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	Emergence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Emergence is the process of complex pattern formation from more basic constituent parts or behaviors.
		It may, however, be profitable to consider the "emergence" of the texture of the cake as a relatively complex result of the baking process and the mixture of ingredients.
		In physics, emergence is used to describe a property, law, or phenomenon which occurs at macroscopic scales (in space or time) but not at microscopic scales, despite the fact that a macroscopic system can be viewed as a very large ensemble of microscopic systems.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Emergence (3102 words)

	EXPLAINING EMERGENCE:- towards an ontology of levels
		The recent approaches to emergence and their implications for the ontology and epistemology of the concept of emergence will be considered in detail in a separate paper, but the general implications for explaining emergent phenomena seems to be clear and shall be considered briefly.
		Thus 'emergence' is a genuine phenomenon, but we can conceive of an explanation in the form of a scenario or a sequence of plausible events, each contributing to increase the complexity of the constituent sub-systems (macromolecules and their chemical reactions) and ending up with full-fledged cells.
		Emergence as a single process does not constitute levels but only entities; the emergence of primary levels are a combination of entity constitution and subsequent level constitution, by generation of relations between the entities.
	www.nbi.dk /~emmeche/coPubl/97e.EKS/emerg.html (13523 words)

	Emergence
		I argue that this difficulty is primarily due to an assumption of a false and inappropriate metaphysics in analyses of emergence.
		Emergence in ontology is the stronger concept, and refers to something new coming into being with each instance of some level or pattern of lower level constituents.
		Emergence that is non-trivial is emergent causality -- the emergence of novel causal properties.
	www.lehigh.edu /~mhb0/emergence.html (9213 words)

	Emergence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Emergence became thought of as one of the defining properties of complex systems and over the last twenty years there has been a wide-ranging debate about its nature and causes.
		Emergence is the production of global patterns of behaviour by agents in a complex system interacting according to their own local rules of behaviour, without intending the global patterns of behaviour that come about.
		Emergence can be suppressed by those who have power and who feel threatened (possibly accurately) by the possibilities implicit in new forms of organisation.
	www.new-paradigm.co.uk /emergence-human.htm (3121 words)

	Varieties of Emergence
		The term "emergence" has the potential to cause no end of confusion in science and philosophy, as it is used to express two quite different concepts.
		Strong emergence is the notion of emergence that is most common in philosophical discussion of emergence, and is the notion invoked by the "British emergentists" of the 1920s.
		Weak emergence is the notion of emergence that is most common in recent scientific discussion of emergence, and is the notion that is typically invoked by proponents of emergence in complex systems theory.
	consc.net /papers/granada.html (4219 words)

	Emergence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A central concept in the sciences of complexity is emergence.
		Emergence harkens back to the old adage that a whole is more than the sum of its parts.
		The causal concepts of emergence and of attractors are necessary to complement reduction in a scientific account of our world.
	www.prototista.org /E-Zine/Emergence.htm (1410 words)

	Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind - emergence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Emergence is a notion cherished by those philosophers of mind who are mental realists, and physicalists who nonetheless reject the reducibility of the mental to the physical.
		This contrasts sharply against the case of a north-westerly moving object being propelled by two forces--one towards the north, the other towards the west--insofar as the subsequent motion is so obviously decomposable into the effects of the conjoint causes.
		Thus, Broad's definition of "emergence" is inconsistent with many formulations of psychophysical supervenience, which, I think, would strike many contemporary emergentists as an unhappy result.
	www.artsci.wustl.edu /~philos/MindDict/emergence.html (800 words)

	On Emergence and Explanation
		Emergence is a universal phenomenon that can be defined mathematically in a very general way.
		In spite of the existence in mathematics of a large set of yet undecided statements or conjectures about mathematical properties that may exemplify either deductible or observational emergence, it is a general observation that the most transparent and clear-cut cases of the two kinds of emergence are found within the logical and mathematical domain.
		This property can, we suggest, be understood as the observational emergence in the physical space of systems that realize their own self-production, boundary and self-observation (through the boundary's distinctive or selective property, which is based on molecular recognition reactions by the membrane-bound proteins), and thus being `cognitive' in this primitive sense.
	www.nbi.dk /~emmeche/coPubl/97d.NABCE/ExplEmer.html (4249 words)

	EMERGENCE
		Thirdly, there is emergence, which is a cumulative change, a change in which certain characteristics supervene upon other characteristics, these characteristics being adequate to explain the occurrence on their level.
		Emergence is supposed to be a cosmic affair and laws are descriptions.
		The assumption in theories of emergence is that mechanical changes, single level changes (call them shifts) are predictable, but that emergent changes are not.
	www.ditext.com /pepper/emerge.html (1873 words)

	Science & Theology News - Emergence theorists expand our view of origins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Those thinking about emergence are, to varying degrees, hopeful that a better understanding of emergence will lead to a richer understanding of cosmic and biological evolution — or, more to the point, a better understanding of who we are as human beings.
		Scientists and philosophers engaged in emergence research remain committed to the long-standing emergentist view that reductionism and vitalism — defined as life and mind entities or forces — are both inadequate approaches for explaining past, present and future evolution.
		One of the corollaries of strong emergence is top-down causation — the belief that the wholes are not only more than the sum of the parts but also that the irreducible properties of wholes affect the parts in very real ways.
	stnews.org /News-2766.htm (1983 words)

	Emergence Dance Theatre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Emergence Dance Theatre coordinates the artistic and fund raising activites of Dance Chicago.
		Emergence is a Chicago multi-disciplinary performing arts organization founded in 1984 by choreographer Sandra Schramel and John Leonard Schmitz (Co-Founder of Dance Chicago).
		She is the Director/Founder of the Emergence School of Dance and a teacher of Arve technique at Chicago's Joel Hall Dance Center.
	www.dancechicago.com /htmls/emergence.asp (618 words)

	Concepts: Emergence
		Acording to (2) emergence refers to all the properties that we assign to a system that are really properties of the relationship between a system and its environment.
		The second aspect of emergence (2) is related to the first aspect (1) because the system can be viewed along with parts of its environment as together forming a larger system.
		The idea of emergence is often contrasted with a reductionist perspective.
	necsi.org /guide/concepts/emergence.html (645 words)

	Emergent Properties
		This unpredictability, however, is not constitutive of emergence, but rather a consequence of the metaphysical irreducibility of the emergent properties and the trans-ordinal laws they bring in their train.
		The task of physics is to investigate the fundamental properties of elementary particles and the laws that characterize them, whilst the task of the special sciences is to elucidate the properties had by complex material substances and the laws governing their characteristic behavior and interactions.
		A general rule of thumb in perusing the diverse recent literature on emergence is that emergence encompasses whatever striking macroscopic phenomena the theorist in question is interested in.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/properties-emergent (8625 words)

	Emergence 3rd Session : Sponsors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Emergence takes an important part in helping Cinema Creation by allowing young filmwriters to shoot several scenes from their feature film project, advised by attentive senior directors and technicians.
		Emergence’s bet to gather generations, talents, and hopes together, was successfully fulfilled thanks to the union of those who make the best of French Cinema and those who aspire to join them.
		There is something really nice in the Emergence approach: it comes from those who know, who are renowned and act in the shadow offering their experience to emerging talents.
	www.emergence.tm.fr /ancien/sponsors.html (1520 words)

	Emergence
		The science of Emergence is concerned with the apparently spontaneous appearance of complex patterns in simple systems under certain conditions.
		Currently Emergence is most closely associated with chaos theory (and the related construction of fractal patterns), and in biological evolution.
		The complexity that results from Emergence cannot be explained as the sum total of the complexity of the constituent elements.
	ceh.kitoba.com /mechanism/emergence.html (1343 words)

	Emergence - Steven Johnson - Penguin UK
		Emergence is the new, bottom-up thinking that changes our view of the world.
		Emergence is something magical that happens in certain systems, systems that involve lots of relatively low-level, simple agents interacting with each other and following simple rules.
		No individual ant is sitting there assessing the entire state of the colony and making those changes, somehow all the ants, all of which have incredibly meagre intelligences, manage to collectively solve the problem of finding food or of maintaining the nest or of doing all of these other incredible things that ants do.
	www.penguin.co.uk /nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,0_9780140287752,00.html?sym=EXC (8961 words)

	EMERGENCE The Project
		The EMERGENCE project was funded by the European Commission’s IST Programme from January 2000 to the end of December 2003 to carry out innovative research on the new international division of labour in eServices.
		Between 2002 and 2004 the Asian EMERGENCE project carried out further research on the relocation of work both within Asia and to Asia from the rest of the world.
		EMERGENCE Canada is funded to continue working in North America until 2006.
	www.emergence.nu /project (296 words)

	Barnes & Noble.com - Books: Emergence, by Steven Johnson, Hardcover
		Emergence is one of those scientific concepts poised to break into public parlance like evolution or, more recently, complexity and chaos theory.
		When he discusses ant colonies it appears to mean swarm intelligence; when he discusses video games it appears to mean interactive software; at still other places it appears to mean whatever recent developments in the realm of computers or biophysics or city planning that he approves of.
		Emergence is thoughtful and lucid and charming and staggeringly smart, all of which I've come to expect from Steven Johnson.
	search.barnesandnoble.com /booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?isbn=068486875X&pwb=1 (1243 words)

	O'Reilly Network -- Steven Johnson on "Emergence"
		Emergence is what happens when the whole is smarter than the sum of its parts.
		The second stage is when it becomes a field in itself, and people understand that there is a connection between ants and cities, that you can study them both under this general interpretive rubric.
		But in Emergence, you point out the example of sidewalk interactions, which may or may not make life better for the individual, but certainly make things better for the larger system, the city.
	www.oreillynet.com /pub/a/network/2002/02/22/johnson.html (1633 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Emergence is the process of deriving some new and coherent structures, patterns and properties in a complex system.
		Emergent phenomena occur due to the pattern of interactions between the elements of a system over time.
		Emergent processes or behaviours can be seen in a lot of places, from any multicellular biological organism to traffic patterns or organizational phenomena to computer simulations.
	wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/e/em/emergence.html (312 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities and Software: Books: Steven Johnson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Whether you are new to "emergence theory" or have read about it before, there will be something here to get your brain whirring.
		In contemplating 'emergence' in organic life and in software he over-emphasises its potential to change, and underestimates the potential of infrastructures to resist this change.
		Emergence is a simple concept (order being 'created' out of apparent disorder and simple rules creating apparently amazing complexity).
	amazon.co.uk /Emergence-Connected-Brains-Cities-Software/dp/0140287752 (1989 words)

	Simon & Schuster: Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software (Trade Paperback) - Read an ...
		That question has become particularly crucial, because the history of emergence has entered a new phase in the past few years, one that should prove to be more revolutionary than the two phases before it.
		The second section is an overview of emergence as we currently understand it; each of the four chapters in the section explores one of the field's core principles: neighbor interaction, pattern recognition, feedback, and indirect control.
		The final section looks to the future of artificial emergence and speculates on what will happen when our media experiences and political movements are largely shaped by bottom-up forces, and not top-down ones.
	www.simonsays.com /excerpt.cfm?isbn=0684868768 (3595 words)

	Amazon.com: Emergence: From Chaos to Order (Helix Books): Books: John H. Holland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		"Emergence" is the notion that the whole is more than the sum of its parts.
		Emergence offers insight not just to scientific advancement, but across many areas of human endeavor--business, the arts, even the evolution of society and the generation of new ideas.
		Emergence, where simple systems generate complex ones, is a fundamental concept in many modern scientific theories.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0201149435?v=glance (2098 words)

	GDC 06: SiN Episodes: Emergence Hands-on - PC News at GameSpot
		Emergence will mark the return of all the key characters from the original game.
		You may have noticed that there are some familiar elements in the game that hearken to Half-Life 2.There's a driving sequence we saw where you ride shotgun while another character maneuvers a car through the level, and at one point you haul through a tunnel where bad guys rope down from the ceiling.
		We're told that Emergence is almost complete at this point, but Ritual still plans to put the game online sometime in May. The company is distributing it online via Steam, but it is contemplating some kind of retail package, as well, though nothing is nailed down at this point.
	www.gamespot.com /pc/action/sinepisodes1/news.html?sid=6146567 (952 words)

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