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Topic: The Great Terror

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	Russian Revolution/Stalinism
		The terror was unleashed to consolidate rule in addition to implementing collectivization and rapid industrialization as Stalin's position was secure by 1929 but he was not in a position to impose his will on the state.
		With the Great Terror, Fitzpatrick adamantly claims the Moscow Show Trials cannot be used as the archetype because rural trials (away from Moscow) were straightforward and did not originate from the Kremlin.
		Estimates of the number of people killed in the Great Terror vary widely and remain a point of contention among the totalitarian historians (whose estimates tend to be markedly higher) and the revisionists (whose estimates are lowest and are accused of being apologists).
	www.uweb.ucsb.edu /~zeppelin/russianrev.htm (3081 words)

	Robespierre's Impact on the Reign of Terror Cont. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The period of Great Terror from June-July of 1794 is most closely associated with Robespierre.
		He was accused of executing the Great Terror primarily to perpetuate himself in power.
		The Reign of Terror died when Robespierre died and was followed by the Thermidorian Reaction and by the White Terror in which many former terrorists were executed.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~etanter/causescont.html (321 words)

	The Great Terror - The Rogan Board
		But the machinations of the great powers, who were becoming interested in Kurdistan's vast oil deposits, in Mosul and Kirkuk, quickly did the Kurds out of a state.
		A great number of Anfal widows, I was told, still believe that their sons and husbands and brothers are locked away in Saddam's jails.
		The possibility that Saddam could supply weapons of mass destruction to anti-American terror groups is a powerful argument among advocates of "regime change," as the removal of Saddam is known in Washington.
	www.joerogan.net /forums/showthread.php?t=31193 (15474 words)

	The Great Terror
		But in no way was the terror directed only at the Party officials: ordinary citizens were affected by it as well.
		The constitution, which was referred to as a great achievement of socialism, stated the end of capitalism in USSR.
		Ironically, this period of terror was called by the Russian constitution “democracy”.
	library.thinkquest.org /C004169/2ta.html (776 words)

	Gendercide Watch: Stalin's Purges
		The main evidence for the gendercidal impact of the "Great Terror" lies in the Soviet census of 1959.
		From 35-39, women outnumbered men by 61 to 39 percent; from 40-54, the figure was 62 to 38 percent; in the 55-59 age group, 67 to 33 percent; from 60-69, 65 to 35 percent; and 70 or older, 68 to 32 percent.
		Demystified, secularized, stripped of his supernatural power, the great demonic adversary no longer needed to seduce a weaker [female] vessel but could walk among the elect as one of their own.
	www.gendercide.org /case_stalin.html (3703 words)

	Great Serpent and the Great Flood
		Soon the Great Serpent came slowly to the surface of the water and moved toward the shore.
		So great was their number that they soon covered the shores of the lake.
		The Great Serpent soon knew that he would die from his wound, but he and his companions were determined to destroy Nanabozho.
	www.indigenouspeople.net /greatflo.htm (1163 words)

	Great Purge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Great Purge (Russian: Большая чистка, transliterated Bolshaya chistka) is the name given to campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin during the late 1930s.
		The Great Purge was started under the NKVD chief Genrikh Yagoda, but the height of the campaigns occurred while the NKVD was headed by Nikolai Yezhov, from September 1936 to August 1938; this period is sometimes referred to as the Yezhovshchina ("Yezhov era").
		Robert Conquest: The Great Terror: Stalin's Purge of the Thirties.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Great_Terror (3674 words)

	The Great Terror - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		One of the first books by a Western writer to discuss the Great Purge in the Soviet Union, it was based mainly on information which had been made public, either officially or by individuals, during the Khrushchev Thaw in the period 1956-1964.
		The most important aspect of Robert Conquest's The Great Terror was that it widened the understanding of the purges beyond the previous narrow focus on the "Moscow trials" of disgraced Communist Party leaders such as Nikolai Bukharin and Grigori Zinoviev.
		The timing of the publication of The Great Terror, in the middle of the Vietnam War and the great upsurge of leftist sentiment in Western universities and intellectual circles (see The Sixties), guaranteed that it would receive a hostile reception.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_Great_Terror (812 words)

	The Great Terror
		The Great Terror, a retrospective term which historians have borrowed from the French Revolution, refers to the paroxysm of state-organized bloodshed that overwhelmed the Communist Party and Soviet society during the years 1936-38.
		For the sake of clarity, it is worth noting that the Soviet government did not describe the arrests and executions of party and state personnel as terror but rather as part of its response to alleged terrorist plots and actions.
		The Great Terror was punctuated by three elaborately staged show trials of former high-ranking Communists.
	www.soviethistory.org /index.php?action=L2&SubjectID=1936terror&Year=1936 (506 words)

	Stalin's Terror
		This grew from his paranoia and his desire to be absolute autocrat, and was enforced via the NKVD and public 'show trials'.
		The most famous description of Stalin's Terror is The Gulag Archipelago, by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn.
		'The worst aspect of the Terror was not the deaths, but the stultifying effect it had on the everyday life of ordinary people' Using Source A, discuss this claim with a friend.
	www.johndclare.net /Russ12.htm (716 words)

	biography : Joseph Stalin The Great Terror
		Millions were caught up in the Great Terror and were killed, died from, abuse and mistreatment in the Gulag, or had their lives ruined.
		It is often thought that the Holocaust and Great Terror are somehow the result of defects in German and Russian character.
		The normality of the perpetrators and the ability to enduce them to even accept the arrest of family members suggest that such behavior is all to human and in the right mixture of deopraved leadership, absence of the rule of law, and appropriate historical circumstances that such erruption of horror are possible in any country.
	histclo.com /bio/s/stalin/sta-ter.html (1794 words)

	The Great Famine, 1932-1933 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		It as the first great crisis of the Stalin regime, and it marks the beginning of a whole new era of terror.
		The death toll among the peasantry over the whole period 1930 to 1933 is given in the recent Soviet literature as around 10 million---higher than the dead of all the belligerents put together in the First World War.
		That is, it was all on a scale as large as that of the subsequent "Great Terror." These events are not the subject of this book, except insofar as they are a part of the preparation for the full scale Stalinist regime.
	www.artukraine.com /famineart/famine14.htm (1026 words)

	New Statesman - Terror, the great leveller
		On the contrary, it is to recognise that what is loosely called al-Qaeda terrorism (al-Qaeda being a brand name rather than a discrete entity) is nastier than anything perpetrated by Basque separatists, Irish republicans or Red Brigades.
		Wage war on poverty rather than on terror, we can argue, and the terrorists can indeed be hunted down with all the hammed-up determination that George W Bush and Tony Blair can muster.
		But, and here's the rub, the neoconservatives in Washington and their curious new Labour supporters in Britain truly believe that free markets (democracy, when push comes to shove, seems to be optional) offer the best route out of poverty.
	www.newstatesman.com /200403220001 (1059 words)

	Stalinist Terror - Cambridge University Press
		Although Stalin remains the central personality in the terror, other leaders, institutions, and social groups played important roles, and by analyzing them the essays in the volume help to provide a more complete and balanced view of the phenomenon of the terror as a whole.
		The great terror on the local level: purges in Moscow factories, 1936-1938 David L. Hoffman; 8.
		The impact of the great purges on Soviet elites: a case study from Moscow and leningrad telephone directories of the 1930s Sheila Fitzpatrick; 13.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521446708 (478 words)

	EefyWiki - 23c: The Time of Terror
		As part of the "Popular Front" movement, the Soviet Union supported the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939, against the Fascist-supported Nationalists of Francisco Franco (who is still dead, by the way).
		The Soviet Union was thus able to pose as the only great power to stand against Fascism, while Britain, France, and the United States sat on their hands.
		Involvement in the Spanish Civil War didn't slow the Great Terror at all.
	eefy.editme.com /L23c (952 words)

	Repression and Terror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		During the ensuing Great Terror, which included the notorious show trials of Stalin's former Bolshevik opponents in 1936-1938 and reached its peak in 1937 and 1938, millions of innocent Soviet citizens were sent off to labor camps or killed in prison.
		By the time the terror subsided in 1939, Stalin had managed to bring both the party and the public to a state of complete submission to his rule.
		From the Soviet point of view, his murder was probably the crime of the century because it paved the way for the Great Terror.
	www.ibiblio.org /expo/soviet.exhibit/repress.html (547 words)

	SparkNotes: Joseph Stalin: Important People, Terms, and Events
		Alexei Rykov - A member of Lenin's Politburo, and one of Bukharin's allies, he was a victim of the Great Terror.
		George Zhukov - The great general who orchestrated the Soviet victory in World War II Zinoviev - A "Leftist" member of Lenin's Politburo, he would be executed by Stalin in 1936.
		Show Trials - · Conducted at the height of the Great Terror, these widely broadcast trials featured Stalin's old rivals confessing to treason (after having been secretly tortured) and being sentenced to death.
	www.sparknotes.com /biography/stalin/terms.html (1151 words)

	Masturbation: The History of the Great Terror Journal of Social History - Find Articles
		Even the great doctors of the eighteenth century like Tissot began to see masturbation as causal in illness and proceeded to treat it as a real and deadly ailment.
		The strengths of this book are also its weaknesses: its attempt to show a cycle of an emerging problem, a culmination, and a retreat create a story that is terse, dramatic, and demonstrative of fallacies about sexuality.
		If anything, both masturbation and marijuana seem to have lost their terrors given more recent fears about AIDS and crack; in today's world, their comparison seems more charming than provocative.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2005/is_4_37/ai_n6097932 (1009 words)

	foreign notes: Echoes of 'The Great Terror' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		And in order for those who sit in the building in Lyubyanka to hold people in a state of terror it is necessary to confirm everyday the certainty of the irreversibility of punishment for deviation, and for overcoming fear of the system.
		A person such as Alexander Litvinenko, who knew the system from the inside and who did not stop fighting it for a minute, could not be an exception for them.
		A significant portion of the last century's history of Russia and the Soviet Union was called "The Great Terror" - the instrument for application of this terror was the NKVD and KGB.
	foreignnotes.blogspot.com /2006/11/echoes-of-great-terror.html (723 words)

	Death and the Dictator (washingtonpost.com)
		Within the two years of what would be called the Great Terror, at least 1.5 million people were arrested and at least half of them executed -- mostly party and state leaders, engineers, intellectuals and military officers down to the regiment level.
		This rate of elite extermination was not to be repeated, but the systematic mass terror that started with the birth of the Soviet state would continue unabated until Stalin's death.
		Nor was the Great Terror the single most intense slaughter in Soviet history, as Donald Rayfield estimates in Stalin and His Hangmen, his searing and beautifully written chronicle of state-sponsored murder.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A54997-2005Apr14.html (1021 words)

	HRWIFF: Film Archive - Eternal Memory: Voices From The Great Terror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		During the 1930s and 1940s, "social surgery on a monumental scale" was practiced in the USSR by the Stalinist regime: 20 million died in labor camps, of famine, or in wholesale executions.
		Memories of this tragic period are preserved in the ritual exhumation and reburial of innumerable mass graves, by the riveting testimony of survivors.
		Pultz and his film crew were among the first from the West that had been given the chance to freely travel and talk with citizens of the newly independent Ukraine.
	www.hrw.org /iff-98/films98/eternal.htm (279 words)

	Chapter Seventeen
		In this chapter we will examine how the dramatic growth of Islam may be tied into the coming Great Apostasy as well as the relationship between terror and the sucess of the Antichrist.
		The Stockholm Syndrome is essentially a reference to the psychological dynamic that has been repeatedly observed where the one who has been held prisoner, abused or terrorized eventually identifies with and supports their captors or tormentors.
		The budding trends that we are seeing today - the conversion of the terrorized to the religion of the terrorists, will come to full fruition in the days to come as the Beast and his kingdom terrorize the whole earth in the name of his religion.
	www.answering-islam.org /Authors/JR/Future/ch17_the_great_apostasy.htm (2101 words)

	The Great Famine-Genocide in Soviet Ukraine (Holodomor)
		They include "The Great Terror: Stalin's Purge of the Thirties," "The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror-Famine," "Stalin: Breaker of Nations" (his latest, published in 1991) and the defiantly unchic "Where Marx Went Wrong."
		The newspaper called "The Great Terror," first published in 1968, "one of the most significant of foreign researches into Soviet history."
		"But it's always great to be vindicated on the scale they have [done]," he says.
	www.artukraine.com /famineart/antisov.htm (886 words)

	NY: The Great Terror - 3-25-02
		It reads, in part, "Against them"-your enemies-"make ready your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into the hearts of the enemies of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom ye may not know, but whom Allah doth know.
		The commander of the peshmerga forces surrounding Biyara, a veteran guerrilla named Ramadan Dekone, said that Ansar al-Islam is made up of Kurdish Islamists and an unknown number of so-called Arab Afghans-Arabs, from southern Iraq and elsewhere, who trained in the camps of Al Qaeda.
		But he is also, they say, a high-ranking officer of the Mukhabarat.
	www.iraqwatch.org /perspectives/ny-greatterror-032502.htm (15284 words)

	Amazon.com: The Great Terror: A Reassesment: Books: Robert Conquest (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Upon its publication in 1968, Conquest's The Great Terror: Stalin's Purge of the Thirties (LJ 12/1/68) received wide acclaim for its broad, well-documented portrayal of the death of millions in Stalin's peacetime consolidation of power.
		The definitive work on Stalin's purges, Robert Conquest's The Great Terror was universally acclaimed when it first appeared in 1968.
		His Famine of Terror is a much better read and, while as detailed as the Great Terror, it's rendition is highly superior to the Great Terror.
	www.amazon.com /Great-Terror-Reassesment-Robert-Conquest/dp/0888642229 (2745 words)

	Nostradamus - The great figures of History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The new magistrate is Robespierre, the muscleman of the Revolution, the lawyer, and later on, the more powerful magistrate of France, the man who invented Terror during the Revolution.
		He relies on the Commune to knock down the Girondins whose main leaders are excluded from the Convention and arrested...Disciple of Rousseau, he orders the execution of the 'Enragés' and the 'Hébertistes'who lead a campaign for dechristianization.
		An heterogeneous coalition is formed against Robespierre: terrorists whose exaggerations are condemned by Robespierre, the rich, disturbed by his politics in favor of people of modest means, moderates who want the end of the Terror.
	www.cosmosite.net /161-robespierreeng.htm (333 words)

	The new stamp of Robeson - The Washington Times: Commentary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		* Rejoiced in the Great Terror with these words: "It is the [Soviet] government's duty to put down any opposition to this really free society with a firm hand, and I hope they will always do it, for I already regard myself at home here [in Moscow].
		To the end, he remained an unrepentant Stalinist despite the revelations by Stalin's successor, Nikita Khrushchev, of the Great Terror.
		Let's put it simply: The radical left in America has won a great propaganda victory in getting an arm of our government to honor a man who dedicated his artistry to a bloody tyrant just as Leni Riefenstahl dedicated her moviemaking talents to Adolf Hitler.
	www.washtimes.com /commentary/20040112-091552-4941r.htm (691 words)

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