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	Dialectical Investigations - How to Study Class Consciousness...and Why We Should < DIALECTICAL MARXISM: The Writings ...
		What makes the interaction of classes a "struggle," however, is not the consciousness of the actors, nor even the intensity or undisguised nature of the clash, but the incompatibility of their objective interests and paths of development, both of which are inherent in the structure of capitalism itself.
		In the case of class consciousness, the relation of its main subjective aspect, which is the actual consciousness of the group, to its main objective aspect, which is the consciousness appropriate to the place and function of the class in capitalist society, is a relation of the one developing toward the other.
		Class struggle, as I said earlier, is the law of motion of classes, bringing under one rubric the contradictory forces that underlie class interaction as the summary objective expression of class consciousness.
	www.nyu.edu /projects/ollman/docs/di_ch09_content.php (0 words)

	The Making of the English Working Class - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Making of the English Working Class is an influential work of English social history, written by E.
		Thompson makes great effort to recreate the life-experience of the working class(es), which is what often marks it out as such an influential work.
		Thompson's re-evaluation of the Luddite movement, and his (unsympathetic) treatment of the influence of the early Methodist movement on working class aspirations are also particularly memorable.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_Making_of_the_English_Working_Class (317 words)

	Thompson Preface
		Making, because it is a study in an active process, which owes as much to agency as to conditioning.
		Class is defined by men as the live their own history, and, in the end, this is its only definition.
		This ruling class was itself much divided, and in fact only gained in cohesion over the same years because certain antagonisms were resolved (or faded into relative insignificance) in the face of an insurgent working class.
	www.eco.utexas.edu /facstaff/Cleaver/357kThompsonPreface.html (0 words)

	The Essential E. P. Thompson
		The making of the working class is a fact of political and cultural, as much as of economic, history.
		To see the working class in this way is to defend a "classical" view of the period against the prevalent mood of contemporary schools of economic history and sociology.
		The forces making for political reform in the late 18th century—Wilkes, the city merchants, the Middlesex small gentry, the "mob"—or Wyvill, and the small gentry and yeomen, clothiers, cutlers, and tradesmen—were on the eve of gaining at least some piecemeal victories in the 1790s: Pitt had been cast for the role of reforming Prime Minister.
	partners.nytimes.com /books/first/t/01thom.html (0 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: The Making of the English Working Class (Penguin History): Books: E.P. Thompson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The author shows how the working class took part in its own making and re-creates the whole-life experience of people who suffered loss of status and freedom, who underwent degradation and who yet created a culture and political conscience of great vitality.
		The first was that social history was boring; the second was that all working class movements were (disappointingly) lead or supported by the middle-classes, and once the middle-classes got what they wanted and put the brakes on the movements they led the workers collapsed.
		Making of the English Working Class, 3 Oct 2002
	www.amazon.co.uk /Making-English-Working-Penguin-History/dp/0140136037 (0 words)

	John N. Schacht on Labor History at Iowa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Gutman's themes, and especially his focus on the community as the real arena for investigation of working class culture and activities, have prompted a torrent of book-length community studies, to the extent that they might well be called the characteristic format of the new labor history.
		Accordingly, in the 1980s the term "working class history" often came to be used in place of "the new labor history." By then, the latter term inadequately described an enterprise that was no longer new and was no longer confined to the "labor" aspect of working people's lives.
		They had no reason to deny the obviously pathbreaking nature of working class historiography, and they were not disposed toward writing history that was politically objectionable from the viewpoint of the historians of the working class.
	www.lib.uiowa.edu /spec-coll/Bai/schacht.htm (0 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The Making of the English Working Class, by E. P. Thompson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Making of the English Working Class, by E. Thompson
		Seligman, Ben B. To a generation reared on classical economic history, it was something of a shock to be told a few years ago that the agony of the Industrial Revolution was a myth.
		...Thus, the Hammonds, doyens of English economic historians, taught that the Industrial Revolution brought confusion to the settled ways of free-born Englishmen that we are still seeking to compose, power that we are still seeking to subdue...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V38I1P71-1.htm (0 words)

	http://en
		The Luddites were a group of English workers in the early 1800s who protested the changes produced by the Industrial Revolution that they felt threatened their jobs, often by destroying machines.
		The best explanation for this is that they were working with the consent of the local communities (or indeed were part of those communities).
		We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of political, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues.
	www.wheresthepaper.org /Luddite.htm (0 words)

	H-Net Review: Carole Turbin on The Struggle for the Breeches: Gender and the Making of the ...
		Many working people of varied walks of life who were excluded from suffrage began to view themselves as part of the working classes because they perceived themselves in contrast to a middle class.
		Clark emphasizes that the working class did not emerge as definitively as Thompson suggests; the definition of working class was still "open-ended" because working peoples' experiences and self-perceptions were varied and changing, and radicals continued to adopt a variety of strategies and rhetorics.
		Clark's analysis infuses gender into class because she demonstrates that the separation of spheres not only represented a new form of patriarchal domination, subordination, and new gender definitions, but also new configurations of class and class consciousness.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=16529874090525 (0 words)

	E. P. Thompson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Thompson's most influential work was and remains The Making of the English Working Class, published in 1963 while he was working at Leeds University.
		A major work of research and synthesis, it was also important in historiographical terms: with it, Thompson demonstrated the power of an historical Marxism rooted in the experience of real flesh-and-blood workers.
		The Making of the English Working Class London: Victor Gollancz (1963); 2nd edition with new postcript, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968, third edition with new preface 1980.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/E._P._Thompson (0 words)

	CiteULike: Languages of Class: Studies in English Working Class History 1832-1982 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		As the progenitor of the first generally acknowledged working-class movement, the English working class provided the initial empirical basis for not only the original Marxist theory of modern industry and proletarian revolution, but also subsequent historians' reactions against, or adaptations of, the Marxist theory of class.
		In Languages of Class Gareth Stedman Jones draws a distinction between two conceptions of class: the everyday and commonplace perception of its pervasiveness in England, and the Marxist idea of its revolutionary significance.
		Among the themes of individual essays in the book are a rethinking of 'the making of the English working class' and the phenomenon of Chartism, a novel exploration of the formation and components of 'working-class culture', and, in the light of these, a new approach to understanding the history of the Labour Party.
	www.citeulike.org /user/rherring/article/691388 (0 words)

	The Development of the British Working Class, A Debate: Part I
		The development of the British working class remains one of many historical problems facing students of modern British history.
		E.P. Thompson, in his classic The Making of the English Working Class, discusses the development of a working class consciousness from the 1790s to the Great Reform Bill and argues that this was caused by prolonged conflict between the workers and the governing classes.
		It soon becomes apparent though, that Thompson is building a case that violence was needed for the working class to be formed, even in a nation that typically shuns violence.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/british_history/30963 (0 words)

	History is What History Does
		Unable to come up with an adequate description for the notion of “class,” Thompson simply states, “Class is defined by men as they live their own history, and, in the end, this is its only definition.”26 Thompson did not think that class was automatically derived from a certain relationship to the means of production.
		Just as the English workers in the early nineteenth century had rebelled against being turned into machine-like instruments of an exploitative social system, so the citizens of the East and West might rebel then against the mindless social process that was carrying them collectively toward a nuclear war that no one wanted.
		Rosaldo’s complaint about The Making of the English Working Class is that Thompson treats his narrative as a “neutral medium,” though he has imposed his own understanding of what happened onto his subjects.
	www.loyno.edu /~history/journal/Rabalais.htm (0 words)

	Amazon.com: Making of the English Working Class: Books: E.P. Thompson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Making of the English Working Class by E.P. Thompson
		"The Making of the English Working Class" is precisely what its (awkward) title describes: a history of the developments leading to the emergence of the modern industrial working class in England (and Scotland, sort of.
		It is clear that the author shows a certain bias in favour of the "losers" of the first Industrial Revolution: the English artisans in the textile trade, who in the late 18th and early 19th century were being reduced to the position of factory workers condemned to work under appalling conditions.
	www.amazon.com /Making-English-Working-Class-Vintage/dp/0394703227 (0 words)

	Duncan Hallas: Working class historian (1993) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		His greatest work, The Making of the English Working Class (1963), is informed by, indeed saturated with, the notions of solidarity, of collectivity, of sacrificing one’s own ego to the needs of a great cause, even when comrades in the struggle have manifest faults and failings.
		In plain words, the New Left will not make any organised intervention in the struggle between left and right in the working class movement and therefore not in the class struggle day to day, because that inevitably involves a struggle with ‘the bureaucracies’ too.
		It is, undoubtedly The Making of the English Working Class.
	www.marxists.org /archive/hallas/works/1993/10/thompson.htm (0 words)

	Vintage Catalog \| Making of the English Working Class by Edward P. Thompson
		Making of the English Working Class by Edward P. Thompson
		Without any reservation, The Making of the English Working Class is the most important study of those days since the classic work of the Hammonds."--Commentary
		Thompson's deeply human imagination and controlled passion help us to recapture the agonies, heroisms and illusions of the working class as it made itself.
	www.randomhouse.com /vintage/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9780394703220 (0 words)

	The Making of the South African Past by Christopher Saunders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In emphasising class rather than race, the revisionists of the early 1970s were reacting especially against the emphasis given race in writing of the 1950s and 1960s, which had largely, if not completely, ignored or rejected class.
		They focused their work on the twentieth-century state, and sought to show its functionality for capital accumulation, especially in mining and agriculture, and demonstrate how different capitalist interests -fractions of capital — had shaped state policies.
		The marrying of an Africanist and a materialist approach was one response to the ‘ethnic trap.
	www.marxists.org /subject/africa/saunders/making-past/ch17.htm (0 words)

	The Struggle for the Breeches
		This is a big book that develops a significant new line of inquiry on a classic story in modern history--the making of the English working class.
		Linking the personal and the political, Anna Clark depicts the making of the working class in Britain as a "struggle for the breeches." The late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries witnessed significant changes in notions of masculinity and femininity, the sexual division of labor, and sexual mores, changes that were intimately intertwined with class politics.
		Clark shows that in trying to create a working class these radicals closed off the movement to women, instead adopting a conservative rhetoric of domesticity and narrowing their notion of the working class.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/6440.html (0 words)

	The Making of the English Working Class. - book reviews Whole Earth Review - Find Articles
		One can see Luddism as a manifestation of a working class culture of greater independence and complexity than any known to the 18th century.
		The weaver had now to work longer into the night to earn less; in working longer he increased another's chances of unemployment.
		Next to the agricultural workers the largest single group of working people during the whole period of the Industrial Revolution were the domestic servants.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1510/is_n82/ai_15297524 (0 words)

	History 275 - Britain and the Making of the Modern World
		Drawing upon a selection of canonical and more recent works, we will consider how historians' views of these processes have changed, and why British history still matters now that we are told to recognize and provincialize its peculiar path to modernity.
		The class is open to all those whose own field has been shaped, historically or historiographically, by the British model of modernity.
		Edward Thompson, The Making of the English Working Class (1966):1-212, 711-832
	history.berkeley.edu /faculty/Vernon/History275 (0 words)

	International Labor and Working Class History Journal
		"The Labour of the Country Is the Wealth of the Country": Class Identity, Consciousness, and the Role of Discourse in the Making of the English Working Class
		Languages of Grievance and the Politics of Class in Germany, 1850-1914
		Work, Culture, and Identity: Migrant Laborers in Mozambique and South Africa, c.
	www.newschool.edu /gf/history/ilwch/toc49.html (0 words)

	ASA Section on Labor and Labor Movements: Call For Papers and Manuscripts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		2003 marks the fortieth anniversary of the publication of one of the classics of socialist history, Edward Thompson's The Making of the English Working Class.
		But if Thompson sought to rescue the forgotten rank and file of English working class history from the enormous condescension of posterity, does his book now itself need rescuing from those who would seek to amend, add to or challenge its contents?
		Would the same or a similar book be written in 2003 or do socialist historians now have different things to say about the past, present and future of the working class.
	www.laborstudies.wayne.edu /ASA/Postings/Papers/p101502.html (0 words)

	Working-Class Studies in the UK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Brian Jackson and Dennis Marsden, Education and the Working Class: Some General Themes Raised by a Study of 88 Working-Class Children in a Northern Industrial City, Routledge, 1962.
		Edward Thompson, The Making of the English Working Class, Gollancz, 1963
		Anna Clark, The Struggle for the Breeches: Gender and the Making of the British Working-Class, Rivers Oram, 1995.
	www.as.ysu.edu /~cwcs/WCSinUK.htm (0 words)

	Copyright 1999 Guardian Newspapers Limited (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Edward Thompson's The Making of the English Working Class (1963).
		On the contrary, working people were possessed of moral and political imaginations which they strove to advance, usually in most unpropitious times.
		They were poor and inadequately schooled, but they still thought and worked for alternatives.
	www.gseis.ucla.edu /courses/ed253a/kellner/rwdonsdelight.html (0 words)

	The New York Review of Books: THE MAKING
		It seems in The Making I "described the Industrial Revolution as a disaster" which displaced "an eighteenth-century golden age of freedom and rights"; subsequent social history has been a record of struggle to regain these lost rights.
		As I made explicitly plain at the outset, the two paragraphs which discuss his work were a summary of the "vulgarized version of [his] arguments put forward nearly thirty years ago," and not of the arguments themselves.
		Thompson is no more responsible for the misreadings of his work than I am responsible for his misreading of my review.
	www.nybooks.com /articles/3060 (0 words)

	Salon Ivory Tower \| Historians who know fact from fiction
		A good place to start is E.P. Thompson's "The Making of the English Working Class" (1963), a magisterial work that proves that "social history," written without benefit of French theory, can actually be about people.
		The breadth of Thompson's scholarship is stunning, and his narrative, about the responses of English artisans to industrialization, remains gripping for more than 900 pages of vigorous historical prose.
		Another social historian blissfully free of the mania for theorizing is Barbara Tuchman, who brilliantly reconstructs European society in the last decades before World War I in "The Proud Tower" (1966).
	archive.salon.com /it/feature/1999/01/11sidebar.html (0 words)

	Transnational Labor History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Class Fictions: Shame and Resistance in the British Working-Class Novel.
		The Intellectual Life of the British Working Classes.
		Fascism and the Working Class in Austria, 1918-1934: the Failure of Labour
	www.brown.edu /students/HGSA/Resources/readinglists/translabor2005.htm (0 words)

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