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Topic: The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection

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	Williams: Adaptation and Natural Selection
		If natural selection is shown to be inadequate for the production of a given adaptation, it is a matter of basic importance to decide whether the adaptation is real.
		The essence of the genetical theory of natural selection is a statistical bias in the relative rates of survival of alternatives (genes, individuals, etc.).
		One necessary condition is that the selected entity must have a high degree of permanence and a low rate of endogenous change, relative to the degree of bias (differences in selection coefficients).
	cogweb.ucla.edu /Abstracts/Williams_66.html (486 words)

	Darwinian selection Wikipedia, Flickr, Delicious Bash at Bashr.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		However, the term natural selection is often used to encompass the consequence of blind selection as well as the mechanisms to describe the complete process that leads to the enrichment of the beneficial characteristics in the next generation.Fisher RA (1930) The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection Clarendon Press, Oxford
		This is sometimes referred to as 'phenotypic natural selection.'Lande R and Arnold SJ (1983) The measurement of selection on correlated characters.
		That natural selection had apparently led to 'advancement' in intelligence and civilisation also became used as a justification for colonialism and policies of eugenics andmdash;see Social Darwinism.
	www.bashr.com /en_bio_pics/Darwinian_selection (5391 words)

	NATURAL SELECTION
		The limits of selection due to the absence of hoped-for positive mutations were most severely felt in mutation breeding at the end of the 1970s and in the 1980s after some 40 years of worldwide mutation research with cultivated plants as maize, rice, barley, peas, and others.
		After the neo-Darwinian school of biologists had taught plant breeders that mutation, recombination, and natural selection were responsible for the origination of all life forms and structures on earth, the possibility of the threefold time-lapse-method led to a previously unknown euphoria among geneticists in order to revolutionize plant breeding.
		Natural selection is survival of the fittest, and the tautology hinges on the word fittest.
	www.weloennig.de /NaturalSelection.html (5560 words)

	Species, Hybrids and Natural Selection. Telleen, S.L.
		If the new selection pressure demands a response from a different gene complex than the last selection, the likelihood of the population containing the traits for a successful response is greatly reduced, because the last variability reduction for this gene complex was random rather than environmentally directed.
		Natural and random selection erodes the variability of a single population faster than it is generated by mutation and sexual recombination alone.
		Natural and random selection can erode variability in a single population faster than it can be replaced by mutation and sexual recombination alone, unless it is a very large population.
	www.iorg.com /speciation.html (9960 words)

	The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Unlike in 1958, natural selection has become part of the syllabus of our intellectual life and the topic is certainly included in every decent course in biology.
		For a book that I rate only second in importance in evolution theory to Darwin's Origin (this as joined with its supplement Of Man), and also rate as undoubtedly one of the greatest books of the [twentieth] century the appearance of a variorum edition is a major event...
		In 1999 a third variorum edition (ISBN 0-19-850440-3), with the original 1930 text, annotated with the 1958 alterations, notes and alterations accidentally omitted from the second edition was published, being edited by Henry Bennett.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_Genetical_Theory_of_Natural_Selection (425 words)

	Natural selection bibliography
		Bajema, C. J., 1971, Natural Selection in Human Populations, the Measurement of Ongoing Genetic Evolution in Contemporary Societies: New York, Wiley, 406 p.
		---, 1967, The natural selection of self-regulatory behavior in animal populations: Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia, v.
		Dunbar, M. J., 1960, The evolution of stability in marine environments: natural selection at the level of the ecosystem: American Naturalist, v.
	www.talkorigins.org /origins/biblio/natural_selection.html (250 words)

	Darwinism Refuted.com
		Fisher states in his book The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection that the likelihood that a particular mutation will become fixed in a population is inversely proportional to its effect on the phenotype.
		The occurrence of genetic monstrosities by mutation is well substantiated, but they are such evident freaks that these monsters can be designated only as 'hopeless'.
		Therefore, it is clearly irrational for proponents of the punctuated equilibrium theory to expect greater success from "mutations" than the mainstream neo-Darwinists have found.
	www.darwinismrefuted.com /equilibrium_02.html (543 words)

	The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Natural Selection is _______ the same as Evolution
		: the origin of genetic variation by mutation or recombination, followed by changes in the frequencies of alleles and genotypes primarily caused by genetic drift or natural selection
		____ is the coefficient of selection and is the amount by which the fitness of one genotype is reduced relative to the reference genotype
	www.wou.edu /~duttonb/Bi446/Bi446-Chapter12.htm (597 words)

	Gene Expression: The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, preface & chapter 1
		Though The Genetical Theory is a somewhat mathematical treatment of natural selection, I don't think people should be frightened over the formalism, in general it goes little beyond calculus (there are some allusions to differential equations), and most of the mathematics is reduced to rather spare algebraic relations at the end of it all.
		The joys of The Genetical Theory are different from the rich prose of The Origin of Species, but they are not to be sneezed at.
		Chapter 1, The Nature of Inheritance, is somewhat dated insofar as it addresses the controversy between Mendelian and biometrical schools of biology in the early 20th century.
	scienceblogs.com /gnxp/2006/07/the_genetical_theory_of_natura.php (1414 words)

	The Talk.Origins Archive Post of the Month: July 1998
		Ford thinks that the key "prediction" of natural selection is the gradual emergence of evolutionary novelties, phenotypic changes that allow an organism to perform a new function.
		Nature, Ford implies, is faced with similar deep constraints on phenotypic form.
		As George Williams puts it: "the essence of the genetical theory of natural selection is a statistical bias in the relative rates of survival of alternatives (genes, individuals, etc.)" (Adaptation and Natural Selection: a Critique of Some Current Evolutionary Thought [Princeton, 1966], p.
	www.talkorigins.org /origins/postmonth/jul98.html (683 words)

	Zoology 500 D
		Sexual selection depends on the success of certain individuals over others of the same sex, in relation to the propagation of the species; while natural selection depends on the success of both sexes, at all ages, in relation to the general conditions of life.
		The belief in the power of sexual selection rests chiefly on the following considerations: Certain characters are confined to one sex; and this alone renders it probable that in most cases they are connected with the act of reproduction.
		Whenever appreciable differences exist in a species, which are in fact correlated with selective advantage, there will be a tendency to select also those individuals of the opposite sex which most clearly discriminate the difference to be observed, and which most decidedly prefer the more advantageous type.
	www.zoology.ubc.ca /~otto/PopGen500/Discussion3/Overheads.html (1023 words)

	The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection -- Edwards 154 (4): 1419 -- Genetics
		The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection -- Edwards 154 (4): 1419 -- Genetics
		Herschel's objection to the doctrine of natural selection, "that
		, A. F., 1995 Fiducial inference and the fundamental theorem of natural selection.
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/154/4/1419 (5439 words)

	Science in Context: A Comparative Timeline
		R. Fisher publishes Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, a formal analysis of the mathematics of selection.
		B. McClintock demonstrates in maize that a single exchange within the inversion loop of a paracentric inversion heterozygote generates an acentric and a dicentric chromatid.
		T. Morgan receives a Nobel Prize in Medicine for his development of the theory of the gene.
	www.esp.org /timeline/decades/1930.html (242 words)

	Darwiniana: Classic Texts: Ridley Website
		The sections on adaptation and diversity have been reorganized for improved clarity and flow, and a completely updated section on the evolution of sex and the inclusion of more plant examples have all helped to shape this new edition.
		Evolution also features strong, balanced coverage of population genetics, and scores of new applied plant and animal examples make this edition even more accessible and engaging.
		Haldane, J.B.S. - A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection
	eonix.8m.com /2005/05/classic-texts-ridley-website.html (440 words)

	Natural selection - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There are other articles with similar names; see Natural selection (disambiguation).
		The Galápagos Islands hold 13 species of finches that are closely related and differ most markedly in the shape of their beaks.
		by analogy with artificial selection, by which a farmer selects his breeding stock.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Natural_selection (5875 words)

	[No title]
		Lewontin, R. and Hubby, J. “A molecular approach to genic heterozygosity in natural populations.
		Amount of variation and degree of heterozygosity in natural populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura.” Genetics 54: 595 -609.
		Shimony, A. “The Non-Existence of a Principle of Natural Selection.” Biology and Philosophy 4: 255 -273.
	uts.cc.utexas.edu /~philsci/sarkar/env-ref.doc (542 words)

	Botany online: Selection and Fitness - Definitions and Theory - Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		CROW, J. KIMURA: An introduction to population genetics theory.
		FISHER, R. A.: The genetical theory of natural selection New York: Dover Publ.
		HALDANE, J. S.: A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/e40/40g.htm (114 words)

	Zoology 510, Class Notes
		Fisher, R.A. "The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, chapter 1."
		Haldane, J.B.S "A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection."
		How population size affects the rate of genetic drift.
	www.science.siu.edu /zoology/King/510/ridleyCD.htm (486 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 00702764
		Table of contents for The genetical theory of natural selection / by R.A. Fisher ; edited with a foreword and notes by J.H. Bennett.
		The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection a facsimile of the original 1930 edition with footnotes added showing where changes were made in 1958
		Appendix 3: Annotated list of papers published by R. Fisher on topics related to The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection
	www.loc.gov /catdir/enhancements/fy0611/00702764-t.html (125 words)

	Evolution - Classic Texts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		"The genetical theory of natural selection" Chapter 6: "Secual Reproduction and Sexual Selection" (1930) pp 121-145
		Fisher, R.A. Reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press, Oxford.
		This chapter contains Fisher's major ideas on sex, sexual selection (particularly female choice) and the 50:50 sex ratio.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /ridley/classictexts/fisher2.asp (55 words)

	Gene Expression: Two wave theory & the New World
		Two wave theory & the New World permlink
		Are the paleoanthropologists willing to say that their dating techniques are precise enough not to mistake a snap microevolutionary change as a population replacement (they note that skull morphology does not respond to fast selection, I'm skeptical, but those in the know can correct me).
		Does that imply that stabilizing selection has constrained Australian Aboriginals, Melanesians and sub-Saharan Africans to an "ancestral state." I'm not concerned about issues of political correctness, but I would like people to speak plainly!
	scienceblogs.com /gnxp/2006/04/two_wave_theory_the_new_world.php (697 words)

	Gene Expression: Detecting natural selection, part n (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Detecting natural selection, part n Send this entry to: n">Del.icio.us nandurl=http://www.gnxp.com/blog/2006/03/detecting-natural-selection-part-n.php">Spurl Ma.gnolia Digg n" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;">Newsvine n" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;">Reddit
		Evolgen is continuing his "Detecting Natural Selection" series.
		What can Wolbachia teach us about the Christian Right?
	www.gnxp.com /blog/2006/03/detecting-natural-selection-part-n.php (99 words)

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