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Topic: Tewfik Pasha

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Tawfiq of Egypt

Abbas II of Egypt

Pasha

Rulers and heads of state of Egypt

Said Pasha

Ibrahim Pasha

Abbas I of Egypt

Muhammad Ali of Egypt

	Tewfik Pasha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tewfik Pasha (Tawfiq of Egypt) (1852-1892) (Arabic: محمد توفيق باشا) was a khedive of Egypt.
		Tewfik's people were dissatisfied, his army disaffected; his advisers were nearly all of the adventurer class, with their own ends to gain; and he himself had neither the character of a strong ruler nor the experience that would have enabled him to secure an orderly administration of affairs.
		Before the bombardment began it was suggested to Tewfik that he should leave the city and embark either upon a man-of-war belonging to one of the neutral powers, or in his own yacht, or in a mail steamer which was then in the port.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Muhammad_Tawfiq_Pasha (1212 words)

	Encyclopedia: Tewfik Pasha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Ismail Pasha, known as Ismail the Magnificent (December 31, 1830–March 2, 1895) was khedive of Egypt from 1863 until he was removed at the behest of the British in 1879.
		TEWFIK PASHA (1852-1892), khedive of Egypt, son of the Khedive Ismail, was born on the isth of November 1852.
		Tewfik has been blamed for his failure to take a firm line with the rebels, but his attitude was governed by his relations with Britain and France, and he was unable to control events.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Tewfik-Pasha (2280 words)

	Pasha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pasha (or pascha, bashaw; Turkish: paşa) originally from Persian padshah or padeshah meaning "king") was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire political system, typically granted to governors and generals.
		Three grades of Pasha existed, distinguished by the number of yak- or horse-tails (three, two and one respectively; a symbol of Mongol tradition) or peacock tails, which the bearer was entitled to display on standard as symbol of military authority when on campaign.
		If a Pasha governed a provincial territories it could after him be called pashaluk, besides the administrative term, such as eyalet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pasha (565 words)

	Encyclopedia: Isma'il Pasha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Ismail was born at Cairo, being the second of the three sons of Ibrahim Pasha and grandson of Mehemet Ali.
		Tewfik Pasha (1852-1892) was a khedive of Egypt.
		Tewfik Pasha (Tawfiq of Egypt) (1852- 1892) was a khedive of Egypt.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Isma%27il-Pasha (2594 words)

	AllRefer.com - Tewfik Pasha (North African History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Tewfik Pasha (Muhammad Tewfik)[toufEk´ pAshA´] Pronunciation Key, 1852–92, khedive of Egypt (1879–92).
		This act provoked a nationalist uprising that forced Tewfik to appoint a cabinet hostile to the European powers.
		Tewfik, who was generally Western in his outlook, devoted much attention to educational and legal reforms.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/TewfikPa.html (238 words)

	Tewfik Pasha Biography / Biography of Tewfik Pasha Biography
		The khedive of Egypt Tewfik Pasha (1852-1892) was a mild-mannered and unfortunate young ruler during a crucial period in Egyptian history, the time of the British occupation in 1882 and the important first decade of British overrule.
		Tewfik Pasha was the eldest son of the khedive Ismail, whose vainglorious ambitions and economic adventures had led to Egyptian bankruptcy in 1876 and his deposition as khedive by the Ottoman sultan in 1879.
		Tewfik Pasha fled to British protection during the brief conflict and was restored to his position, if not power, by the British occupation troops in September 1882.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-tewfik-pasha (586 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Tewfik Pasha
		Tewfik Pasha (Tawfiq of Egypt) (1852-1892) was a khedive of Egypt.
		Son of the Khedive Ismail, was born on the 15 November 1852.
		His answer was, "I am still khedive, and I remain with my people in the hour of their danger." At his palace of Ramleh, 3 miles (5 kilometers) from the town, he was beyond reach of the shells, but his life was nevertheless imperilled.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Tewfik_Pasha (1192 words)

	TEWILK PASHA - LoveToKnow Article on TEWILK PASHA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Ismail sought this alteration mainly because he disliked his uncle, Halim Pasha, who was his heir-presumptive, and he is supposed to have imagined that he would be able to select whichever of his sons he pleased for his successor.
		He was given a palace near Cairo to live in, and for twelve years he passed an uneventful life, farming, and establishing a reputation for good sense and fair dealing with his fellah tenants.
		Tewfik has been blamed for his failure to take a firm line with the rebels, but his attitude was governed by his relations with Great Britain and France, and he was unable to control events.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /T/TE/TEWILK_PASHA.htm (2722 words)

	Pasha : Information and resources about Pasha : School Work Guru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pasha (also pasa or bashaw) was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire, typically given to governors and generals.
		Pashas ranked above beys, but below khedives and viziers.
		Although a title, and not hereditary, in English the title has commonly been used as if it were part of a personal name, as for instance in Ibrahim Pasha or Emin Pasha.
	www.schoolworkguru.org /encyclopedia/p/pa/pasha.html (153 words)

	Pasha - Unipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pasha (or pascha, bashaw; Turkish: paşa) was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire political system, typically granted to governors and generals.
		Three grades of pasha existed, distinguished by the number of horse-tails (three, two and one respectively) to which the bearer was entitled to display as symbols of authority when on campaign.
		Etymologists variously derive the word pasha from the Persian padshah, Turkish padishah, equivalent to "king" or "emperor", and from the Turkish bash (in some dialects pash), a "head", "chief", etc.
	www.unipedia.info /Pasha.html (473 words)

	Egypt and Europe in the 19th Century
		Tewfik proved too weak to control the Egyptian nationalists, however, and his reign turned out to be a disaster for all parties.
		Tewfik responded by dismissing the pro-European Prime Minister Cherif Pasha and replacing him with Mahmoud Pasha Sami, a nationalist leader.
		Under British pressure, Tewfik withdrew the remaining Egyptian forces (and their British advisors) from the Upper Nile, but not before General Gordon, a British officer employed by Egypt, was killed at Khartoum in January 1885.
	courses.wcupa.edu /jones/his312/lectures/egypt.htm (1588 words)

	Abbas II
		Abbas Hilmi Pasha or Abbas II (July 14, 1874 - 1944) was the last khedive[?] of Egypt (January 8, 1892 - 1914).
		Abbas Hilmi Pasha was the great-great-grandson of Mehemet Ali[?].
		He succeeded his father, Tewfik Pasha[?], as khedive of Egypt.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ab/Abbas_II.html (439 words)

	Tewfik Pasha
		His answer was, "I am still khedive, and I remain with my people in the hour of their danger." At his palace of Ramleh, 3 miles from the town, he was beyond reach of the shells, but his life was nevertheless imperilled.
		Tewfik showed his courage equally during the cholera epidemic at Alexandria in 1883.
		On occasion, however, he acted on his own initiative, as when in June 1888 he dismissed Nubar Pasha and summoned Riaz Pasha to form a ministry -- an action influenced, nevertheless, by Tewfik's knowledge of the divergence of views between Nubar and the British agent.
	www.nndb.com /people/105/000098808 (1167 words)

	STRAITS Chapter 6
		In desperation the 73-year-old Said Pasha, long associated with Abdul Hamid, and whose previous term of office in the wake of the Young Turk uprising of 1908 had lasted but a fortnight, was appointed Grand Vizier on 30 September to preside over a cobbled-together coalition.
		They also proposed, in an attempt to break the deadlock on the field of battle, to modify their previous offer regarding Tripoli by creating instead an autonomous vassal state under an Arab dynasty but, this time, with a nod to the Italians who would be able to participate in the administration in an advisory capacity.
		Tewfik called on Nicolson to say that, when the Turkish Ambassador in Paris had approached the French Foreign Minister to put pressure on Italy to formulate peace proposals, de Selves had recommended that the Turks appeal to London instead.
	www.manorhouse.clara.net /book2/chapter6.htm (4229 words)

	Tewfik Doss Pasha
		The bond between the Tewfik Dosses and the Haile Selassis besides being one of religion was also one of trust and respect.
		Since Tewfik Doss Pasha was a director in several of Egypt's blue chip companies, it was not unusual to find the captains and kings of Egypt's economy gathered at his house.
		Tewfik Doss Pasha died in 1950 and was buried with all the honors due his stature and rank.
	www.egy.com /landmarks/05-01-01.shtml (1363 words)

	Ismail Pasha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Ismail Pasha, 1830–95, ruler of Egypt (1863–79), son of Ibrahim Pasha.
		His attempt to throw off foreign control in 1879 was answered by the Ottoman sultan's deposing him in favor of his son Tewfik Pasha.
		Tewfik Pasha - Tewfik Pasha (Muhammad Tewfik), 1852–92, khedive of Egypt (1879–92).
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0825619.html (256 words)

	Wikipedia: Khedive
		"Khedive" (from Pers for "lord") was a title created in 1867 by the Ottoman sultan for the then-governor of Egypt, Ismail Pasha.
		Ismail's son Tewfik Pasha inherited the title, as did Tewfik's son Abbas.
		Abbas was deposed by the British in 1914, and the title ended with him.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/k/kh/khedive.html (95 words)

	Egypt on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Said was followed by Khedive (viceroy) Ismail Pasha, whose rule was characterized by accelerated economic development, Westernization, and the establishment of Egyptian autonomy.
		In 1879, Ismail was compelled to abdicate in favor of his son Tewfik Pasha, who was confronted with financial and political chaos; his situation was complicated by the outbreak of a nationalist and military revolt (1881-82) under Arabi Pasha.
		After the war Egyptian nationalists of the Wafd party, led by Zaghlul Pasha, were especially vigorous in their demands for freedom.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/E/Egypt.asp (5662 words)

	TEWFIK PASHA (1852-1892) - Online Information article about TEWFIK PASHA (1852-1892)
		Tewfik has been blamed for his failure to take a See also:
		action influenced, nevertheless, by Tewfik's knowledge of the divergence of views between Nubar and the British agent.
		She was his only wife and Tewfik was a strong See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /TAV_THE/TEWFIK_PASHA_1852_1892_.html (1541 words)

	[No title]
		They stated very clearly that if matters were not to be discussed on those lines, they would be obliged to break off the conference, and tell their various governments that Turkey could only be made to obey by force of arms.
		After consulting with his Government, Tewfik Pasha replied that the Porte was willing to accept the frontier suggested--with some slight alterations.
		They one and all declined to discuss it, and informed Tewfik that they would adjourn until he brought a written acceptance of the frontier as they had designated it, and the meeting broke up with unpleasant feeling on both sides.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/1/5/9/1/15916/15916.txt (9344 words)

	Khedive - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Khedive (from Persian for "lord", also known as "viceroy") was a title created in 1867 by the Ottoman Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz for the then-governor of Egypt, Ismail Pasha.
		When World War I broke out in 1914, Egypt belonged to Turkey and was ruled by a Khedive.
		Egypt had gained the position after Mehemet Ali led a rebellion against the Ottoman sultan and became the ruler of Egypt.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Khedive (148 words)

	Wants An Armenian Inquiry -nyt19190313 - Armeniapedia.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Tewfik says that ever since 1876 Russia has done her utmost to bread ill-feeling between the Armenians and their Mussulman compatriots.
		This, he says, is a historical fact, as demonstrated by the publication of the secret Russian archives by the revolutionists in Petrograd.
		The Mussulman criminals have been arrested and will be punished as public opinion in Turkey demands, with the extreme rigor of the law.
	www.armeniapedia.org /index.php?title=Wants_An_Armenian_Inquiry_-nyt19190313 (294 words)

	Muhammad Tawfiq Pasha -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Muslim politician, political agitator, and journalist whose belief in the potency of a revived Islamic civilization in the face of European domination significantly influenced the development of Muslim thought in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
		Isma'il, the son of Ibrahim Pasha, who succeeded on the death of Sa'id, displayed some of his grandfather's dynamic energy and enthusiasm for modernization.
		When Muhammad 'Ali (also spelled Mehemet Ali) was named pasha of Egypt by the Ottoman Empire, he founded a dynasty that ruled for more than 100 years and paved the way for the modern Egyptian state.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9071431?tocId=9071431 (776 words)

	THE HOUSE OF CHAMSI, December 17, 1994
		It was in Amin Chamsi's home that Khedive Mohammed Tewfik Pasha was the honored guest during his inspection tour of the Nile Delta in April 1880.
		The mudir or governor of Zagazig was a near relative of Prime Minster Riaz Pasha.
		Arifa, the eldest of the three daughters married Ahmed al-Alfy Pasha, a scion of the famous Alfy clan of mamelouk origin, from whom she had one daughter, Bahia al-Alfy.
	www.egy.com /people/94-12-17.shtml (9259 words)

	Abbas II by Evelyn Baring Cromer at Questia Online Library
		Tewfik Pasha 's last illness--Measures adopted after his death-- Arrival of Abbas II.
		CHAPTER II Position of the Khedive--Change of Ministry in England -- Effect produced in Egypt --Local situation in November-- Illness and dismissal of Mustapha Pasha --Correspondence with Rosebery -- Riaz Pasha is appointed
		Relations with Tewfik Pasha --Abbas II.'s covetousness of wealth --His courtesy and sense of humour--The administration of the Wakfs--The Mehkemeh Sheraieh--The Cadi--The case of Ahmed Seif-el-Din --Intrigues with Constantinople --Protection afforded to the Young Turks--Leon Fehmi -- Seizure of correspondence--Case of Osman Pasha Bederkhan --Mutiny of a fl regiment--Conclusion.
	www.questia.com /library/book/abbas-ii-by-evelyn-baring-cromer.jsp (1010 words)

	Tewfik Pasha - Facts from the Encyclopedia - Yahoo! Education (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Tewfik Pasha - Facts from the Encyclopedia - Yahoo!
		Education > Reference > Encyclopedia > Tewfik Pasha
		(Muhammad Tewfik) (toufēk´ päshä´), 1852—92, khedive of Egypt (1879—92).
	messenger.yahooligans.com /reference/encyclopedia/entry/TewfikPa (167 words)

	Greenwood Publishing Group : Tel El-Kebir 1882
		In 1881 the Egyptian army mutinied from Tewfik Pasha, the Khedive of Egypt, whose father's reforming policies had bankrupted the country, and forced him to appoint Said Ahmed Arabi as Minister of War in early 1882.
		In March Arabi was made a Pasha and from this time on acted as a dictator.
		The British, already worried at Arabi's rise were further concerned when his inflamed supporters threatened to commit a massacre of all foreigners in Egypt.
	www.greenwood.com /books/printFlyer.aspx?sku=C8630 (276 words)

	[No title]
		With an inventory of 1000's of Vanity Fair Prints in stock we have access to almost all the 2358 Vanity Fair Prints that were produced in the 45 years of the magazine's circulation.
		This is Mehemed Tewfik Pasha and is dated July 20th 1883.
		Complete, though image was restricted in size due to limitations of the scanning surface.
	www.vanityfairprints.com /pages/0000001013.html (400 words)

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