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Topic: The Manifesto of the Fascist Struggle

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	ipedia.com: Fascism Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Despite the themes of social and economic reform in the initial Fascist manifesto of June 1919, the movement came to be supported by sections of the middle class fearful of socialism and communism, while industrialists and landowners saw it as a defence against labour militancy.
		The original Fascist Manifesto contained within it a number of proposals for reforms that were also common among socialist movements and were designed to appeal to the working class though these promises were generally disregarded once the fascists took power.
		However, the fact that fascist states, on the one hand, and the USSR and the Soviet bloc, on the other, were police states does not mean that their commonality is a product of socialism.
	www.ipedia.com /fascism.html (5945 words)

	Fascist manifesto - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Fascist manifesto was the initial declaration of the political stance of the founders of Italian Fascism.
		The Manifesto thus combined elements of contemporary democratic and progressive thought (franchise reform, labour reform, limited nationalisation, taxes on wealth and war profits) with corporatist emphasis on class collaboration (the idea of social classes existing side by side and collaborating for the sake of national interests; the opposite of the Marxist notion of class struggle).
		Perhaps the greatest success of Fascist diplomacy was the Lateran Treaty of February 1929: which accepted the principle of non-interference in the affairs of the Church.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fascist_manifesto (764 words)

	Manifesto of the 1st Congress of the ICC, 1975 \| International Communist Current (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		But the workers must understand that if these struggles are unsuccessful and strictly speaking defeats on the economic plane, nonetheless, they are the condition for the decisive victory since each of them represents a step forward in the proletariat's understanding of the total bankruptcy of the system and the necessity to destroy it.
		Even if the present and future struggles of the class provide the indispensable basis for the development of this vanguard, it can only be formed and carry out its tasks if revolutionaries themselves become fully aware of their responsibilities and arm themselves with the will to be equal to those responsibilities.
		And it is precisely because the class struggle is a permanent nightmare for the bourgeoisie that it is obliged to unleash extremely sophisticated ideological campaigns and manoeuvres to prevent the proletarian giant from asserting itself on the social scene.
	en.internationalism.org /manifesto1975 (6170 words)

	t r u t h o u t - Henry A. Wallace \| The Danger of American Fascism
		A fascist is one whose lust for money or power is combined with such an intensity of intolerance toward those of other races, parties, classes, religions, cultures, regions or nations as to make him ruthless in his use of deceit or violence to attain his ends.
		The supreme god of a fascist, to which his ends are directed, may be money or power; may be a race or a class; may be a military, clique or an economic group; or may be a culture, religion, or a political party.
		With a fascist the problem is never how best to present the truth to the public but how best to use the news to deceive the public into giving the fascist and his group more money or more power.
	www.truthout.org /docs_03/082103F.shtml (1883 words)

	Manifesto of the 9th Congress of the ICC - 1991 \| International Communist Current (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Manifesto of the 9th Congress of the ICC - 1991
		It is true that during the last century, certain national struggles had just such a progressive character in opening the way to the formation of viable new territorial entities, overcoming the particularist barriers bequeathed by the feudal regime.
		This is why the proletariat's struggle against capitalist exploitation bears with it the abolition of wage labour, and so the abolition of all forms of commodity.
	en.internationalism.org /manifesto1991 (8109 words)

	Ninety Years Of The Communist Manifesto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		As a matter of fact, the authors of the Manifesto indicated quite precisely the main correction of their transitional program, namely, “the working class cannot simply lay hold of the readymade state machinery and wield it for its own purposes.” In other words, the correction was directed against the fetishism of bourgeois democracy.
		The Manifesto must therefore be amplified with the most important documents of the first four congresses of the Communist International, the essential literature of Bolshevism, and the decisions of the conferences of the Fourth International.
		The bourgeois degeneration of the Social Democracy and the fascist degeneration of the petty bourgeoisie are interlinked as cause and effect.
	www.marxists.org /archive/trotsky/works/1937/1937-90commanifesto.htm (3193 words)

	WorldNetDaily: The ideology that isn't
		Fascism is more than a synonym for evil, it is a coherent and structured political ideology and the fact that it was not perfectly implemented in its most pure fashion should confuse no one living in a modern Western democracy where the power of the people's vote is strictly hedged on every side.
		The principle elements of Fascist ideology are laid out in the Manifesto of the Fascist Struggle and are as follows:
		Furthermore, it was a woman who founded Britain's first Fascist organization and famous suffragettes such as Mary Richardson, Mary Sophia Allen and Adela Pankhurst all became leaders in Fascist organizations subsequent to their successful campaigning for women's suffrage.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/printer-friendly.asp?ARTICLE_ID=51807 (893 words)

	Ninety years of the Communist Manifesto
		As a matter of fact, the authors of the Manifesto indicated quite precisely the main correction of their transitional programme, namely, "the working class cannot simply lay hold of the ready-made state machinery and wield it for its own purposes." In other words, the correction was directed against the fetishism of bourgeois democracy.
		The Manifesto must therefore be amplified with the most important documents of the first four congresses of the Communist International, the essential literature of Bolshevism, and the decisions of the conferences of the Fourth International.
		The bourgeois degeneration of the Social Democracy and the fascist degeneration of the petty bourgeoisie are interlinked as cause and effect.
	www.internationalist.org /90years.html (3142 words)

	CPUSA Online - Class, Class Struggle, and Class Consciousness
		Constructing a new theoretical model, they persuasively argued that historical change was in large measure the outcome of the collective struggle of millions against their class oppressors rather than the result of either the whims of individuals perched at the top of the social structure or historical accidents.
		In short, the class struggle in their eyes is episodic and accidental rather than a permanent, organic, and fundamental feature of capitalist society.
		Already, the struggle for economic justice, for racial and gender equality, for immigrant rights and cross border solidarity, for a revitalized labor movement are on a higher ground.
	www.cpusa.org /article/view/131 (3944 words)

	OED Manifesto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A public declaration or proclamation, written or spoken; esp. a printed declaration, explanation, or justification of policy issued by a head of state, government, or political party or candidate, or any other individual or body of individuals of public relevance, as a school or movement in the Arts.
		Girard Life Duke Espernon I. 38 At the same time a Manifesto was publish'd by the Cardinal of Bourbon.
		Gladstone issued a manifesto in the form of an address to the electors of Midlothian.
	www.bsu.edu /web/rai/oedmanifesto.html (492 words)

	Doctrine of Fascism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A key concept of the Mussolini essay was that fascism was a rejection of previous models: "Granted that the XIXth century was the century of socialism, liberalism, democracy, this does not mean that the XXth century must also be the century of socialism, liberalism, democracy.
		Thus understood, Fascism is totalitarian, and the Fascist State—a synthesis and a unit inclusive of all values—interprets, develops, and potentiates the whole life of a people.
		It thus repudiates the doctrine of Pacifism -- born of a renunciation of the struggle and an act of cowardice in the face of sacrifice.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Doctrine_of_Fascism (1178 words)

	OurManifesto: No One Is Illegal! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		This was a proto fascistic organization which was formed in 1901 specifically around the demand for controls, which organized major demonstrations in London's East End and which can legitimately be viewed as the main force behind the legislation.
		Fascist front organizations such as the British Immigration Control Association subsequently continued the agitation until legislation was enacted.
		This, together with the fascist origins of such laws, renders problematic the notion of "reform", as opposed to abolition, of immigration controls.
	noii.trick.ca /OurManifesto (4521 words)

	Manifesto Against Islamist Totalitarianism » Outside The Beltway \| OTB
		Indeed, it is no coincidence that the manifesto avoids referring to “Socialism” (and even “Communism”) among the scourges of the past century and prefers to speak of “Nazism” and Stalinism” instead.
		Similarly, the authors of the Manifesto make clear that their quarrel is not with Islam or religion per se but with the radical Islamist-Jihadist variant.
		It was the French Revolution that jeopardized this tradition and that became the root of collectivism, with its socialist, fascist, national-socialist and communist excesses.
	www.outsidethebeltway.com /archives/2006/03/anti-islamist_manifesto (1890 words)

	The Euston Manifesto - Home
		This manifesto is the closest articulation yet of what democracy is supposed to be, and is a refreshing reminder of what we all should try to live by.
		The Euston Manifesto is the type of document that is needed to establish that one cannot pick and chose at political convenience to justify one’s rule “in the name of the people” as Chavez or Mugabe do, to name the two crassest examples.
		George Eaton - The manifesto is the only broad source that both damns the moral double standards and cultural relativism of the far left and reaffirms the value of the true principles of the progressive left; universal human rights, solidarity, internationalism and democracy.
	eustonmanifesto.org /joomla/signers.php (17406 words)

	Wolfe's Lodge - Friends - Extremist Manifesto
		Liberal fascists arrogate the right to forcibly substitute their judgment for yours, to forcibly prevent you from making your own choices.
		From the point of view of the liberal fascist, an extremist is someone who objects to having his life controlled, whether by a single self-appointed tyrant or by the dictates of an entire elected mob.
		And the struggle is not one of political party vs political party.
	billstclair.com /lodge/F_ExtreManifesto.shtml (1976 words)

	IWW report on May days in Barcelona
		One of the symptoms of this struggle was the conflict that broke out between the communist minister of agriculture (of the Valencia government) and the farm workers' collective, formed by the C.N.T. and the U.G.T., in the orange plantations of the Valencia region.
		At the time when elsewhere the fascist element was consistently excluded from police functions, in Catalonia recognized fascists are allowed to remain at their posts, on the police force, because the Minister, in agreement with certain chiefs and officers, is opposed to all modifications.
		The two organizations know that while the struggle in common of all the antifascists against the common enemy is on, that aim cannot be realized by competition or by violent rivalry, but it has to come as the fruit of the creative policy of an intelligent, methodical, social and cultural formation.
	www.struggle.ws /spain/iww/maydays.html (6004 words)

	The Voice of the Turtle
		Our struggles aim at taking back control of the means of production from the hands of both transnational and national capital, in order to create free, sustainable and community-controlled livelihoods, based on solidarity and peoples' needs and not on exploitation and greed.
		Similarly, it is vital that those struggling against global capital understand and confront the exploitation and marginalisation of women and participate in the struggle against homophobia.
		Waging struggles against the global capitalist paradigm, the underprivileged work towards the regeneration of their natural heritage and the rebuilding of integrated, egalitarian communities.
	www.voiceoftheturtle.org /library/pga_manifesto.php (5911 words)

	Oliver Tambo and the Struggle Against Apartheid
		You and your people have shown in your sustained struggle the capacity to bear pain, privation and face the onslaughts, daily, inspite of the fallen around you, inspite of the children howling from their derangement through seeing the torture of their parents.
		It is a struggle for national liberation, but it is also a struggle to rid the country of racism, to found a truly free and democratic South Africa in which all will have an equal right to live and work.
		In the long hard years of struggle the ANC has grown to become a mature organisation, rich in experience, firmly dedicated to the principles of non-racism, and determined to build a new country, in which all will play their part and the welfare of all will be of equal concern.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/or/struggle.html (19135 words)

	Flunking Fascism 101
		The Manifesto of the Fascist Struggle is not so well-known as the Communist Manifesto - and deservedly so, being markedly lacking in memorable phrases such as "a spectre haunting Europe" - and is not even as well-known as the Munich Manifesto of Germany's National Socialists.
		In fact, one can seldom find a direct translation of the Fascist manifesto, as it is usually summarized quickly before being swept aside in favor of contorted explanations of how its socialist theoreticians, including Panunzio, Gentile and Mussolini himself, are actually right-wing extremists influenced by the Catholic Church.
		It is fortuitous, then, that I happen to speak Italian, and so I present herein an original translation of The Manifesto of the Fascist Struggle, published in The People of Italy on June 6, 1919.
	www.voxday.net /archive/2004/062804.html (739 words)

	Trotsky and the struggle against fascism
		The regime of Primo de Rivera was not a fascist dictatorship because it did not base itself upon the reaction of the petty-bourgeois masses.
		That is why all fascist regimes eventually turn against the very class on the backs of which they came to power.
		In Greece the colonels' coup in 1967 led to a military dictatorship, not a fascist regime, and because the working class had not been atomised within seven years that regime was overthrown by the mass movement of the workers and youth.
	www.trotsky.net /trotsky_year/fascism.html (4727 words)

	The anti-fascist camp in the Spanish revolution
		The former drew up a manifesto, receiving 30 signatures (they were called the "Trente" and their tendency was called "Trentisme").
		In the manifesto they denounced the superficial analysis, the simplistic and catastrophic conception of revolution, the cult of violence for its own sake, which seemed to them to be characteristic of the militants of the FAI[*1].
		The activists and the unions which rallied to the manifesto of the thirty were expelled from the Confederation and constituted the "unions of opposition".
	flag.blackened.net /revolt/spain/FODtrans/part1_antifa_camp.html (1922 words)

	Class Struggle: Full Citizenship Rights for All Immigrants!
		Ever since The Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels a century and a half ago, Marxists have held that “the workers have no fatherland.” But amnesty accepts the “right” of the capitalist rulers to police their borders.
		The bourgeoisie is waging a war not only against Iraq and Afghanistan but also against working people, minorities, immigrants and the poor in the U.S. The rulers are systematically curtailing civil liberties while they drive down wages, slash social programs, shove the cost of health care onto workers and gut their pensions.
		It is necessary to explain that the struggle against plans to criminalize, jail and deport immigrants must be linked to a fight to defeat the U.S. imperialist war in the Near East and the capitalist war on working people, minorities and the poor in the United States.
	www.class-struggle.com /2006/04/full-citizenship-rights-for-all.html (3994 words)

	Manifesto of Libertarian Communism \| libcom.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The 'Manifesto of Libertarian Communism' was written in 1953 by Georges Fontenis for the Federation Communiste Libertaire of France.
		The Manifesto continued the arguments for effective libertarian Organisation and ideological and tactical unity, based on the class struggle.
		Like the 'Platform' the 'Manifesto' is marred by a number of errors, with the 'Platform it was the idea of the 'executive committee', with the 'Manifesto' it was the idea of the 'vanguard'.
	libcom.org /library/manifesto-of-libertarian-communism-georges-fontenis (724 words)

	Manifesto - Cinema Art 1980 - Al Razutis
		XAR - 2004: This March 1980 manifesto was published by mail by Al Razutis after the Mont St. Marie conference of 'national co-ops' and 'groups' called by Francoyse Picard (Film and Media Arts Officer) and hosted by the Canada Council.
		It is historically relevant (as background) to the Cineworks history 'A Personal History' by Peg Campbell as well as the histories of Association of Canadian Film Artists (ACFA) and the personal XAR history of Opsis and Film Studies at SFU.
		The artist is a part of a heterogeneous (and disorganized) 'class', engaged (as it were) in a struggle with highly organized and self-serving institutions and bureaucracies (i.e., galleries, funding organizations, distributors and exhibitors, and cine-propagandists-publishers).
	www.holonet.khm.de /visual_alchemy/sfu-orgs/manifesto_cinema_art1980.html (2768 words)

	An Ecosocialist Manifesto ::: International Endowment for Democracy
		The idea for this ecosocialist manifesto was jointly launched by Joel Kovel and Michael Lowy, at a September, 2001, workshop on ecology and socialism held at Vincennes, near Paris.
		We all suffer from a chronic case of Gramsci's paradox, of living in a time whose old order is dying (and taking civilization with it) while the new one does not seem able to be born.
		This manifesto nevertheless lacks the audacity of that of 1848, for ecosocialism is not yet a spectre, nor is it grounded in any concrete party or movement.
	www.iefd.org /manifestos/ecosocialist_manifesto.php (1965 words)

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