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Topic: Testis determining factor

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	Testis determining factor - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Testis-determining factor is a general term for the gene (or product thereof) that results in maleness in humans and some other species.
		Current thinking is that certain genes will cause the chemical reactions that result in the development of testes.
		Embryos are gonadally identical, regardless of genetic sex, until a certain point in development; then the testis-determining factor causes male sex organs to develop, while lack of this factor will cause the embryo to develop as physically female.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Testis_determining_factor (96 words)

	Bladder Cancer
		A significant prognostic factor is whether the tumor is confined to the inner lining of the bladder or whether it has grown into the muscle layer.
		Green: Staging of bladder cancer means determining the extent of growth and spread, i.e., is the cancer confined to the inner lining of the bladder or does it extend into the muscle, or has it spread to other tissues or organs, e.g., lungs and liver.
		The critical issue to be determined is the stage of the cancer...
	www.urologyinstitute.com /html/bladder_cancer.html (1545 words)

	Gonadal dysgenesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This condition is due to a mutation which inhibits the function of the Y-bornedeterminant that would normally cause the indifferent embryonic gonad to differentiate into a testis.
		The presence of unilateral testis, acontralateral streak gonad and chromosomal mosaicism with both XO and XY cell lines indicate the mixed gonadal condition.
		The condition is thought to occur because the SRY gene normally located on onearm of the Y-chromosome is translocated to an X-chromosome or it is not functional at the normal location on the Y-chromosome.This gene is thought to be the testis determining factor that somehow triggers the undifferentiated gonadal tissue of the embryoto form testis.
	www.therfcc.org /gonadal-dysgenesis-8431.html (710 words)

	Eva Eicher Staff Research Page - The Jackson Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		We conclude that the apparent differences between testis development in humans and mice relating to incorrect dosage of gonadal sex determining transcription factors are best explained by genetic background diversity within a species not differences between species.
		In addition, we predict that one of the genes expressed during early differentiation of granulosa cells is the ovarian determining gene.
		We are collaborating with Richard Chaillet, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, to identify genes involved in two inherited ovarian teratoma conditions, and with Lisa Guay-Woodford, University of Alabama at Birmingham, to identify the mutated gene involved in an inherited cystic liver condition and in an inherited diabetes insipidus condition.
	www.jax.org /staff/eva_eicher.html (1492 words)

	Mellon Lab Projects
		SET expression in the gonadal ridge and testis precedes expression of P450c17, and is markedly decreased after birth, suggesting that SET regulation of P450c17 transcription may play a major role during development.
		Regulation of P450c17 transcription in the nervous system may rely on the transcription factor SET, since we showed that SET is expressed in neurons that express P450c17.
		Ongoing studies are aimed at determining the mechanism for this decline, and the ability of the neurons and glia to respond appropriately to neurosteroid stimulation.
	www.ucsf.edu /mellon/Subpages/mellonprojects.html (1189 words)

	Faculty & Research Interests at the Biochemistry Department at UTHSCSA
		Regulation of insulin-like growth factor expression and signaling throughout the lifespan.
		Structure-function relationships determining cytochrome P450-mediated eicosanoid metabolism by the CYP4A gene subfamily of mammalian P450s: heterologous expression, purification, and characterization and site-directed mutagenesis of substrate-specifying residues.
		Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene transcription is suppressed by cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate.
	www.biochem.uthscsa.edu /department/faculty.html (2810 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Acetonitrile; Community Right-to-Know Toxic Chemical Release Reporting
		In other studies, acetonitrile was not shown to produce any effects on: The testis, epididymis, and cauda epididymis weights; sperm motility, number, or morphology; or the average estrous cycle length, frequency of estrous stages, or terminal female body weight (Ref. 16).
		EPA determines whether an effect is best considered to be chronic by looking at a number of factors, among which is the length of time it takes for the effect to manifest and the extent to which it persists after exposure to the toxicant ends.
		This determination is consistent with EPA's published statement clarifying its interpretation of the section 313(d)(2) and (d)(3) criteria for modifying the section 313 list of toxic chemicals (59 FR 61432, November 30, 1994).
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-TRI/1999/March/Day-05/tri5495.htm (6175 words)

	Tumor markers
		It is measured in the tissue from a biopsy either by immunological assays of the protein or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the DNA.
		Once a diagnosis of prostate cancer is made, PSA levels can help determine the stage of the cancer, monitor the response to treatment, and watch for recurrence.
		HCG is most often used to screen for cancer of the testis or ovary.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/tumor_markers.jsp (3350 words)

	ArchaeologyInfo.com Glossary
		thin-section analysis: A technique whereby microscopic thin sections are cut from a stone object or potsherd and examined with a petrological microscope to determine the source of the material.
		This level involves regulating whether or not a gene is to be transcribed and the rate at which transcripts are produced.
		transcription factors (TFs): Specific proteins that are required for the initiation of transcription by each of the three eukaryotic RNA polymerases.
	www.archaeologyinfo.com /glossaryt.htm (2325 words)

	Integral Evolution
		The theme of this paper is that two forms of feedback between mobile and cellular protocols lead to a complex ecological relationship between the forms of transposable element and recombination processes in the cellular genome.
		The higher levels of growth factor transcripts in early embryogenesis would promote the formation of retrogenes for these genes at this time.
		Kuff E.L. (1988) Factors affecting retrotransposition of intracisternal A-particle proviral elements in Lambert et.
	www.dhushara.com /book/paps/genetic/genetica.htm (9036 words)

	Evolutionary Psychology: Entry
		Rather, the subtractive events occur through cell competition, whereby cells with the strongest patterns of innervation (primarily from sensory inputs) retain their connections and the others die.
		If individuals of a sexually reproducing species differed in the genes required to build adaptations, sexual reproduction would break apart the gene complexes necessary to build adaptations, and no adaptation would be reliably reproduced across generations.
		So, for example, if one parent possessed all the genes necessary for an adaptation, while the other parent lacked some of them, the randomness of the sampling process would make it immensely improbable that all the genes necessary for the adaptation would be present in the offspring.
	host.uniroma3.it /progetti/kant/field/ep.htm (8033 words)

	Transcription Factor/Cis-element (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		GATA binding protein 1 (globin transcription factor 1)
		GATA binding protein 2 (globin transcription factor 2)
		MADS box transcription enhancer factor 2 (related to serum response factor, C4)
	www.panomics.com /TF_TF2.cfm (238 words)

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