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Topic: Texture (crystalline)

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	Champlain Stone \| Glossary of Stone Terms
		-granite gneiss- a foliated crystalline rock composed essentially of silicate minerals with interlocking and visibly granular texture, and in which the foliation is due primarily to alternating layers, regular or irregular, of contrasting mineralogic composition.
		According to their mineralogic compositions, gneisses may correspond to other rocks of crystalline, visibly granular, interlocking texture, such as those included under the definition of commercial granite, and may then be known as granite gneiss if strongly foliated, or gneissic granite if weakly foliated.
		They possess an interlocking crystalline texture, but unlike granites, they contain little or no quartz or alkalic feldspar, and are characterized by an abundance of one or more of the common fl rock-forming minerals (chiefly pyroxenes, hornblende, and biotite).
	www.champlainstone.com /rockuniversity/glossary.html (7615 words)

	NREL: Measurements and Characterization - X-Ray Diffraction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This XRD is used for identifying the crystalline phases in solid materials and powders.
		X-ray diffraction is a versatile, non-destructive technique used for identifying the crystalline phases present in solid materials and powders and for analyzing structural properties (such as stress, grain size, phase composition, crystal orientation, and defects) of the phases.
		Determines the texture (orientation of the crystallites) in the sample using several diffractometer techniques.
	www.nrel.gov /measurements/xray.html (363 words)

	Ceramics Division Film Characterization and Properties
		A conventional theta-2theta scan of a Bragg peak from the textured planes is recorded, and also an omega-scan (rocking curve) at the Bragg peak scattering angle.
		Texture in tape cast alumina containing c-axis template grains has been studied with the rocking curve and other techniques.
		A workshop on "Texture in Electronic Applications" was held at NIST on October 10 and 11, 2000.
	www.ceramics.nist.gov /webbook/TexturePlus/texture.htm (338 words)

	Texture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Texture is sometimes used to describe the feel of non-tactile sensations.
		Texture (painting), the feel of the canvas based on the paint used and its method of application.
		Texture (crystalline), the property of a material's individual crystallites sharing some degree of orientation
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Texture (245 words)

	thePET.info -. kiss, the, texture, mainstream, liszt, punk, jam, imitation, haydn, sash (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Kisses on the cheek as salutations are traditional in many parts of continental Europe, and the number of kisses, alternating cheeks, depends on which region one comes from.
		orange peel texture can also be termed as a free pattern that has been scaled down (especially in case of two dimensional non-tactile textures) where the individual elements that go on to make the pattern are not distinguishable.
		Unaware of the french presence, in january, 1765 english captain john byron explored and claimed saunders island, at the western end of the group, where he named the harbour of port egmont, and sailed near other islands, which he also claimed for king george iii of great britain.
	www.thepet.info /Kiss.html (1465 words)

	Resources for Lab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Note the interlocking mosaic of pink and brown minerals that is characteristic of a crystalline texture.
		In this sedimentary rock, the lighter layers consist of small crystals of calcite that crystallized within a large lake and then settled to the bottom to form a layer with crystalline texture.
		The layers form bedding, which appears similar to, but must be differentiated from, the foliation characteristic of some metamorphic rocks.
	geology.ou.edu /~msoreg/G1104/rock_cycle/crystalline.html (152 words)

	Textur
		For the case of an isotropic texture (left) in which all orientations occur with the same probability, the behavior of the polycrystalline material is isotropic even though every single element (crystallite) shows an anisotropic behavior.
		By the systematic generation of certain textures, the anisotropic properties of a material can be varied between the described boundary cases and thus be adapted to their given conditions of use.
		Texture calculation from pole figures, which is the aim of the MulTex program, is a tomographic problem (in the orientation space) whose solution is based on the knowledge of the projection path.
	www.texture.de /Multex-Dateien/crash_e.htm (1500 words)

	Metamorphic Rock Textures
		Slaty Texture - This texture is caused by the parallel orientation of microscopic grains.
		Schistose Texture This is a foliated texture resulting from the suhparallel to parallel orientation of platy minerals such as chlorite or micas.
		A schistose texture lies between the parallel platy appearance of phyllite and the distinct banding of gneissic texture.
	geology.csupomona.edu /alert/metamorphic/mtexture.htm (529 words)

	Popular Singer Biography, Discography, lyric, Download mp3. broadcast, polemics, meter, texture, shape, percussion, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Texture is sometimes used to describe the feel of non- tactile sensations.
		A shivaree is a clamorous salutation made to a newlywed couple by an assembled crowd of neighbors and friends.
		Common aesthetic design principles include ornamentation, edge delineation, background free texture, flow, solemnity, symmetry, color, granularity, the interaction of sunlight and shadows, transcendence, and bone thug n harmony crossroads.
	www.polemo.info /Broadcast.html (754 words)

	The Rock Cycle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Further, it is most common for only one mineral to crystallize at a time because the saturation state (the level of atoms in the solution needed to begin crystallization) differs for each mineral.
		Clastic rocks (and sometimes crystalline rocks) may show bedding, which is a horizontal orientation to the minerals caused by successive accumulation of layers.
		The composition of crystalline sedimentary rocks is generally limited to one or two minerals.
	geology.ou.edu /~msoreg/G1104/rock_cycle/sedimentary1.html (249 words)

	Scott Stone : Photo Gallery
		(NOTE: All limestones are microscopically, or in part megascopically, crystalline; the term is thus confusing but should be restricted to stones that are completely crystalline and of megascopic and interlocking texture and that may be classed as marbles).
		Granite (scientific definition) - a visibly granular, crystalline rock of predominantly interlocking texture, composed essentially of alkalic feldspars and quartz; this is true granite.
		granite gneiss- a foliated crystalline rock composed essentially of silicate minerals with interlocking and visibly granular texture, and in which the foliation is due primarily to alternating layers, regular or irregular, of contrasting mineralogic composition.
	www.scottstone.com /sss/glossary.html (7710 words)

	Fine-Grained (Aphanitic) Textures
		Fine-grained textures generally indicate magmas that rapidly cooled at or near the Earth's surface.
		The fl part of the rock is fresh, the rust and greenish gray parts have been weathered (the minerals have partially broken down due to reaction with water and naturally occurring acids).
		You can see in this close up of the boulder shown above a crystalline texture, but the individual grains are less than 1 mm across (and are too small to identify by eye).
	www.pitt.edu /~cejones/GeoImages/2IgneousRocks/IgneousTextures/2FineGrained.html (209 words)

	Mesozic Laboratory
		Texture: refers to the size, shape, and arrangement of the crystals or grains composing the rock.
		It is a consequence of the physical and chemical conditions under which it formed and, perhaps, some of the processes that have acted on the rock since that time.
		Nonfoliated metamorphic rocks lack flat mineral crystals with parallel alignment, instead, crystals are all about the same size and are interlocked in a crystalline texture.
	www.purdue.edu /eas/mesozoic/lab_02.html (94 words)

	Case Studies - PTTC Rockies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This moldic "Swiss cheese" texture is well illustrated in the lower half of this low-magnification view.
		Coarse, blocky, mono-crystalline anhydrite (bright yellow here) is the dominant void-filling mineral, but close inspection of this view reveals small patches of an isotropic pore fill (center, likely halite).
		Texture here suggests that the isotropic mineral precipitated earlier, but it could also be replacing anhydrite.
	www.mines.edu /research/PTTC/casestudies/lecrr/plate4.html (210 words)

	Roughness and Texture Correlation of Al Films Journal of Electronic Materials - Find Articles
		The surface roughness, reflectivity, and crystalline texture of Ti on SiO^sub 2^/Si and Al on TiN/Ti/SiO^sub 2^/Si were investigated with the same thickness of Al, TiN, and Ti.
		To find a quick monitor scheme of Al and Ti texture, the relationship of the surface roughness, reflectivity, and crystalline textures of Al films and Ti films were investigated in detail.
		The textures of the Al and Ti films were examined by the rocking curve of the Al(IIl) and Ti(0002) planes.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3776/is_200510/ai_n15741548 (849 words)

	ANSWER CHECK - TEXTURE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Describe a situation in nature where a melt begins to cool at one rate and then is placed in a new situation where the rate of cooling increases, and eventually results in a crystalline solid that has two distinct grain sizes.
		Briefly describe one or more natural environments in which the material out of which a rock is made may develop an oriented texture due to compression and rotation.
		Briefly describe one or more natural environments in which the material out of which a rock is made may develop an oriented texture due to compression and selective growth.
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /geology/leveson/core/topics/rocks/ans_check_texture.html (723 words)

	ROCK TEXTURE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Texture refers to the sizes and shapes of grains, the relationships between neighboring grains, and the orientation of grains within a rock.
		In a mineralogical context, 'crystalline' means that the atoms within a substance are arranged in a regular, geometric fashion.
		In a textural context, 'crystalline' means that the grains in a rock have an interlocking relationship.
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /geology/leveson/core/topics/rocks/rock_texture/rock_texture.html (753 words)

	Robert Chambers, "Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation," Ch. 3, 1844 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		It appears that the basis rock of the earth, as it may be called, is of hard texture, and crystalline in its constitution.
		We are thus to presume that that crystalline texture of rock which we see exemplified in granite is the condition into which the great bulk of the solids of our earth were agglomerated directly from the nebulous or vaporiform state.
		It is a condition eminently of combination, for such rock is invariably composed of two or more of four substances—silica, mica, quartz, and hornblende—which associate in it in the form of grains or crystals, and which are themselves each composed of a group of the simple or elementary substances.
	www.stephenjaygould.org /library/vestiges/chapter03.html (1517 words)

	GO 240 Hand Specimen Petrology at Emporia State University - Sedimentary Rocks
		Texture is the size, shape, and arrangement of grains, and it provides a clue to the history of the sediment and its lithification into rock.
		Clastic textures are referred to as well sorted or even, if grains are the same size; it is poorly sorted or uneven, if a there is a mix of sizes.
		Crystalline texture terms are used for sedimentary rock in chemical and biogenic groups.
	www.emporia.edu /earthsci/amber/go240/sediment.htm (1449 words)

	WP7: Modelling and verification
		Researchers have created some sophisticated methodologies to overcome the problem but these are time consuming because they require a first determination of the texture, a subsequent elastic tensor homogenisation and lastly a modified measurement and approach for stress determination.
		Some testing has been done to integrate in pair some of the methodologies (texture and stress, microstructure and crystal structure, texture and crystal structure/microstructure) at a laboratory level and the feasibility and benefits of the procedure have been demonstrated.
		Structural phases, thickness, texture and stress-strain will be determined on aluminium and copper films obtained at regular intervals from production or pilot line in order to monitor film quality and performance over the time.
	sdpd.univ-lemans.fr /succes-echecs/succes7.html (4294 words)

	Soil and Bedrock Classification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Granite has a crystalline texture and is usually even-grained (grains equal in size).
		It is dark-colored (green, gray, or fl) with a glossy texture.
		Chert is a fine-grained crystalline silicate that varies in color and is hard.
	www.dot.state.tx.us /services/bridge/geo_soil_class.htm (1407 words)

	NSCC Geology 101 Telecourse - Lab #2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The texture and the mineralogic composition of a rock frequently reflect its geologic history and help us determine whether it has an igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic origin.
		Texture refers to the size, shape and relationship of minerals within a rock.
		In general, igneous rocks have a crystalline texture, in which different mineral crystals have grown together and are interlocking.
	home.myuw.net /gwyneth/NSCC2lab2.html (1056 words)

	chapter 2
		Classification of sedimentary rocks is made on the basis of their composition and texture.
		clastic rocks have clastic texture; they are distinguished on the basis of grain size and composition.
		non clastic rocks have a crystalline texture; they are distinguished on the basis of their composition
	www.gpc.edu /~cgelbaum/chapter2.htm (827 words)

	GLY 160 Notes
		Texture: mostly crystalline, interlocking crystals of individual minerals that have grown
		Texture: usually layered, formed in "beds" as the sediments accumulate.
		Texture: mostly crystalline, due to chemical changes, but typically with a "foliation" or preferred orientation or segregation of minerals
	www.uky.edu /AS/Geology/howell/160/unit1.html (713 words)

	[No title]
		] The theory which assumes that the ligands of a coordination compound are the sources of negative charge which perturb the energy levels of the central metal ion and thus subject the metal ion to an electric field analogous to that within an ionic crystalline lattice.
		] A primary texture of an igneous rock due to crystallization from a fluid medium.
		] A texture of replacement or exsolution mineral deposits, with the distribution and form of the inclusions controlled by the host-mineral crystallography.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/C/C60/DictC60.html (1526 words)

	NRCS National Water and Climate Center - Publications - Snow Surveys and Water Supply Forecasting (Agriculture ...
		Compression affects the crystalline structure of the snowpack.
		Air temperature and availability of atmospheric moisture determine how wet or dry the snow is. Typically, the west slope of the Cascade Range, in response to the Pacific Ocean's strong influence, receives heavy, wet snow.
		Drifts differ from the surrounding snowpack in texture and density because of the weight of additional snow.
	www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov /factpub/sect_2.html (487 words)

	Crystal Sizes and Pegmatite Dikes
		Dalrymple was comparing the igneous texture of solidifying basaltic lava and extrapolating to how a granite, which also has a crystalline texture, solidifies at depth.
		It is suspected that development of the texture of the glassy rock Gentry mentions, the obsidian, was dominated by lack of water, not cooling rate, during its formation (Eichelberger.
		The water content of the rhyolite is higher, and it is suspected that, at considerable depth, the texture is coarser due to an even higher water content (Kasameyer and others, 1985, p 385).
	www.csun.edu /~vcgeo005/gentry/crystal.htm (1285 words)

	Ceramics Division Film Characterization and Properties
		A theta-two theta scan of a Bragg peak from the textured planes is collected and also a omega scan, or rocking curve, using the same Bragg peak.
		The large footprint leads to considerable tilt-induced defocussing during the theta scan Ð the scattering angle varies along the iradiated length of the specimen as it is tilted out of the symmetric position.
		To obtain an accurate texture profile from the theta scan, corrections for defocussing and absorption must be applied, and the theta-two theta scan of the Bragg peak, which gives the variation of scattered intensity with angle, is used for the defocussing correction.
	www.ceramics.nist.gov /programs/thinfilms/abstractICOTOM.html (242 words)

	Laboratory Four: Rock-Forming Processes and the Rock Cycle
		Sed: silty, sandy or coarse grained detrital (clastic), layered crystalline
		Consider how these rock types are formed, and the kind of textures you could expect for each of them.
		These may have various textures; crystalline, glassy, fine-grained and vesicular.
	www.wsu.edu /~geology101/lab/documents/4d.htm (409 words)

	When and Where to Use Six Types of Salt \| Meals : RealSimple.com
		Specialty salts come in a variety of textures and tastes, and from a number of sources.
		Conditions have to be just right (lots of sun and wind) for it to "bloom" like a flower on the surface of the water.
		Texture: Crystalline, which means that fleur de sel melts slowly in the mouth.
	www.realsimple.com /realsimple/content/0,21770,675816,00.html (847 words)

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