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Topic: The Complaint of the Poor Commons of Kent

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Kent

Popular revolt in late medieval Europe

Blackheath, London

Wars of the Roses

1450

	English Farming: Chapter XV
		In the first rush of complaint, some allowance must be made for disappointment at the immediate results of the end of the war.
		The new Poor Law of 1834 reduced the burden of the rates, and began to re-establish the self-respect of the labourer.
		In Kent and Somersetshire it is stated that, though many freeholders retained their land, it was only by the practice of the most rigorous self-denial and by entirely ceasing to employ labour.
	www.soilandhealth.org /01aglibrary/010136ernle/010136ch15.htm (4868 words)

	Delaware County, Ohio History - 1880
		Kent's intention was to build a hotel near where Merrick Hall now stands, being the most desirable location for that purpose in the leased property.
		Kent, whose residence was then in Columbus, went to New York, and, by representing himself as the owner of the spring and hotel, succeeded in getting $10,000 worth of goods on credit, intending to furnish the hotel therewith.
		Kent's connection with the project, and, Judge Powell desiring to attend exclusively to his professional business, the building was left vacant until 1836, when it was leased to a Mr.
	www.heritagepursuit.com /Delaware/delchapXI.htm (18419 words)

	Poor Law Commissioners Report of 1834, Part II, Section 4: Library of Economics and Liberty
		It is a matter of complaint by the farmers, that emigration only carries off the industrious and well-behaved, and leaves them encumbered with the idle and profligate; and it cannot be otherwise while everyone is sure of a liberal maintenance whether they are idle or industrious.
		The abolition of partial relief will remove the main discouragement to emigration, while it will ascertain the extent to which emigration may be useful; it will increase the disposition to emigrate on the part of those whose emigration is to be desired.
		The places intended to be favoured by large charities attract, therefore, an undue proportion of the poorer classes, who, in the hope of trifling benefits to be obtained without labour, often linger on in spots most unfavourable to the exercise of their industry.
	www.econlib.org /library/YPDBooks/Reports/rptPLC14.html (6230 words)

	[No title]
		The claimant was very poor, and stood in need of money to prosecute his claim, and he made no secret of his poverty or his necessities, and promised large returns to those who would help him in his time of need.
		Therefore, each hopeful believer exerted himself to the utmost, and "poor peasants and farmers, cottagers and their masters, threw their stakes into the claimant's lucky-bag, from which they were afterwards to draw 'all prizes and no blanks.'" Men of loftier position, also, were not averse to speculate upon the chances of this newly-discovered heir.
		Poor John Montgomerie gave him every penny he had saved, and every penny he could borrow, and after mortgaging his little property, was obliged to flee to America from his duns, where, it is said, he died.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/1/6/4/8/16486/16486.txt (20265 words)

	Poor Law Infirmaries
		The poor but destitute had a second and traditional claim to relief under the poor law, dating back to the 43rd Act of the reign of Elizabeth.
		His relocation was costly and the Poor Law Board had to seek special Treasury sanction for the reimbursement of the cost of moving him, his family, his furniture and his five servants to his new house in Onslow Square.35 Markham had been the editor of the British Medical Journal.
		The Poor Law Board’s circular Points to be attended to in the construction of workhouses was modified by the architects to the Local Government Board over the next 30 years and determined the form and content of infirmaries in one of the most active periods of hospital building London has seen.
	www.nhshistory.net /poor_law_infirmaries.htm (8156 words)

	Village
		A common rule in one part of the country was that the right was established if the settler could build his cottage in the night and send out smoke from his chimney in the morning.(9*) The squatters also often went out as day labourers.
		All the recognition that was given to the difficulties and the claims of the poor was comprised in sections 12 and 13, which allow small allotments to be laid together and depastured in common, and instruct the commissioners to have particular regard to the convenience of the owners or proprietors of the smallest estates.
		The general hatred of the poor for enclosures is evident from the language of Eden, and from statements of contributors to the Annals of Agriculture.
	socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca /~econ/ugcm/3ll3/hammond/village.html (15631 words)

	The Life of Geoffrey Chaucer
		In the autumn of 1385, Chaucer was appointed JP in Kent.
		Chaucer was a member of the Commons, which had existed separately from the Lords for sobrief a time that they did not even have their own chamber in Parliament.
		Obviously, Kent and other southern counties were in favour of war taxation, whereas further north they were less inclined towards it; but everyone agreed that they were overtaxed and mismanaged.
	www.moval.edu /faculty/adderleym/Englit/chaucer-biography.htm (4156 words)

	Economic Manuscripts: Capital Vol. I - Chapter Twenty-Seven (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		As late as the first half of the 18th century complaint is made if the cottage of the agricultural labourer has not an adjunct of one or two acres of laud.
		The spoliation of the church’s property, the fraudulent alienation of the State domains, the robbery of the common lands, the usurpation of feudal and clan property, and its transformation into modern private property under circumstances of reckless terrorism, were just so many idyllic methods of primitive accumulation.
		In many of these woods the fox, the wild cat, the marten, the polecat, the weasel and the Alpine hare are common; whilst the rabbit, the squirrel and the rat have lately made their way into the country.
	www.marxists.org /archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch27.htm (6461 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Conducting research in individual patients: lessons learnt from two series of N-of-1 trials
		Secondly, the disease or complaint has to be chronic or recurrent, or drugs need to be prescribed for a long period of time or for frequently repeated periods of time.
		Identification of the main complaint in each patient, yet using the same scale to assess the outcomes for all patients in a series, enables the investigator to present each patient with individualised results and treatment recommendations and, simultaneously, to make comparisons of the results across patients.
		The reports of nausea and abdominal complaints may also have been the result of pure coincidence, or perhaps, be related to concerns regarding the effects of taking medication in another form.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2296/7/54 (5208 words)

	Patient Protect
		Complaints by the family that both doctors should be accused of attempted murder were investigated by Hampshire police but the Crown Prosecution Service decided there was insufficient evidence to charge them.
		Patients usually complained about standards of care, rudeness and poor attitude among doctors, and found it unfair that they were not allowed to see the doctor's response to their complaint.
		Complaints to the GMC have trebled since 1993 to 3,000 a year, but the GMC rejected 88 per cent of all cases.
	www.patientprotect.org (15113 words)

	The Edge of England's Sword
		Common foreign security and defense policies are given as a competence to the Union.
		And in the House of Commons, plans for reform of the House of Lords lie in tatters, because the Commons rejected every plan put to it.
		Yes, it will become a rival to the power of the Commons, but that House's supremacy was based on the idea that it alone in the British mixed polity had democratic legitimacy.
	englandssword.blogspot.com /2003_02_02_englandssword_archive.html (5456 words)

	[No title]
		If, therefore, any society shall deem the common good and interests of the whole society best promoted under the particular circumstances, in which it is placed, by a restriction of the right of suffrage, it is not easy to state any solid ground of objection to its exercise of such an authority.
		But such instances are rare, they are to be looked at as prodigies, rather than as examples; as the extraordinary growth of a peculiar education and character, and a hot-bed precocity in a monarchy, rather than as the sound and thrifty growth of the open air, and the bracing hardihood of a republic.
		Under the confederation, all the common expenses were required to be borne by the states in proportion to the value of the land within each state.5 But it has been already seen, that this mode of contribution was extremely difficult and embarrassing, and unsatisfactory in practice, under the confederation.6 There do not, indeed,
	www.constitution.org /js/js_309.htm (14033 words)

	Jane Austen Law
		The allowance to debtors is ten ounces of bread and one pound and a half of potatoes per day: the debtors in the poor and women’s sides have an allowance of eight stone of beef weekly sent them by the sheriffs.
		As it is not the object of this work at all to enter into political disputes, we shall confine ourselves to a short statement of the nature of the establishment; merely observing, in the year 1800, Sir Francis Burdett moved into Parliament, that the management and conduct of this prison be enquired into.
		Those monsters were tried for the murder of five unhappy men, who died under the most horrid treatment from then: yet, notwithstanding the prosecution was recommended from the throne, and conducted by the ablest lawyers, to the concern of all good men, these wretches escaped their merited punishment.
	www.printsgeorge.com /Jane_Austen-law.htm (5484 words)

	The Complaint of the Poor Commons of Kent - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Complaint of the Poor Commons of Kent
		The Complaint of the Poor Commons of Kent was a manifesto issued by Jack Cade, a Kentish rebel in 1450, before his march on London.
		The 'popular grievances' from this manifesto were frequently quoted by the Yorkists during The Wars of the Roses, for propaganda purposes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_Complaint_of_the_Poor_Commons_of_Kent (136 words)

	Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership
		Sermon preached before the House of Commons, on the 31st of January, 1688 being the thanksgiving-day for the deliverance of this kingdom from popery and arbitrary power, by His Highness the Prince of Orange's means / by Gilbert Burnet...
		Together vvith the complaint of the sorrowfull shepheardesse; fayre (but vnfortunate) Candida, deploring the death of her deare-lou'd Corauin, a late liuing (and an euer to be lamented) shepheard.
		Most worthy speech of the truly honourable and worthy member of the House of Commons Sir Edward Deering knight and baronet spoken in Parliament concerning the lyturgy of the Church of England and for a nationall synod.
	www.lib.umich.edu /tcp/eebo/New_Text/New_Texts_March2004_full.html (15180 words)

	Chiropractic & Osteopathy \| Full text \| Are chronic low back pain outcomes improved with co-management of concurrent ...
		Low back pain is common in western cultures with a lifetime adult population prevalence of about 70% [6], and a one-year prevalence of between 15–45%.
		It is stated that somatisation is one of the most common of the psychiatric phenomena seen in general medical practice [37] and as such, is a presentation that chiropractors should be aware of.
		Their findings suggest that the strength of the relationship between chronic pain perception and distress is related to both aspects of the patient's personality and characteristics of their illness and interestingly not to the duration of their complaint [40].
	www.chiroandosteo.com /content/13/1/8 (4717 words)

	DEFINITION OF TERMS
		A. All complaints of discrimination or harassment prohibited by this policy shall be investigated by management as soon as possible after the conduct is reported or suspected.
		A complaint should be filed in writing or verbally, contain the name and address of the person filing it, and briefly describe the alleged violation of the regulations.
		A written determination as to the validity of the complaint and a description of the resolution will be issued by a person duly appointed and authorized to do so by the Director of the Department of Family Services and a copy forwarded to the complainant no later than ten (10) calendar days after its filing.
	dfsweb.state.wy.us /personne/adminmanual.html (16703 words)

	James Boyle, The Second Enclosure Movement and the Construction of the Public Domain, 66 Law & Contemp. Probs. 33 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		They were literally robbing the poor of their share in the common, tearing down the houses which, by the hitherto unbreakable force of custom, the poor had long regarded as theirs and their heirs'.
		By transferring inefficiently managed common land into the hands of a single owner, enclosure escaped the aptly named "tragedy of the commons." It gave incentives for large-scale investment, allowed control over exploitation, and, in general, ensured that resources could be put to their most efficient use.
		The "commons" is a term that has come to be used increasingly often over the last five years to refer to wellsprings of creation that are outside of, or different from, the world of intellectual property.
	www.law.duke.edu /journals/lcp/articles/lcp66dWinterSpring2003p33.htm (17836 words)

	The Right to Keep and Bear Arms
		Journal of the House of Commons from December 26, 1688 to October 26, 1693, at 29.
		Complaint regarding the techniques used by the Bureau in an effort to generate firearms cases led to hearings before the Subcommittee on Treasury, Post Office, and General Appropriations of the Senate Appropriations Committee in July 1979 and April 1980, and before the Subcommittee on the Constitution of the Senate Judiciary Committee in October 1980.
		At one point, even as it was prosecuting a dealer on the charge (admitting that he had no criminal intent), the Director of the Bureau wrote Senator S. Hayakawa to indicate that there was no such legal requirement and it was completely lawful for a dealer to sell from his collection without recording it.
	www.constitution.org /mil/rkba1982.htm (11289 words)

	Hume, The History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution in 1688, vol. 3 (1778): The Online ...
		He summoned a parliament, to whom he made bitter complaints against the irruption of the Scots, the absurd imposture countenanced by that nation, the cruel devastations committed in the northern counties, and the multiplied insults thus offered both to the king and kingdom of England.
		When the subsidy began to be levied in Cornwal, the inhabitants, numerous and poor, robust and courageous, murmured against a tax, occasioned by a sudden inroad of the Scots, from which they esteemed themselves entirely secure, and which had usually been repelled by the force of the northern counties.
		The rebels had been told by Flammoc, that the inhabitants of Kent, as they had ever, during all ages, remained unsubdued, and had even maintained their independence during the Norman conquest, would surely embrace their party, and declare themselves for a cause, which was no other than that of public good and general liberty.
	oll.libertyfund.org /Texts/Hume0129/History/0011-3_Bk.html (15562 words)

	Charlotte Despard
		Charlotte Despard, the daughter of William French, a naval commander from Ireland, was born in Ripple, Kent, in 1844.
		By the age of ten her father had died and her mother was committed to an insane asylum and she was sent to London to live with relatives.
		(1) Charlotte Despard was born in Ripple in Kent in 1836.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /Wdespard.htm (1948 words)

	The Democratic Party (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Poor road conditions cost motorists $54 billion a year in repairs and operating costs, and the 3.5 billion hours per year Americans spend stuck in traffic, costs the economy more than $67 billion annually in lost productivity and wasted fuel.
		Poor kids are dropping out of high school and college at alarming rates, the middle class and working poor have been hit hard by a housing squeeze, 45 million or more Americans – eight out of ten of them in working families – are without health insurance.
		The simple proposition of the common good that might balance the influence of organized wealth with the interests of ordinary people – the most basic assumption of all political teaching since ancient Greece – is written out of Washington life.
	www.saveoursecurity.org /a/2006/10/50-state_strate_28.php (9021 words)

	Capital Vol. I — Chapter Twenty-Seven
		It is acknowledged by even the writers in defence of enclosures that these diminished villages increase the monopolies of farms, raise the prices of provisions, and produce depopulation...
		We are, however, apprehensive that the present Act (43 rd of Elizabeth) will not warrant a prudential measure of this kind; but you are to learn that the rest of the freeholders.
		In many of these woods the fox, the wild cat, the marten, the polecat, the weasel and the Apline hare are common; whilst the rabbit, the squirrel and the rat have lately made their way into the country.
	www.chss.montclair.edu /english/furr/gbi/capital/marxi27.html (6494 words)

	The Local Area Watch: June 2005
		Without regard to his record in public office, Morren is a contemptible man. He once testified under oath that my mother, whose kind-heartedness hasn't rub off on her son like it should have, was a "liar".
		According to the TRIP report, nearly one-third of Grand Rapids streets are in poor condition and another quarter in mediocre condition.
		In March we learned, and reported to you, that Assistant City Attorney Daniel Ophoff was acting as the spokesman for the defendants in the Hazardous Waste Management Act complaint currently pending against the Boardwalk developers and the City of Grand Rapids.
	www.localareawatch.org /2005/06 (13043 words)

	The Panda's Thumb
		It comes as no surprise that the media complaints division is on the story.
		Apparently we’re “in a tizzy” over the DI’s complaint that Judge Jones followed the standard procedure of adopting in large part the proposed findings of fact prepared by the side that wins the case.
		The infections were caused by poor hygiene practices, like reusing needles, that existed at the hospital long before these nurses arrived in 1998.
	www.pandasthumb.org (3283 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: William Harrison (1534-1593): Description Of Elizabethan England, 1577
		If her first husband also be of better birth than her second, though this latter likewise be a knight, yet in that she pretendeth a privilege to lose no honour through courtesy yielded to her sex, she will be named after the most honourable or worshipful of both, which is not seen elsewhere.
		A common plague and enormity, both in the heart of the land and likewise upon the coasts.
		Of the complaint of such poor tenants as pay rent corn unto their landlords, I speak not, who are often dealt withal very hardly.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/1577harrison-england.html (8891 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine \| Book of Days \| July 11 \| World Population Day Srebrenica genocide ...
		Poor countries (let’s not euphemise poverty) account for more than 95 per cent of today’s population growth.
		They were allowed no animal food and had their possessions in common.
		Cade and his 20,000 comrades had issued The Complaint of the Poor Commons of Kent, a manifesto listing grievances against the government.
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/jul11.html (3049 words)

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