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Topic: Thalassemia

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	Northern California's Comprehensive Thalassemia Center at at Children's Hospital Oakland
		The purpose of this website is to provide information which will result in improved quality of life and survival to thalassemia patients and their families.
		Thalassemia is the most common, inherited single gene disorder in the world.
		Many ethnic groups are unaware of their genetic risk of thalassemia and do not receive genetic counseling or pre-natal diagnosis.
	www.thalassemia.com (322 words)

	About Thalassemia
		Since thalassemia is not a single disorder but a group of related disorders that affect the human body in similar ways, it is important to understand the differences between the various types of thalassemia.
		When combined with beta thalassemia, hemoglobin E produces E beta thalassemia, a moderately severe anemia which is similar in symptoms to beta thalassemia intermedia.
		While thalassemia patients were given infrequent transfusions in the past, clinical research led to a more frequent program of regular blood cell transfusions that has greatly improved the patients' quality of life.
	www.cooleysanemia.org /sections.php?sec=1 (1438 words)

	thalassemia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Thalassemia genes are remarkably widespread in the peoples native to the areas bordering the Mediterranean Sea, much of Africa, the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia - wherever malaria is prevalent.
		The carrier state of thalassemia genes confers resistance to lethal malarial infections in much the same way as the carrier state for sickle cell anemia, and this fact accounts for the prevalence of the genes.
		Carriers of thalassemia genes usually are identified by a mild anemia masquerading initially as iron deficiency.
	www.drhull.com /EncyMaster/T/thalassemia.html (322 words)

	Thalassemia, Hereditary Blood Disorders, DD, NCBDDD, CDC
		Thalassemia is a group of genetic blood disorders that affect approximately 1,000 individuals in the United States.
		People with thalassemia have a genetic defect of their red blood cells that affects the cells' ability to produce normal hemoglobin.
		As a result of the defect, most forms of thalassemia produce a chronic, lifelong anemia that begins in early childhood and often must be treated with frequent transfusions.
	www.cdc.gov /ncbddd/hbd/thalassemia.htm (252 words)

	Thalassemias
		Thalassemias is the name for the group of genetic blood diseases which vary widely in severity.
		Thalassemia is always inherited, passed on from parents to children through their genes.
		Frequently, thalassemia is not diagnosed in a family until a baby is born with the disease.
	kidshealth.org /parent/medical/heart/thalassemias.html (1695 words)

	What Is Thalassemia?
		Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia (uh-NEE-me-uh).
		Severe forms of thalassemia are usually diagnosed in early childhood and are lifelong conditions.
		Beta thalassemia occurs when one or both of the two genes needed for making the beta globin chain of hemoglobin are variant.
	www.nhlbi.nih.gov /health/dci/Diseases/Thalassemia/Thalassemia_WhatIs.html (266 words)

	Thalassemia
		Thalassemia describes a group of inherited disorders characterized by reduced or absent amounts of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein inside the red blood cells.
		Thalassemias are classified according to the globin that is affected, hence the names alpha and beta thalassemia.
		Prevalence of alpha thalassemia disease is significantly lower in the United States owing primarily to immigration patterns; although at least one state, California, has observed growing hemoglobin H disease incidence rates that are high enough to justify universal newborn screening for the condition.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/thalassemia.jsp (5204 words)

	Thalassemia overview
		Thalassemia is a difficult subject to explain, since the condition is not a single disorder, but a group of defects with similar clinical effects.
		With alpha thalassemia, the "failed" genes are almost invariably lost from the cell due to a genetic accident.
		The patient has thalassemia that is more severe than thalassemia trait, but not so severe as to require chronic transfusion as do the patients with thalassemia major.
	sickle.bwh.harvard.edu /thalover.html (1772 words)

	Beta thalassemia - Genetics Home Reference
		Symptoms of beta thalassemia occur when not enough oxygen gets to various parts of the body due to low levels of hemoglobin and a shortage of red blood cells (anemia).
		Mutations in the HBB gene cause beta thalassemia.
		Thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia are inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means two copies of the gene in each cell are altered.
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /condition=betathalassemia (798 words)

	Medical References: Thalassemia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Thalassemia major, the most severe form, is also called Cooley's anemia, named after the doctor who first described it in 1925.
		Children with thalassemia intermedia may develop some of the same complications, although in most cases, the course of the disease is mild for the first two decades of life.
		When children with thalassemia major are treated with frequent transfusions (generally every 3 to 4 weeks) aimed at keeping their hemoglobin level near normal, many of the complications of thalassemia can be prevented.
	www.marchofdimes.com /professionals/681_1229.asp (1157 words)

	Thalassemia
		Thalassemia is a genetically determined defect in hemoglobin synthesis.
		The importance of identifying heterzygous beta thalassemia is to prevent the investigation and expense caused by confusion with iron deficiency.
		Thalassemia is characterized by the inability to produce sufficient numbers of globin chains.
	www.cariboo.bc.ca /schs/medtech/rice/thalassemia.html (1994 words)

	Alpha Thalassemia - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital
		Thalassemia is an inherited disorder that affects the production of normal hemoglobin (a type of protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the tissues of the body).
		Alpha thalassemia is caused by mutations in the alpha chain of the hemoglobin molecule.
		Persons with hemoglobin H disease are at increased risk to have a child with alpha thal major, since they carry one #16 chromosome with an alpha chain two gene deletion (cis deletion).
	www.lpch.org /DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/hematology/thalapth.html (513 words)

	Beta Thalassemia - Health and Medical Information produced by doctors - MedicineNet.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The thalassemias are a group of genetic (inherited) blood disorders that share in common one feature, the defective production of hemoglobin, the protein that enables red blood cells to carry oxygen (and carbon dioxide).
		Thalassemia minor: The individual with thalassemia minor has only one copy of the beta thalassemia gene (together with one perfectly normal beta-chain gene).
		Thalassemia major (Cooley's anemia): The child born with thalassemia major has two genes for beta thalassemia and no normal beta-chain gene.
	www.medicinenet.com /beta_thalassemia/article.htm (551 words)

	Berloni Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Thalassemia is a disease which was originally widespreaded in the Mediterranean Basin, South-East Asia and various countries in equatorial Africa.
		The term "Thalassemia" implies a genetic disorder of an extremely heterogenous group which is characterised by a reduced or erroneous production of haemoglobin, the respiratory pigment contained in the red cells.
		The genetic defect which characterises Thalassemia Major is intrinsic to the haemopoietics cells, the progenitor cells of the elements which appear in the blood (red and white cells, blood plates) which are present in bone marrow.
	www.abanet.it /fondazioneberloni/ing/talassem.htm (190 words)

	eMedicine - Thalassemia, Beta : Article by Kenichi Takeshita, MD
		In beta thalassemia minor (ie, beta thalassemia trait or heterozygous carrier-type), one of the beta-globin genes is defective.
		Thalassemia minor (beta thalassemia trait) usually is asymptomatic, and it typically is identified during routine blood count evaluation.
		The diagnosis of beta thalassemia minor usually is suggested by the presence of an isolated, mild microcytic anemia, target cells on the peripheral blood smear, and a normal red blood cell count.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic2260.htm (3252 words)

	Thalassemia - Home Page
		Thalassemia patients are now struggling with secondary conditions such as heart disease, hepatitis, liver cancer, osteoporosis, and fertility problems.
		Most of us only have to look as far as our circle of friends and neighbors to find someone whose life was touched by the generous gift of a volunteer blood donor.
		Thalassemia is an inherited characteristic of the blood.
	www.thalassemia.com.pk (174 words)

	genome.gov \| Learning About Thalassemia
		Thalassemia is actually a group of inherited diseases of the blood that affect a person's ability to produce hemoglobin, resulting in anemia.
		The two main types of thalassemia are called "alpha" and "beta," depending on which part of an oxygen-carrying protein in the red blood cells is lacking.
		Embryos created in-vitro are tested for the thalassemia gene before being implanted into the mother, allowing only healthy embryos to be selected.
	www.genome.gov /10001221 (843 words)

	Iron Disorders Institute - Thalassemia
		E Thalassemia-is not truly thalassemia; it is considered a hemoglobinopathy (disorders characterized by structural alteration of globin chains) and otherwise known as Hemoglobin E which is a mild form of hemolytic anemia.
		Thalassemia on the other hand, is characterized by the inability to produce sufficient number of globin chains.
		Diagnosis of thalassemia intermedia is usually made after a period of observation; the decision to transfuse is often a complex one.
	www.irondisorders.org /Disorders/Thalassemia.asp (651 words)

	Thalassemia - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Thalassemia is an inherited disease of faulty synthesis of hemoglobin.
		Thalassemia is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
		The prognosis of Thalassemia may include the duration of Thalassemia, chances of complications of Thalassemia, probable outcomes, prospects for recovery, recovery period for Thalassemia, survival rates, death rates, and other outcome possibilities in the overall prognosis of Thalassemia.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /t/thalassemia/intro.htm (775 words)

	How Is Thalassemia Treated?
		Those with moderate forms of thalassemia (for example, thalassemia intermedia) may need blood transfusions occasionally, such as when they are experiencing stress due to an infection.
		People with severe thalassemia who are able to continue therapy successfully may live into their thirties, forties, and beyond.
		In thalassemia treatment, blood transfusions are done on a schedule (often every 2–4 weeks) to keep hemoglobin levels and red blood cell numbers at normal levels.
	www.nhlbi.nih.gov /health/dci/Diseases/Thalassemia/Thalassemia_Treatments.html (624 words)

	MedlinePlus: Thalassemia
		If you have thalassemia, your body has problems making hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen through your body.
		Thalassemia, a genetic disease, can be mild or severe.
		Severe thalassemia is treated with blood transfusions and treatment to remove excess iron in the blood.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/thalassemia.html (281 words)

	Thalassemia definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Thalassemia: Not just one disease but rather a complex series of genetic (inherited) disorders all of which involve underproduction of hemoglobin, the indispensable molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
		In thalassemia, there is a mutation (change) in one of the types of globin chains.
		Depending upon which globin chain is affected, the mutation typically leads to underproduction (or absence) of that globin chain, a deficiency of hemoglobin, and anemia.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5750 (153 words)

	eMedicine - Thalassemia : Article by Hassan M Yaish, MD (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Thalassemia intermedia: This condition is usually due to a compound heterozygous state, resulting in anemia of intermediate severity, which typically does not require regular blood transfusions.
		Thalassemia major (Cooley anemia): This condition is characterized by transfusion-dependent anemia, massive splenomegaly, bone deformities, growth retardation, and peculiar facies in untreated individuals, 80% of whom die within the first 5 years of life from complications of anemia.
		thalassemia major is a mortal disease, and virtually all affected fetuses are born with hydrops fetalis as a result of severe anemia.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2229.htm (12349 words)

	Birth Defects & Genetics: Thalassemia
		Individuals with E-beta thalassemia produce a variant form of hemoglobin called hemoglobin E. Individuals who produce hemoglobin E generally are healthy or have only a mild anemia, unless they also have a form of beta thalassemia.
		Thalassemia is passed on through parents who carry the thalassemia genes in their cells.
		When two individuals with beta thalassemia trait have children together, there is a 25 percent chance (1 in 4) that any child they have will inherit a thalassemia gene from each parent and have a severe form of the disease.
	www.marchofdimes.com /pnhec/4439_1229.asp (2198 words)

	Anemia
		Thalassemia, which usually affects people of Mediterranean, African, and Southeast Asian descent, is marked by abnormal and short-lived RBCs.
		Thalassemia major, also called Cooley's anemia, is a severe form of anemia in which RBCs are rapidly destroyed and iron is deposited in the skin and vital organs.
		Bone marrow transplantation may be considered in some cases of sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and aplastic anemia.
	www.kidshealth.org /parent/medical/heart/anemia.html (1980 words)

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