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Topic: Texas horned lizard

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Horned lizard

Phrynosoma hernandesi

Desert horned lizard

Phrynosomatidae

Lizard

Binomial nomenclature

Water moccasin

Horned lizard

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	Digimorph - Phrynosoma cornutum (Texas horned lizard) - whole
		Horned lizards are readily distinguished from other lizards by their wide dorso-ventrally flattened body, skull adorned with a crown of horns, and spiny skin.
		Texas horned lizard populations have declined significantly in Texas and Oklahoma.
		Timothy Rowe of The University of Texas at Austin.
	www.digimorph.org /specimens/Phrynosoma_cornutum/whole (621 words)

	Texas Horned Lizard
		Horned lizards or "horny toads" are small lizards with bodies so flattened that they are almost circular in shape.
		Horned lizards are masters of camouflage, generally relying on their coloration for protection and sometimes even partially burying themselves in sand.
		If their camouflage fails, horned lizards have a final defense; they can squirt droplets of blood from their eyes, potentially confusing a predator and allowing them to escape.
	www.uga.edu /srelherp/lizards/phrcor.htm (294 words)

	Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma spp.)
		Horned lizards are found throughout the Sonoran Desert region from near sea level up to 11,300 feet (3440 m).
		Some species are widespread, such as the round-tailed and Texas horned lizards which occur in several U.S. and Mexican states, while the flat-tailed horned lizard (P. mcalli) is restricted to southwestern Arizona, extreme southeastern California, a small part of northeastern Baja California and the upper neck of northwestern Sonora, Mexico.
		Horned lizards are no exception to the general rule that lizards are not attracted to dead insects as food—the ants must be alive and moving for the lizard to show interest in them as prey.
	www.desertmuseum.org /books/horned_lizard.html (776 words)

	The Cold Blooded News - Vol.29, No.2, Feb. 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Horned lizards are extremely specialized in both diet and the environmental requirements of temperature, humidity, and proper lighting.
		Texas horned lizards have 6 large cranial horns, with the middle 2 being the largest and the outer pairs joined at the base.
		Short-horned lizards are found throughout most of the mountainous regions of New Mexico and often incorrectly identified as a young Texas horned lizard or a large round-tailed horned lizard.
	coloherp.org /cb-news/Vol-29/cbn-0202/index.php (2386 words)

	Horned Lizards - Any one else got a short horned lizard?
		The Texas horned lizard has a double row of spines on each side of the abdomen, the short-horned lizard has but a single row, and the roundtail horned lizard has none at all.
		Horned Lizards are from the subfamily: Phrynosomatinae, genus: Phrynosoma.
		Horned lizards are not the easiest lizard to keep and should not be kept by beginners.
	www.repticzone.com /forums/HornedLizards/messages/146615.html (1524 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		The Texas horned lizard is the most widely known and the most prevalent in the state, and in 1993 was officially designated the state reptile by the Texas legislature.
		The Texas horned lizard, commonly called the "horny toad," is typically 2½ to 4 inches long and has a short, pointed snout, a broad, flat body, and a short tail.
		Originally, protection for the Texas horned lizard was sought because it was being overcollected for the pet and curio trades and for trading by the Boy Scouts at national jamborees.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/HH/tdhyk.html (736 words)

	Texas Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum): Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The ventral surface of the lizard is either gray or tan.
		The dorsal surface of the lizard is tan or gray with white and red or yellow highlights.
		There is a pattern of dark spots on the dorsal surface of the lizard, which correspond to the location of the dorsal spines.
	www.animals-online.be /reptiles/texas_horned_lizard.html (188 words)

	Texas horned lizard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Texas horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum) is one of 14 North American species of spikey-bodied reptiles called horned lizards.
		The Texas horned lizard is the largest-bodied and most widely distributed of 8 species in the United States.
		About 70% of the Texas horned lizard's diet is made up of harvester ants, though they supplement these with termites, beetles, and grasshoppers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Texas_horned_lizard (444 words)

	NPWRC :: A Survey of Herpetofauna
		Texas horned lizards were one of the species of primary focus for the larger survey, so much more effort went into locating animals and appropriate habitat.
		Texas horned lizards (Phrynosoma cornutum) were frequently encountered on both sections of the Grasslands in shortgrass prairie habitat of good quality (not farmed, overgrazed, etc.), and much of the range statewide is within the Grasslands.
		Texas horned lizards appear to be much more heat-tolerant (and perhaps dependent?) than short-horned lizards, and their main activity period is in the hottest summer months.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/herps/comaherp/results.htm (4955 words)

	Horned Lizards
		This name apparently was given to the lizards both because of their horns and because horned lizards are sacred to many people due to their blood squirting behaviors, otherwise considered weeping tears of blood.
		Horned lizards are a rather fecund group, and lay or give birth to many offspring compared to other lizards.
		Horned lizards have evolved a variety of mechanisms to avoid their predators which include loggerhead shrikes, hawks, roadrunners, a variety of snakes, coyotes and foxes.
	uts.cc.utexas.edu /~varanus/phryno.html (1931 words)

	Researchers to Determine if Horned Lizards Get Malaria
		Texas horned lizards have been called horned toads or horned frogs, but they are, in fact, lizards.
		The Texas horned lizards can be distinguished from other species of horned lizards by the two very sharp spikes that protrude from the back of their heads, two rows of fringed scales on their sides, dark brown to sooty-colored dorsal spots edged with lighter colors and a light-colored stripe down the middle of their back.
		Today, Texas horned lizards are found in the southeastern tip of Arizona and Colorado, southern and eastern New Mexico, most of Kansas and Texas and all of Oklahoma.
	www.tamuk.edu /news/1999/april/lizardswithmalaria.htm (922 words)

	TAMUK Study Looks at Decline of Horned Lizards
		While many Texans have fond memories of finding the Texas horned lizard or 'horny toad' in their backyard as they were growing up, population decline of the reptile has made that a rarity today.
		The Texas horned lizard can be distinguished from other species of horned lizards by the two very sharp spikes that protrude from the back of their head, two rows of fringed scales on their sides, dark brown to sooty-colored dorsal spots edged with lighter colors and a light-colored stripe down the middle of their back.
		The Horned Lizard Conservation Society is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the conservation and recovery of the declining horned lizard populations.
	www.tamuk.edu /news/archive/arch98/june/hornedlizards.html (980 words)

	[No title]
		Clutch sizes in certain horned lizards are still larger, averaging 24.3 in the American phrynosomatid Phrynosoma cornutum (the Texas horned lizard).
		For example, it has been suggested that all members of the lizard genus Anolis lay but a single egg because the ancestral stock was arboreal and encountered intense selection against being weighted down by a heavy egg load, becoming genetically fixed at a clutch size of one (Andrews and Rand 1974).
		Clutch sizes in certain horned lizards are still larger, averaging 24.3 in the American iguanid Phrynosoma cornutum (the Texas horned lizard).
	uts.cc.utexas.edu /~varanus/reprotactics.html (3645 words)

	Texas Symbols, Reptile: Texas Horned Lizard - SHG Resources
		The Horned Lizard is often seen as a symbol of strength and important as a symbol for healing (Pianka and Hodges).
		The dorsal surface of the lizard is tan or gray with white and red or yellow highlights (Bockstanz 1998).
		The invasion of Texas by the fire ant (Sclerosises invicta) and the consequent extensive use of insecticides in an attempt to control them, has at the same time reduced the population of harvester ants, greatly diminishing the food supply for the horned lizard.
	www.shgresources.com /tx/symbols/reptile (1352 words)

	puretexan.com Texas Horned Toad Info
		The round-tailed and mountain short-horned horned lizards are restricted to the western portions of the state.
		Horned lizards are ant specialists and Texas Horned Lizards, in particular, eat a large number of harvester ants.
		Horned lizards are marked most commonly by the implantation of a passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag which when scanned provides an identification number.
	www.puretexan.com /horntoad.shtml (928 words)

	Horned lizard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The horned lizard is able to do this by restricting the blood flow leaving its head, thereby increasing blood pressure and rupturing tiny vessels around the eyelids.
		In California, Texas, and other states, horned lizards are considered threatened and given state protection, though none are on the federal endangered species list.
		Cape Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma coronatum coronatum (Blainville, 1835)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Horned_lizard (776 words)

	National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure: Archives
		Over 2,500 base pairs representing four genes from horned lizards were sequenced, aligned, combined with morphological data used in previous studies, and used in phylogenetic analyses to reconstruct the relationships between horned lizard species.
		Structural information was acquired from preserved horned lizard museum specimens using a high-resolution CT scanner at the National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported University of Texas High-Resolution X-ray Computed Tomography Facility.
		Eventually, images of each horned lizard species’ head will be created from the CT data using visualization software, to reveal both the external configurations and the internal structures of the specimens.
	www.npaci.edu /envision/v19.2/lizards.html (1077 words)

	[No title]
		Rather, it was that endearing reptilian gargoyle known to scientists as the "Texas Horned Lizard," and to the rest of the world as the horny toad.
		The horned lizard was designated the Texas state reptile in 1992, by unhappy coincidence, the same year a study was published documenting its precipitous decline in many areas.
		The Texas Horned Lizard doesn't exist in East Texas anymore, except for a few informal reintroductions, and the species will continue to decline in Central and Northern Texas as cities continue to grow," said Wendy Hodges, a University of Texas at Austin graduate student who co-authored the 1992 study.
	texnews.com /news/hornedtoad052996.html (1337 words)

	Texas State Reptile - Texas Horned Lizard
		The Texas Horned Lizard, or "Horny Toad" is the state reptile of Texas.
		Ancient American Indians of the Southwest (the Anasazi and the Mimbres) depicted horned lizards on pottery and in petroglyphs.
		In recent times, the horned lizards' habitat has shrunk, imported fire ants have supplanted their food supply, and their numbers have declined drastically.
	www.statesymbolsusa.org /Texas/Texas_Horned_Lizard.html (216 words)

	Valley Morning Star Online Edition
		Found in the western and southern parts of Texas, eastern half of New Mexico, Oklahoma and parts of Kansas, Colorado and Arizona, the Texas horned lizard is one strange animal.
		Horned lizards’ diets are predominantly harvester ants but they have been known to eat termites, beetles and grasshoppers.
		The Texas horned lizard has the stuff for which legends are made.
	valleystar.com /articles/2006/08/20/rio_living/rio_living1.txt (459 words)

	Horned Lizards (DesertUSA)
		Of all the North American lizards, Horned Lizards are the most fearsome-looking and distinctive by virtue of the pointed, protruding "horns" above their eyes.
		The Coast Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma coronatum), which is found in coastal and cismontane California, crosses to the east side of the Baja Peninsula, actually making contact with the Desert Horned Lizard in the vicinity of Bahía de Los Angeles.
		Horned Lizards are neat creatures but hard to keep because most of them are obligate ant eaters and, at that, eat a very limited number of species of ants.
	www.desertusa.com /april96/du_hliz.html (1333 words)

	Texas Horned Lizard: WhoZoo
		The Texas Horned Lizard spends most of their heating up their bodies from the sun, eating harvester ants and chasing away predators.
		Texas horned lizards collect water by "rain harvesting." They raise and flatten their bodies, then lower the head to collect water flowing along channels formed by their scales.
		The Texas Horned Lizard is the State Reptile of Texas.
	www.whozoo.org /AnlifeSS2001/natdavid/NGD_HornedLizard.htm (566 words)

	Horned lizards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The texas horned lizard is the largest of the horned lizards in the state and is found throughout the range of this work.
		The roundtail horned lizards are found throughout the range of this work.
		The mountain short-horned lizard is currently reported from two limited populations, one in the Davis Mountains and one in the Guadalupe Mountains.
	herpo.com /trans-pecos/lizards/phryno.html (348 words)

	Wildcat Bluff Wildlife
		This baby Texas Horned Lizard is only about the size of a dime.
		At least four species, including the Texas horned lizard, also have the ability to squirt an aimed stream of blood from the corners of the eyes for a distance of up to 3 feet.
		In recent years, the Texas horned lizard has declined in about 30% of its range, though there is some indication it may be making a comeback.
	www.wildcatbluff.org /horned_lizard.html (319 words)

	The Texas Horned Lizard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Linam, a biologist with the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department's Wildlife Science, Research, and Diversity Program, is the coordinator of the Texas Horned Lizard Watch and current president of Texas Chapter of the Horned Lizard Conservation Society.
		Linam will discuss the biology of the horned lizards, reasons for their decline and ongoing conservation actions.
		Texas horned lizards were once very common across the state but have all but disappeared from the eastern third of the state in the past 30 years.
	www.fredericksburgnaturecenter.org /NatureSeries/Feb2005PreRel.htm (258 words)

	Texas Tech University Press -- Horned Lizards (Revised Edition)
		Horned lizards, or horny toads, as they are popularly known throughout the West, have long had a particular mystique in American folklore.
		In Texas, two of the three native species, the Texas horned lizard and the mountain short-horned lizard, are now designated as threatened.
		Jane Manaster has written this book for a general audience, but she treats all aspects of the lizards’ biology as well as the horned lizard’s place throughout the culture of the West.
	www.ttup.ttu.edu /books/HORNEDLIZARDS.html (242 words)

	Lizard Reports
		Active lizards such as peacock day geckos use their sight and speed to not get caught by their predators.They can hide under stones or in the ground when they are not active.The predators of the peacock day gecko are large birds like owls, snakes and other large animals.
		The long spined horned lizard proects itself by filling its body with air and turning their head around in an attempt to scratch you.
		The legless lizard is also related to glass lizard and the legless lizard is not endangered and is diurnal.
	www.orange.k12.oh.us:16080 /teachers/mhs/ckessler/lizardreports.html (2257 words)

	Have backpack, will travel: scientists use backpacks to track Texas horned lizard Airman - Find Articles
		Nestled among the prairie grass of Tinker's Urban Greenway nature reserve area, a group of Texas horned lizards outfitted with tiny transmitter-equipped backpacks participate in a scientific study observing their behavior in the wild.
		By studying the horned lizards, scientists hope to better understand the complexity of the lizards' habitat, halt their steady decline, and find ways for man and reptile to coexist peacefully.
		Working from his grandmother's basement, he modifies existing backpacks used for studying larger lizards in Texas to fit the smaller lizards they found in the approximately 210-acre habitat in the southwestern section of the base.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IBP/is_6_48/ai_n6121227 (568 words)

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