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Topic: Tewa language

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	Tewa (Tano) Language (Nambe, Pojoaque, San Ildefonso, San Juan, Santa Clara, Tesuque)
		Tewa (also known as Tano) is one of three Kiowa-Tanoan languages spoken by the Pueblo people of New Mexico.
		However, many Tewa speakers have decided that Tewa literacy is important for passing the language on to the children.
		The Tewa pueblos developed their own orthography (spelling system) for their language, San Juan Pueblo has published a dictionary of Tewa, and today there are Tewa language programs teaching children to read and write in most of the Tewa-speaking pueblos.
	www.native-languages.org /tewa.htm (330 words)

	Saving the Tewa Stories: A Model for Preserving Native Languages
		Six of the Tewa pueblos are located near the Rio Grande in central New Mexico; a seventh is located on a mesa in northeastern Arizona.
		Tewa culture derives from the pre-pueblo peoples known as the Anasazi, whose origins are found in archaeological sites at Mesa Verde in southwestern Colorado and extending southward to New Mexico and Arizona.
		Over the years, the Tewa language has been maintained and transmitted only in spoken form; it was not until the 1960s that the language was written down.
	www.washington.edu /research/showcase/1995a.html (730 words)

	Tewa language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tewa is a Kiowa-Tanoan language spoken by Pueblo people, mostly in the Rio Grande valley in New Mexico north of Santa Fe.
		Tewa is also spoken by the Arizona Tewa (Hopi-Tewa, Tano) who live at Hano on the Hopi Reservation in Arizona.
		Otherwise, unlike such languages as Navajo and Cherokee, Tewa is not normally written by its speakers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tewa_language (201 words)

	Kate T. Donohue / Helen Hardin
		She felt the creative source of her imagery was fueled by the expansive, imagistic, spiritual language and culture of the Tewa world.
		Tewa alone was the source of her spiritual inspiration for her creative work.
		Although Helen had a deep internal connection to the Tewa world, she was considered a "half-breed" in the Pueblo, In the 1940's though the 60's, children of mixed blood where called this in both the Anglo and Tewa worlds.
	www.ciis.edu /faculty/donohue_hardin_2001.html (6985 words)

	Profiles of Native Language Education Programs Education Programs
		To restore use of the language in everyday conversation, especially among the youth.
		Computer programs, illustrated stories written in Tewa and translated into English, poems, songs, and dances were all written by students, community members, or a storyteller and illustrator.
		The project has flourished with support or assistance from: (1) tribal government leaders, a tribal language and culture committee, and native speakers, (2) a linguist at Colorado College, and (3) the University of Washington.
	www.sedl.org /pubs/lc05/tewa.html (338 words)

	Edward S. Curtis's The North American Indian - Uncorrected OCR Text for volume 17
		THE TEWA THE Tewa Indians, a branch of the Tanoan linguistic stock, occupy five villages in the Rio Grande valley north of Santa Fe and a single pueblo adjacent to the Hopi villages on East mesa in Arizona.
		The Ohuwa ("cloud") are the Tewa equivalent of the Hopi Kachinas and the Keres Kaftina, or Shiwanna.
		THE TEWA 2I1 (Whether the fire and the serpent were housed in the same cell the grandson did not know, but possibly such was the case and the refusal of Ruiz to accept the proffered position was really due to his horror at the idea of spending a year in proximity to the reptile.
	curtis.library.northwestern.edu /ocrtext.cgi?vol=17 (17774 words)

	Tewa Indian Tribe History
		Pojoaque was inhabited by Tewa until a few years ago, when intermarriage with Mexicans and the death of the few full-bloods made it practically a Mexican settlement.
		It had been supposed that the Tano, an offshoot of the Tewa in prehistoric times, spoke a dialect distinct from that of the Tewa, but recent studies by John P. Harrington show that the differences are so slight as to be negligible.
		In 1598 Juan de Ciliate named 11 of the Tewa pueblos and stated that there were others; 30 years later Fray Alonzo Benavides reported the population to be 6,000 in 8 pueblos.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/tribes/pueblo/tewaindianhist.htm (311 words)

	Pueblo Embroidery- Culture
		The native languages of today’s Pueblo peoples are grouped into three main language families: Tano, Keres, and Zuni.
		Keres - The Keresan languages are spoken by the Acoma, Cochiti, Laguna, San Felipe, Santa Ana, Santo Domingo, and Zia Pueblos.
		Some linguists consider the Uto-Aztecan language that Hopi people speak to be a fourth division of the Pueblo language families.
	www.sarweb.org /embroidery/culture/culturelanguages.htm (146 words)

	MercuryNews.com \| 09/26/2006 \| E. Martinez, preserver of Tewa language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		At a government-run boarding school for American Indians in the 1920s, Esther Martinez was not allowed to speak Tewa, her native language.
		As an adult she became a teacher of the language and wrote a dictionary to help others learn it.
		She created workbooks and pamphlets used to teach the language and served as director of bilingual education.
	www.mercurynews.com /mld/mercurynews/news/15610533.htm (479 words)

	Indigenous Language Institute: Welcome: Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Her dedication to Indigenous language preservation is shared with her husband, Wes Studi, to ensure their son carries forth his Cherokee language and culture.
		She self-published her own language textbook, "Survival Ojibwe." She believes that Native languages need to be learned in classrooms and in the community.
		She is a fluent Tewa language speaker, a nationally-recognized community advocate and a language and culture teacher in her home community of Santa Clara Pueblo.
	www.indigenous-language.org /welcome/board.php (1017 words)

	The Ethnography of Speaking
		When only a few speakers of a language are left in a community, the survival of the language becomes almost entirely dependent on its manifest and latent functions for the personalities concerned.
		But it was partly due to the personality of the woman, who could be an informant because she had practiced the language frequently to herself in the years since all other speakers had died.
		But having kept language within culture, many seem not very sure what to do about it (except perhaps to recall that some of our brightest friends are linguists, and a credit to the profession).
	oak.cats.ohiou.edu /~thompsoc/Hymes2.html (8931 words)

	AP Wire \| 09/17/2006 \| Tewa linguist Esther Martinez dies at 94 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		ALBUQUERQUE - Esther Martinez, a Tewa storyteller and linguist who worked to preserve her native tongue, was killed in a traffic accident on her way home from accepting the nation's highest honor for folk artists, her grandson said Sunday.
		She received a standing ovation in the nation's capital for her stories and life's work preserving her native Tewa language and traditions, the release said.
		She was a major conservator of the Tewa language, teaching her native tongue from 1974 to 1989 at schools in Ohkay Owingeh, formerly known as San Juan Pueblo.
	www.kansascity.com /mld/kansascity/news/nation/15545289.htm (384 words)

	Keresan Pueblo Indian Sign Language
		KPISL is an intriguing language and is used among both Deaf and hearing individuals living on the pueblo.
		This newly discovered language, an idiosyncratic home sign language, was developed perhaps by family members in order to communicate with their offspring, siblings and relatives who have a hearing loss.
		Sign Language was found to be used among the Iroquois in New York state, the Cherokee in the southeastern region of the United States, the Eskimos in Alaska, the Navajo and Hopi in the Southwest, and by the Mayan in Old Mexico (Johnson, 1994; Scott, 1931; West, 1960).
	www.flagler.edu /about_f/gal/kelleymcgregor.html (3085 words)

	New media used to recover the Tewa language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		According to Jacobs, this project is helpful because indigenous languages, such as Tewa, that are not preserved in written form are disappearing at an alarming rate.
		Jacobs began the Tewa Language Project in 1994 with the approval of San Juan Pueblo's tribal council and in collaboration with women who were teachers within the pueblo.
		The CD-ROM is revitalizing and preserving the Tewa language for elders who were not allowed to speak or write their native language in school and for younger members who have little knowledge of their tribe's rich language.
	archives.thedaily.washington.edu /1997/060297/lang060297.html (560 words)

	Arizona Tewa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Arizona Tewa (also Hopi-Tewa, Tano, Southern Tewa, Hano, Thano) are a Tewa Pueblo group that resides on the eastern part of the Hopi Reservation on or near First Mesa in northeastern Arizona.
		The Arizona Tewa are related to the Tewa communities living in the Rio Grande Valley, such as Santa Clara and San Juan.
		Arizona Tewa is a variety of the Tewa language of Kiowa-Tanoan stock that has been influenced by Hopi (which is an unrelated Uto-Aztecan language).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tano (582 words)

	Esther Martinez; storyteller kept her Indian tongue alive; 94 \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Esther Martinez, a storyteller, linguist and teacher who dedicated herself to preserving the Tewa language of the Northern Pueblos of New Mexico, died Sept. 16 in a traffic accident in Espanola, N.M., after receiving the nation's highest honor for folk artists.
		She recalled the harsh punishment she received for speaking her Tewa language, her grandson wrote in her biography.
		She took several courses and was soon teaching the language at a day school.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20060930/news_1m30martinez.html (573 words)

	Welcome to News From Indian Country (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The NEA said in a news release that Martinez received a standing ovation for her stories and life’s work preserving her native Tewa language and traditions.
		Martinez taught her native language from 1974 to 1989 at schools in Ohkay Owingeh, formerly known as San Juan Pueblo.
		David Cloutier, executive director of the Southwestern Association for Indian Arts, said Martinez is irreplaceable because of her vast knowledge of the Tewa language.
	www.indiancountrynews.com /fullstory.cfm?ID=491 (493 words)

	Terralingua -- Indigenous/Minority Views of Language
		The importance of language in human life and in determining the place of humans in the world is stressed in most past and present cultures on earth.
		Commonly, language and self-reflection are seen as what makes people human, and identification with one's own native language(s) is a main component of individual and group identity.
		Speaking language is not taught, it is acquired.
	www.terralingua.org /IndigViews.htm (3996 words)

	VG: Artist Biography: Martinez, Esther
		It was at this school that a linguist by the name of Randy Speirs approached her about documenting the Tewa language.
		As an educator, matriarch, and community leader, learning to document the Tewa language and writing the stories of Pueblo people remained a central part of Martinez’s life.
		In the case of Esther Martinez, language was used as a form of resiliency for Tewa identity and cultural preservation.
	voices.cla.umn.edu /vg/Bios/entries/martinez_esther.html (1280 words)

	Honoring Nations 2000 >> Poeh Center: Sustaining and Constructing Legacies
		By blending cultural revitalization and economic development into a unique partnership, the Pueblo is creating new revenues and employment opportunities through its construction company, and is regaining control over its cultural future through the promise of a sustained funding stream for cultural and artistic activities.
		Located in northern New Mexico, at the confluence of three rivers, the Pueblo of Pojoaque is known in the native Tewa language as Po-suwae-geh, or “water-drinking place.” Historically, the Pueblo was a pla ce for travelers to stop and drink water, and a cultural hub for the Tewa people.
		The importance of such self-determination is particularly pronounced given the federal government’s historical policies of assimilation and acculturation, which resulted in the loss of Native languages, traditional practices and indigenous knowledge.
	www.ksg.harvard.edu /hpaied/hn/hn_2000_poeh.htm (1811 words)

	Puye Cliff Dwellings
		In the Tewa language, the name Puye translates as "pueblo ruin where the rabbits assemble or meet." Puye Cliff Dwellings is a National Landmark and is owned and operated as a cultural monument by the Pueblo of Santa Clara.
		The latter village, Tsirege, means "little bird" in the Tewa language.
		The inhabitants spoke Tewa, the current language of most of the northern pueblos in New Mexico.
	www.hanksville.org /voyage/misc/puye.html (1231 words)

	2006 NEA National Heritage Fellowships: Esther Martinez
		Esther Martinez, also known as P'oe Tswa (Blue Water), is a storyteller, linguist, and teacher who has been a major conservator of the Tewa language of the Northern Pueblos of New Mexico.
		Martinez, who is often affectionately referred to as Ko'oe (Aunt) Esther, taught the Tewa language in the San Juan Peublo schools from 1974-1989.
		She compiled Tewa dictionaries for each of the pueblos, as each has a distinct dialect, and she worked with the Wycliffe Bible translators to translate the New Testament into Tewa.
	www.arts.endow.gov /honors/heritage/Heritage06/Martinez.html (195 words)

	Tewa Language Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Tewa Language Project (phase four) leads to completion of a two cd-rom set of applications designed to provide computer based teaching of an endangered indigenous language of the American Southwest.
		The applications are designed to complement customary language teaching in the Tewa schools.
		The completion of the project depends on collaboration between Native Tewa-speakers, computer technologists, and both academic and non-academic specialists in language preservation and restoration.
	www.washington.edu /cartah/projects/99fall/jacobs.html (76 words)

	The Raw Story \| House OKs Native American languages bill
		Preservation of native cultures and language could get a boost thanks to legislation approved by the U.S. House that would establish grants for governments, colleges and other Indian language educational organizations.
		The Esther Martinez Native Languages Preservation Act, sponsored by Rep. Heather Wilson, R-N.M., is named after a Tewa storyteller and linguist who died earlier this month after returning from an awards ceremony at the National Endowment for the Arts.
		Martinez was honored at the ceremony with a National Heritage Fellowship for her stories and life's work preserving her native Tewa language and traditions.
	rawstory.com /comments/20457.html (94 words)

	Indianz.Com > News > Native language act ready for Bush's signature
		A bill named in honor of a Native language teacher who died after receiving a national award for her efforts finally cleared Congress this week.
		The 94-year-old language instructor and storyteller was killed on her way home to Ohkay Owingeh, a pueblo in northern New Mexico.
		"Considering Esther's dedication to preserving her Native language, it is a fitting tribute that this legislation be named after her," said Rep. Tom Udall (D-New Mexico), whose district includes the six pueblos where Tewa is spoken.
	www.indianz.com /News/2006/017294.asp (832 words)

	Honoring Nations 2000
		Located in northern New Mexico, the Pueblo of Pojoaque is known as Po-suwae-geh, or “Water-drinking place” in the Native Tewa language.
		Traditionally considered the cultural hub for the Tewa people, Pojoaque was a place for travelers to stop and drink water where three local rivers met.
		This dream became a reality because of the Pueblo of Pojoaque’s strategic establishment of PPCSC – a corporation that meets the construction needs of the community and the state;, serves as an important source of employment and profit;, and embraces a socially responsible mission that benefits Pojoaque, other Pueblos and their non-Indian visitors.
	www.poehcenter.com /center/poeh-cultural-center/harvard/background.html (1917 words)

	Poeh Center \| Promoting Poeh's Arts
		It embodies the essence of what it means to be Tewa in a context of cultural continuity.
		These will include orientations to both the Museum and surrounding Pueblos, demonstrations of Pueblo arts every weekend and in conjunction with scheduled tours; integration of video and audio presentations, bringing in the voice, language and stories of Pueblo elders; and increased access to the Museum’s collections for viewing and research.
		The collections area will always be staffed by a member of a Tewa-speaking Pueblo to assist researchers with content, context and interpretation.
	www.poehcenter.com /center/poeh-cultural-center/popups/promoting.html (1107 words)

	Page Title
		Project Coordinator Brenda McKenna with UNM grad students Steven Menefee and Evan Ashworth presenting on the Nanbé Tewa project at the 2006 LSA.
		The goal of this project is to produce a multimedia digital database of Nanbé Tewa.
		The database will consist of two components: 1) a database of natural discourse including conversations, stories, historical narrative, and description of traditional practices such as baking bread, making pottery and traditional dress, and farming; and 2) a dictionary database with full lexical and grammatical coverage.
	www.unm.edu /~axelrod/index_files/page0001.html (347 words)

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