medium or solar wind from other stars.
		The condition of the sun being directly overhead (analogous to noon) which eliminates shadows on the surface.
	solarsystem.nasa.gov /dictionary/index.cfm?Letter=H (186 words)

	Planet Ark : Greenpeace Slams Australia for Promoting GMO Seeds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Terminator seeds come from genetically modified plants and their offspring are sterile, meaning they cannot be stored for use in future crops.
		Australia, Canada and New Zealand have lobbied hard to reopen discussion of field testing of terminator seeds at the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, in the Brazilian city of Curitiba.
		In addition to the cost to farmers, opponents say terminator seeds could spread their genes into conventional crops and make them sterile.
	www.planetark.org /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/35799/story.htm (445 words)

	The Great Globe Gallery - solar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The green oval defines the approximate shape of the diffuse auroral oval as determined by the electron precipitation sensors on-board the DMSP spacecraft.
		The approximate location of the solar terminator at an altitude of 110 km (the height at which the lower-altitude auroral lumination occurs) is shown by the gray line.
		This map is a high-resolution global map of Solar Zenith Angles, or angles indicating the elevation of the Sun above the horizon (in degrees).
	www.staff.amu.edu.pl /~zbzw/glob/solar.htm (333 words)

	Terminator turns left
		The Terminator’s name is on Gorbachev’s website as an acolyte of The Green Cross "energy glasnost" $50-billion solar energy fund, touted as "a plan to drive down the cost of solar energy over 10 years for the developing world and urban centers."
		The Terminator’s "California Energy Czar" is none other than Joe Desmond, the same Desmond who crops up for global conferences in Canada with many luminaries, including Chairman Mo (Maurice) Strong.
		The FPL Group Inc. has recently announced that it bought a large minority stake in five solar power assets in California, cementing its position as the biggest U.S. generator of solar and wind power.
	www.canadafreepress.com /2005/cover060305.htm (669 words)

	ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER ACTOR THE TERMINATOR ROBOT
		The story is about a man who is sent back from 2029 (when the world is now taken over by robots) to 1984 to protect a woman from another being called the terminator who is programed to killed her.
		Linda Hamilton plays the frightened Sarah Conner who is the target, Michael Biehn plays the soldier who must save her, and Arnold plays the terminator, who is to terminate them.
		Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003/II) (VG) (voice)....
	www.solarnavigator.net /films_movies_actors/terminator.htm (1232 words)

	California Solar Energy Rebate Super Sale Special # 7 !
		Instead they use silver electrodes which not only protects our precious environment but also enhances efficiency which is why Mitsubishi solar panels outperforms many of their competitors and gives you a bigger rebate at a better price per watt.
		In light of the solar panel shortage, many of our competitors have quit selling their own custom systems and have begun selling pre-configured systems that contain solar panels that are manufactured in India and China that only include a 20 year warranty !
		Dealing with a solar company that doesn't post their system prices on their website or who won't at least provide you with a detailed written quote for materials and at least a ballpark quote for labor before insisting on coming out to your home.
	www.partsonsale.com /theterminator.html (2596 words)

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