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Topic: Limits to Growth

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	Economic growth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During much of the "Mercantilist" period, growth was seen as involving an increase in the total amount of specie, that is circulating medium such as silver and gold, under the control of the state.
		The modern conception of economic growth began with the critique of Mercantilism, especially by the physiocrats and with the Scottish Enlightenment thinkers such as David Hume and Adam Smith, and the foundation of the discipline of modern political economy.
		The long-run path of economic growth is one of the central questions of economics; in spite of the problems of measurement, an increase in GDP of a country is generally taken as an increase in the standard of living of its inhabitants.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Economic_growth (2282 words)

	Limits to Growth - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Limits to Growth was a 1972 book modeling the consequences of a rapidly growing world population, commissioned by the Club of Rome.
		One key idea that the book Limits to Growth discusses is that if the rate of resource use is increasing, the amount of reserves cannot be calculated by simply taking the current known reserves and dividing by the current yearly usage, as is typically done to obtain a static index.
		Another harsh critic of Limits to Growth was Lyndon LaRouche, who authored a 1983 book There Are No Limits to Growth and included the Club of Rome prominently in his view of a global Malthusian conspiracy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Limits_to_Growth (809 words)

	Limits to Growth, 30 Year Update
		When The Limits to Growth was first published in 1972, most economists, along with many industrialists, politicians, and Third World advocates raised their voices in outrage at the suggestion that population growth and material consumption need to be reduced by deliberate means.
		Limits to growth include both the material and energy that are extracted from the Earth, and the capacity of the planet to absorb the pollutants that are generated as those materials and energy are used.
		Another fundamental limit to growth is sinks —the capacity of the planet to absorb the pollution and waste resulting from human economic activity.
	www.mnforsustain.org /meadows_limits_to_growth_30_year_update_2004.htm (5679 words)

	Beyond the Limits - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Beyond the Limits was a 1992 book continuing the modeling of the consequences of a rapidly growing global population that was started in The Limits of Growth.
		Beyond the Limits addressed many of the criticisms of the Limits of Growth book, but still has caused controversy and mixed reactions.
		These limits are more like speed limits than barriers at the end of the road: the rate at which renewable resources can renew themselves, the rate at which we can change from nonrenewable resources to renewable ones, and the rate at which nature can recycle our pollution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Beyond_the_Limits (359 words)

	Fair Warning?: The Club of Rome Revisited, by Keith Suter
		"Limits to Growth" was commissioned by The Club of Rome, a thinktank of scientists, economists, businesspeople, international civil servants, and politicians from the five continents.
		This graph from 'Limits to Growth' aims to show an inevitable global shortage of arable land in response to population pressures and urban growth.
		Ironically, the conservative influential British magazine The Economist, which remains a critic of "Limits to Growth", produced a supplement on "Development and the Environment" on March 21 1998 which showed the extent of environmental destruction in the Third World.
	www.abc.net.au /science/slab/rome (2103 words)

	limits to growth: a report to the club of rome
		The limits to growth no longer merely lie ahead, in the future; they are with us today, and have been for the last twenty years.
		Discussions in international forums where the necessity of growth or its significance are challenged inevitably lead to emotional scenes, and all the agendas of all the world's political and economic bodies call for growth in the restricted sense of the word, because of an unabashed conviction that this is always good for the world.
		This is of vital importance for the debate on the limits to growth, because these economies continue to literally count themselves rich, while poverty is on the rise, or in other words because the subtracted value is higher than the added value.
	dieoff.org /page25.htm (6247 words)

	[No title]
		If the present growth trends in world population, industrialization, pollution, food production, and resource depletion continue unchanged, the limits to growth on this planet will be reached sometime within the next one hundred years.
		It is possible to alter these growth trends and to establish a condition of ecological and economic stability \par that is sustainable far into the future.
		Given that first \par assumption, that population and capital growth should not be deliberately limited but should be left to "seek \par their own levels", we have not been able to find a set of policies that avoids the collapse mode of behavior.
	www.clubofrome.org /docs/limits.rtf (5316 words)

	20th WCP: Limits to Growth in Elite Sport - Some Ethical Considerations
		To break barriers, to push limits, is very important and central in elite sport; to be the first under 10 seconds on 100 meter sprint for men, the first under 4 minutes in one English mile, the first over 6 meter in pole-vaulting or the first over 9 meter in long jump, and so on.
		The Club of Rome and its study of «limits to growth» has encouraged studies of growth and crisis in several areas.
		The health problems probably follow an algorithmic increase model as the performance limits are approached, at least in all sports with heavy demand on speed, strength or endurance, as well as sports with high speed or risk and acrobatic sports (Breivik, 1973; 1987).
	www.bu.edu /wcp/Papers/Spor/SporBrei.htm (3304 words)

	AlterNet: Facing the Limits to Growth
		It has been astonishing to me that many politicians and economists can continue to deny the evidence of limits that is announced with ever more frequency and urgency in the daily papers and the evening news.
		The limits are similarly diverse -- they may be imposed by a fixed amount of space; by limited time; by constraints inherent in physical, biological, political, psychological, or other features of a system.
		Growth in the globe's population and material economy confronts humanity with this possibility.
	www.alternet.org /story/18978 (2380 words)

	Meadows, Meadows, and Randers - Beyond The Limits To Growth
		If the present growth trends in world population, industrialization, pollution, food production, and resource depletion continue unchanged, the limits to growth on this planet will be reached sometime within the next 100 years.
		It is possible to alter these growth trends and to establish a condition of ecological and economic stability that is sustainable far into the future.
		In 1971 we concluded that the physical limits to human use of materials and energy were somewhere decades ahead.
	www.context.org /ICLIB/IC32/Meadows.htm (2582 words)

	Limits to Growth :: Chelsea Green Publishing
		Over the past three decades, population growth and global warming have forged on with a striking semblance to the scenarios laid out by the World3 computer model in the original Limits to Growth.
		Written in refreshingly accessible prose, Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update is a long anticipated revival of some of the original voices in the growing chorus of sustainability.
		Limits to Growth: The 30 Year Update is a work of stunning intelligence that will expose for humanity the hazy but critical line between human growth and human development.
	www.chelseagreen.com /2004/items/limitspaper (533 words)

	Engines of Creation - K. Eric Drexler : Chapter 10 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Limits define the boundaries of the possible, telling us what resources we can use, how fast our spacecraft will fly, and what our nanomachines will and won't be able to do.
		Our knowledge of some limits remains loose: "We know only that the limit lies between here (a few paces away) and there (that spot near the horizon)." Assemblers will open the way to the limits, wherever they are, and automated engineering systems will speed progress along the road.
		We may like or dislike limits to growth, but their reality is independent of our wishes.
	www.foresight.org /EOC/EOC_Chapter_10.html (7571 words)

	Modeling Population Growth: Limits on Growth
		No population grows without bounds, so we need to modify our population model to predict the fact that many populations have a so-called limiting population that is determined by the carrying capacity of their environment.
		The easiest way to model a limiting population is to introduce a new term into our population model.
		Recall that for the exponential growth model, we chose our parameters to try to minimize the sum of the squares of the residuals between the data and a solution curve.
	www.geom.uiuc.edu /education/calc-init/population/logistic.html (1062 words)

	Limits to Growth - A 30 Year Update
		In 1972, The Limits to Growth shocked the world and forever changed the global agenda by demonstrating that unchecked growth on our finite planet was leading planet earth towards ecological 'overshoot' and pending disaster.
		Limits to Growth foresaw many of today's dangers, ranging from conflict over resources, to climate change, to the dangerous and widening gap between the world's poorest and the world's richest people.
		By the time Beyond the Limits, the 20-year update, was published in 1992, humanity had already exceeded many critical ecological limits, including fishing, the emission of CO2, the emission of CFCs and other ozone-destroyers, habitat destruction, and very probably agricultural productivity limits as well.
	www.naturaledgeproject.net /LimitsUpdate.aspx (707 words)

	Reason
		Since this hearing is devoted to trying to assess the impacts of scientific information on public policy, I think that looking back at the forecasts of what the state of the planet was predicted to be at the end of the last millennium would be a good place to start.
		This thesis was most famously propounded in the 1972 Limits to Growth report to the Club of Rome and later in President Jimmy Carter's Global 2000 report.
		The report's authors projected that, at the exponential growth rates they expected to occur, known world supplies of zinc, gold, tin, copper, oil, and natural gas would be completely exhausted in 1992.
	www.reason.com /rb/rb020404.shtml (2505 words)

	THE LIMITS TO GROWTH ANALYSIS
		If this limits to growth analysis is valid we must work for eventual transition to ways of life and to an economy that will enable all to have a high quality of life on far lower levels of resource consumption.
		Conclusion: These have been some of the main limits to growth arguments which lead to the conclusion that there is no possibility of all people rising to the living standards we take for granted today in rich countries.
		There is no possibility of making the transition unless there is a vast increase in public awareness of the limits to growth analysis, of the fact that we are on a totally unsustainable path, and of the existence of a satisfactory alternative way.
	socialwork.arts.unsw.edu.au /tsw/06b-Limits-Long.html (9452 words)

	Limits to Growth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A Limits to Growth structure consists of a Reinforcing Loop, the growth of which, after some success, is offset by a action of a Balancing Loop.
		In situations where a Limits to Growth structure is operating the reinforcing loop generally operates for some time with little apparent limiting action from the balancing loop.
		It is possible that limited shared resources are the source of the limiting factor leading to a Tragedy of the Commons.
	www.systems-thinking.org /theWay/slg/lg.htm (343 words)

	Archive - Club of Rome
		Exponential growth is a dynamic phenomenon, which means that it involves elements that change over time.
		society, the limits to growth, and the behavior of our socio-economic systems when the limits are reached.
		limitation to growth--only the last two are actually possible.
	propagandamatrix.com /archive_club_of_rome.html (4588 words)

	Beyond the Limits
		The computer program "Limits to Growth" presents the graphs in a variety of ways to enable the use of the scientific method to compare and analyze the results of a variety of changes presented in scenarios.
		The actual "Limits to Growth" program is not available over the inernet, but the results of the computer model are available as graphs in this exercise.
		It is useful to think of exponential growth in terms of doubling time, or the time it takes a growing quantity to double in size.
	www.elmhurst.edu /~chm/onlcourse/chm110/labs/limits.html (3804 words)

	Limits to Growth
		The periods without general economic growth have been years of crisis with bankruptcies and increased unemployment.
		If there isn't any growth in the future, the current low price of shares will be the order of the day.
		In the famous 1972 book "Limits to Growth" from the Club of Rome, the threat lay in using up the world's natural resources.
	www.cifs.dk /scripts/artikel.asp?id=746&lng=2 (827 words)

	Sexual Paradox: Chaos
		Their ratio tends in limit to, giving, the so-called golden mean number, which along with other such extreme irrationals, are the last numbers to become captured by mode-locked intervals.
		An intriguing illustration of frozen chaos permeating biological organisms is the incidence of the golden mean as a ratio or angle in both animal and plant form.
		However a predator acts to reduce the growth rate of a population and thus protects it from boom and bust population crisis in which the prey multiplies so fast that it eats all the available food and dies en masse through starvation.
	www.dhushara.com /paradoxhtm/chaos.htm (5380 words)

	Meadows, Meadows and Randers - Beyon the Limits to Growth
		Meadows, Meadows and Randers - Beyon the Limits to Growth
		The results of our study were described for the general public in The Limits to Growth.
		But until we started updating The Limits to Growth we had not let our minds fully absorb the message.
	www.glocalweb.de /html/cs/meadows001.htm (2571 words)

	Limits to growth redux \| MetaFilter
		Although Limits to Growth type predictions have had their critics, many of the stats and projections presented have a certain brutal inevitability about them.
		For that to mean anything, you need to account for the corresponding population growth rate.
		Except, eideteker, the population growth rate is immaterial to the point of the quote, which is that consumption of inputs is predicted to double in 8 years for China.
	www.metafilter.com /mefi/49125 (625 words)

	Limits To Growth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		I spent a lot of time in the school library hoping to go beyond the general concepts my instructors were feeding me. In a short time I became hopelessly distracted by the wealth of reading materials there.
		While I was not an avid reader by any means, I had become totally engaged by socioeconomic issues such as population growth, world food supply and it's demand on agriculture and on our naturally fertile soils, and our disproportionate consumption of the world's resources.
		Beyond The Limits, the sequel to Limits To Growth followed about 20 years later in 1992.
	homepage.mac.com /contours/LTG-BTL.html (458 words)

	NEFSC Fish FAQ
		The Canadian government discontinued in mid-1973 a six-year-old experiment in which the lobsters were reared successfully in the waters off British Columbia.
		Their rearmost pair of legs is modified for swimming and legs are paddle-shaped.
		The rigid shell imprisons the crab and limits growth.
	www.nefsc.noaa.gov /faq/fishfaq3c.html (533 words)

	Energy Limits to Growth
		The expansion of solar energy systems is limited by the availability of land.
		Estimates are that about 20 percent of U.S. land area (about 450 million acres) would be required to support a solar energy system that would supply less than one-half (37 quads) of our current energy consumption (80 quads).
		Limits to Growth, Meadows et al.; Universe, 1972.
	www.mnforsustain.org /energy_limits_to_growth_hanson_j.htm (3118 words)

	Bush Greenwatch
		but containing and limiting damage to the planet and humanity.
		The message that current growth trends cannot be sustained is
		Limits to Growth is so far the only book to provide that
	www.bushgreenwatch.org /mt_archives/000148.php (648 words)

	Re: The Limits To Growth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The entire country is implementing (in small, painful steps) free market reforms and is revitalizing in the process.
		Even The Immortal Seven themselves attribute the growth to capitalistic reforms.
		Furthermore, many economists have commented on the near-perfect inverse correlation between economic success in China, and distance from Beijing, which maintains a tighter control on areas near it.
	www.ibiblio.org /london/agriculture/forums/sustainable-agriculture/msg02611.html (205 words)

	Margo Kingston's Webdiary - smh.com.au (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Wallerstein believes that the period of transition we are entering allows us space and opportunity to break out, to recreate our polity and economy in a fashion more friendly to personal growth, creativity, and the possibility of personal freedom and transformation.
		Wallerstein’s largest contribution, though, is perhaps in his reading of the turbulent times we are entering, where another world, one we would now scarcely recognise, is not only possible but inevitable.
		He sees decline where others see unlimited growth, and in that decline he sees the powerful acting more erratically to shore up their position.
	webdiary.smh.com.au /archives/margo_kingston/000272.html (5321 words)

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