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Topic: Terrace (agriculture)

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	Terrace - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Terrace (agriculture), a leveled section of a hilly cultivated area, designed to slow or prevent the rapid run-off of irrigation water (see also Lynchet).
		Terrace (Road Name Designation), a suffix to the name of a street as in "Cherry Terrace" which usually denotes a road which is not a main thoroughfare.
		Bahá'í Terraces, are nineteen terraces that beautify the Bahá'í Faith's Shrine of the Báb on Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Terrace (238 words)

	Terrace (agriculture) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In agriculture, a terrace is a leveled section of a hilly cultivated area, designed as a method of soil conservation to slow or prevent the rapid run-off of irrigation water.
		The human landscapes of rice cultivation in terraces that follow the natural contours of the escarpments like contour plowing is a classic feature of the island of Bali.
		In old English, a terrace was also called a lynch and there is a fine example of a Lynch Mill in Lyme Regis, for which the water arrives via a river ducted along a terrace.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Terrace_(agriculture) (416 words)

	Agriculture, Fisheries and Aquaculture - Terrace
		Terrace systems should be planned with the aid of a topographic survey used to generate a topographic contour map with maximum 1.0 meter contours.
		Terraces shall be properly limed, fertilized and seeded with a conservation grass mixture and maintained with a permanent, weed-free sod.
		Terrace outlets shall be protected with an erosion control mat where required to prevent damage to the terrace channel.
	www.gnb.ca /0173/30/0173300012-e.asp (972 words)

	GIS and Archaeology: Using ARC/INFO to Increase Our Understanding of Ancient Jordan
		Terraces have been portrayed by some researchers as the minimum technological requirement for the establishment of settlements during the Iron Age I period (Stager, 1982; Stager, 1985).
		And finally, it is highly probable that agricultural terraces were utilized by both Iron Age I and Iron Age II farmers.
		Stager, L. The Archaeology of the East Slope of Jerusalem and the Terraces of the Kidron.
	www.casa.arizona.edu /MPP/p119/p119.html (5176 words)

	North Carolina History and Fiction Digital Library - Soil survey of Washington County, North Carolina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Topographically there are two well-defined marine terraces—the Chowan terrace, which occupies most of the western half of the county and represents the most elevated part, and the Pamlico terrace, occupying the eastern half, and representing the low, almost level part.
		The greater part of the Chowan terrace has an undulating, gently rolling surface relief and fairly good surface drainage, whereas practically all of the Pamlico terrace requires artificial drainage, and this, in many places, is accomplished by open ditches and canals.
		The soils and agriculture of Washington County are similar in many respects of those of several of the tidewater or lower coastal-plain counties of the State.
	digital.lib.ecu.edu /historyfiction/document/das/entire.html (12374 words)

	Untitled Document
		The ingenuity of terrace construction is still quite visible in the Yemeni highlands, even from the limited perspective of a vehicle on one of the main roads in the country.
		The environment of the terrace system is one in which the natural vegetative cover was removed to a large extent in the distant past, and in which some species dwindled or became extinct before the introduction of modern weapons.
		The agricultural cycle of this wadi in the medieval period is described in D. Varisco, "Agriculture in Wadi Zabid during the Rasulid Era," in Edward Keall (editor), Preliminary Report on the City of Zabid.
	www.aiys.org /webdate/terrace.html (6932 words)

	G1503 Operating and Maintaining Grassed Outlet Terrace Systems, MU Extension
		Inter-terrace erosion and terrace channel deposits increase as terrace spacing is increased and as terraces deviate from the field's natural contour.
		Your goal may be to use a plow only as required for maintaining terrace ridges and not to plow the steeper backslope and the area between the terraces.
		Common terrace problems include reduced ridge height (which can be local low spots or the entire terrace), decreased channel capacity, sediment bars and ponding of water in the channel.
	muextension.missouri.edu /explore/agguides/agengin/g01503.htm (813 words)

	Hopi Agriculture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The archaeological record shows that agriculture was introduced to the northern Southwest from Mesoamerica as early as 1500 B.C. The Hopi view of agriculture, specifically corn, differs from academic interpretations.
		Terrace irrigation is possible because of the perennial springs at each village that originally permitted settlement.
		Agriculture is an act of faith for the Hopi that serves as a religious focus as well as an economic activity.
	www.nau.edu /~hcpo-p/culture/agric.htm (354 words)

	Erosion and Agricultural Intensification
		The remains of ancient agricultural terraces are one of the most ubiquitous features of the Levantine hill country, but discovering the temporal context of these ancient terrace walls has proven to be nearly impossible.
		Stager sees terrace farming as one of the hallmarks of Iron Age I in the Judean highlands, extending the influence of the 'Ai terrace to the "nearly 100 settlements founded in the hills at this time" (Stager, 1982: 116).
		Clearly, the coming of agriculture to the region would have had a dramatic impact on the landscape and it was likely a learning process for farmers as they sought to open new areas to cultivation.
	www.casa.arizona.edu /MPP/Um_erosion/erosion_pap.html (4604 words)

	Nepal: Watershed Management in Terrace Farming
		Hence improved terrace farming is the answer to minimize environmental degradation in the Nepalese situation.
		A case study of this aspect of the BWP was undertaken in Nallu and Bhardeo areas of Lalitpur district in Kathmandu Valley in 1997.
		Terrace improvement is thus an essential element of watershed management in the hills.
	www.unescap.org /drpad/vc/conference/bg_np_17_wmt.htm (692 words)

	Agroengineering Dynamics of Post-Tiwanaku Settlements in the Otora Valley, Peru (BAR 359)
		The basic principle behind south central Andean agriculture is to construct an earth banked canal from a permanent water source to terraceable land.
		Terrace wall height and distance between individual terraces is purely function of slope with the largest and most closely packed terraces on the steepest slopes while low gradients permit the construction of shorter terrace walls.
		Incredibly, agricultural land was abandoned in a context of net agricultural expansion and demographic growth.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /ioa/stanish/BAR1987 (6781 words)

	Upland Agriculture in the Maya Lowlands: Ancient Maya Soil Conservation in Northwestern Belize - Questia Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Terracing probably originated in the earliest agricultural intensification in the Fertile Crescent, and it remains an effective way to limit soil erosion, improve water management, and provide a planting surface on steep slopes (Hurni 1988; Zurayk 1994).
		Agricultural terracing, like canal irrigation in Mesoamerica (Doolittle 1995), is a classic element of cultural ecology because it provides direct evidence of human adaptation of the land to sustain production.
		We have investigated ancient Maya terraces, soil, and agriculture across this region since 1990 to study the ancient Maya relationship with the land, to understand the age and architecture of terraces, and to track the relationships between terraces and environmental change.
	www.questia.com /PM.qst?a=o&d=5001914494 (724 words)

	AllRefer.com - terrace (Agriculture, General) - Encyclopedia
		terrace, a level field built on top of a hillslope into the floor of a deep valley to improve cultivation of crops.
		Terracing uses the runoff from the hill to increase soil retentiveness and arability and is often part of a larger irrigation system that includes canals.
		Although widespread in areas of high population pressure, such as Japan and the Philippines, it has been abandoned in some regions, such as the Mediterranean, because of its high maintenance costs.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/terrace.html (171 words)

	[No title]
		In the Mixteca Alta (Figure 1), the correlation between the agricultural terracing system known as lama-bordo and high regional population densities might suggest that population pressure caused intensification, and that powerful rulers administered the system.
		I assumed that terrace farmers lived near their agricultural terraces, and then identified and conducted extensive archaeological excavations at two Postclassic houses found on separate residential terraces at Nicayuhu.
		If the excavation revealed that the terrace was constructed in larger single episodes requiring a greater amount of planned and concentrated labor, it would suggest institutional labor organization beyond the household level.
	www.famsi.org /cgi-bin/print_friendly.pl?file=01027 (2574 words)

	Al-Khabar Summer 1997
		This is especially true in the arid and semi-arid Near East, where intensive agricultural practices, including the construction of agricultural terraces, have been used for millennia.
		Because it requires a great deal of effort to build and maintain terrace systems, it has been suggested that they were not introduced during Iron Age I, a period of relatively low population, but more likely during Iron Age II in response to the pressures of an expanding population.
		It is known that terrace agriculture played a significant role in the Iron Age II economy.
	www.gisqatar.org.qa /alkhabar/summer97/p03_1.html (1075 words)

	NJDA - Grants, Financial Assistance and Services
		Grants for agriculture, conservation, or rural development are designed to accomplish specific objectives.
		Grant requirements for agriculture generally are for existing farm operations.
		The United States Department of Agriculture and Farmers Market Consortium have released a guide which lists grants, programs and other financial and information resources available from public and private organizations to promote farmers markets by sharing practical information about funding and other resources that are available.
	www.state.nj.us /agriculture/financialassistance.htm (2816 words)

	List of Spatial Data Sets for water (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Agricultural cropping-practices in counties from the 1987 Census of Agriculture
		Agricultural expenses in counties from 1987 the Census of Agriculture
		Land in Agriculture in counties from the 1987 Census of Agriculture
	water.usgs.gov /lookup/listgistheme (208 words)

	Condo Vegetable Gardens
		But for those with a green thumb, Freesia sales manager Gregory Zayadi and assistant Lisa Cheung (right) have a proposition: Freesia is offering a garden terrace with about 60 personal plots.
		You barely notice you're in the heart of a busy city when you're on Freesia's sixth floor terrace filled with garden plots.
		And for those of you with a cat or dog, there's a pet shower on the terrace to keep roommates smelling fresh as a daisy.
	www.cityfarmer.org /condo.html (508 words)

	[No title]
		of terrace agriculture in the Colca Valley, Peru.
		In Generic environmental impact statement on animal agriculture: A summary of the literature related to the social, environmental, economic, and health effects.
		Generic environmental impact statement on animal agriculture: A summary of the literature related to manure and crop nutrients.
	bioengr.ag.utk.edu /eash/publications.html (613 words)

	Terrace lands in China Agriculture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The land is hillier and has been terraced to allow flood irrigation.
		USA has 26% of its land can be farmed while China has only 11% of its land that is farmable.
		So China must make more of its land able to be farmed by leveling the hilly land with terracing.
	www.paulnoll.com /China/Commerce/agri-Sichuan-terrace.html (102 words)

	Hebrew Bible and ANE History Lists Commentary
		This steady source of water and the diligence of the ancient farmers made possible a farming village that began in the Second Temple period and was able to survive the hardships of the land at least until the end of the Byzantine period (7th century CE).
		It is hard to imagine the city and its new neighborhoods without the farming terraces that are built along the slopes of the hills, and we are all in debt to this great human effort.
		The terraces are made of unhewn stones, and at times also from rocks that were taken apart from ancient buildings.
	toldot.blogspot.com (4877 words)

	Survey.pub.appendix 1
		The hill is faced with an agricultural wall today that could have been built to shore up the hill at the time it was used as a cemetery.
		It is composed of a series of large terraces that measure from 20 x 30 to 40 x 50 meters in dimension.
		The terraces have Early Colonial and prehispanic ceramic artifacts on the surface.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /ioa/stanish/survey.html (18257 words)

	Dr. Kuhlken's Homepage
		I have become fascinated with agricultural terraces, and believe that most terraced landscapes in the world are places of enduring utility and incredible beauty.
		A fortuitous conversation with Professor Harold Brookfield during the AAG meetings in Toronto in 1990 led me to pursue a broad study of agricultural terracing in the Fiji Islands.
		Studying irrigated terrace agriculture in Fiji: a) excavating the stone terrace wall in an abandoned system in the Nakauvadra Mountains of northernViti Levu; b) mapping an operative system on the island of Kadavu.
	www.cwu.edu /~kuhlkenr/home.html (574 words)

	Heart of Wisdom unit studies for Homeschool Charlotte Mason Approach (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Later Terrace agriculture was a common method of farming.
		Irrigated agriculture was prevalent in the river plains of Africa and Asia.
		Description Article with illustrations and map explaining the transition from hunter/gatherers to settled gardeners (horticulturists and the development of agriculture).
	homeschoolunitstudies.com /Samples/Mesopotamia/agriculture.html (418 words)

	Terrace: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		See Terraced house (Terraced house: A house that is part of a terrace).
		The spectator areas of a stadium (stadium: A large structure for open-air sports or entertainments), especially in the United Kingdom (United Kingdom: A monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland).
		A community (community: A group of people living in a particular local area) in the province of British Columbia (British Columbia: A province in western Canada) in Canada (Canada: A nation in northern North America; the French were the first Europeans to settle in mainland Canada).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/terrace (213 words)

	Schenectady County Cornell Cooperative Extension - Nutritional, Agriculture, Health and Horticulture Family Education ...
		This goes past fire house and county building and becomes Nott Terrace.
		At corner of Nott Terrace and Eastern Parkway is the Annie Schaffer Senior Center.
		On the right side of the Senior Center (still on Nott Terrace) there is a circular drive leading to the main door.
	www.cce.cornell.edu /schenectady/Directions (412 words)

	Department of Agriculture/Measurement Standards - Contact Information
		Once you pass the Adult School on the left side of the street get in the left turn lane at the Farm Bureau building.
		The Department of Agriculture/Measurement Standards is on the corner of Belle Terrace and South Mt. Vernon.
		The Department of Agriculture/Measurement Standards Office is on the corner of Belle Terrace and South Mt. Vernon.
	www.co.kern.ca.us /kernag/contact.htm (361 words)

	Mark F. Fernandez, Ph. D.
		Compare and contrast lifestyles in the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods.
		Compare and contrast the history of agricultural development in Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
		Discuss the importance of ceral grains to agricultural development.
	www.loyno.edu /~mffernan/122_rev.htm (856 words)

	BOOKS - TECHNOLOGY : AGRICULTURE, GARDENING (CURRENT POPSHOPS ITEMS) PAGE 1
		,, A classic in the field of agriculture, this one details the many significant benefits of nut trees for both the farmer and the soil.
		: OttawaOttawa: Experimental Farms Service/Dominion Deparment of Agriculture/New Brunswick Department of Agriculture, 1944,.
		A 1939 soil survey made "at the request of the potato growers in Carleton and Victoria counties" of New Bru
	hooray.popula.com /categories_fp/current/category_147 (1489 words)

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