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Topic: Muqaddimah

	Ibn Khaldun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1375, sent by Abū Hammu, the ʕAbdu l Wadid Sultan of Tlemcen, on a mission to the Dawadida tribes, Ibn Khaldūn sought refuge with one of the Berber tribes, the Awlad Arif of central Algeria, in the town of Qalat Ibn Salama.
		For sociology it is interesting that he conceived both a central social conflict ("town" versus "desert") as well as a theory (using the concept of a "generation") of the necessary loss of power of city conquerors coming from the desert.
		Following a contemporary Arab scholar, Sati' al-Husri, it can be suggested that the Muqaddimah is essentially a sociological work, sketching over its six books a general sociology; a sociology of politics; a sociology of urban life; a sociology of economics; and a sociology of knowledge.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ibn_Khaldun (3826 words)

	Philosophers : Ibn Khaldun
		This volume, commonly known as Muqaddimah or 'Prolegomena', was based on Ibn Khaldun's unique approach and original contribution and became a masterpiece in literature on philosophy of history and sociology.
		The chief concern of this monumental work was to identify psychological, economic, environmental and social facts that contribute to the advancement of human civilization and the currents of history.
		Gum Ploughs and Kolosio consider Muqaddimah as superior in scholarship to Machiavelli's The Prince written a century later, as the forrner bases the diagnosis more on cultural, sociological, economic and psychological factors.
	www.trincoll.edu /depts/phil/philo/phils/muslim/khaldun.html (535 words)

	EH.Net Encyclopedia: Islamic Economics: What It Is and How It Developed
		The Muqaddimah is the result of this desire.
		The Muqaddimah was translated into English in three volumes by Franz Rosenthal.
		Selections from the Muqaddimah by Charles Issawi were published in 1950 under the title, An Arab Philosophy of History: Selections from the Prolegomena of Ibn Khaldun of Tunis (1332-1406).
	www.eh.net /encyclopedia/article/chapra.islamic (8866 words)

	Walking Holidays in Andalucia - Books - Ibn Khaldun - The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History
		The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History - (Bollingen S.) Ibn Khaldun, N.J. Dawood (Editor), Bruce B. Lawrence (Introduction), Franz Rosenthal (Translator) “He is indeed the one outstanding personality in the history of a civilization whose social life on the whole was 'solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short'.
		It was his single brief 'acquiescence' from a life of practical activity that gave Ibn Khaldun his opportunity to cast his creative thought into literary shape.
		The Muqaddimah, often translated as "Introduction" or "Prolegomenon," is the most important Islamic history of the premodern world.
	www.walking-holidays-andalucia.com /pages/books/the-muqaddimah-an-introduction-to-history.html (787 words)

	The Textual History of the Muqad
		This is the draft of the Muqaddimah of the Kitab al-'Ibar ft akhbar al'Arab wa-l-'Ajam wa-l-Barbar.
		A work such as the Muqaddimah, modern in thought yet alien in language and style, may be presented to the modern reader in one of three ways.
		The Muqaddimah was composed nearly at the end of the intellectual development of medieval Islam, and the work covers practically all its aspects.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ik/Muqaddimah/TransIntro/TexualHistory.htm (8719 words)

	Ibn Khaldun
		He enjoys universal fame in modern times as an original thinker, and is held to be the precursor or founder of a number of the human sciences, including the philosophy of history, sociology, psychology, politics, geography, anthropology, and economics.
		Conceived as an introduction to his Universal History, it is considered today to be one of the primary works in the history of human social thought in general and one of six important monographs in sociology in particular.
		To all later ages, Muqaddimah was the title almost universally used (Rosenthal, 1958).
	www.build-a-webpage.com /society/aziz6 (955 words)

	AlShindagah Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Al Muqaddimah was the introduction to Ibn Khaldun’s book of universal history, which he called Kitab Al Ibar.
		The greatness of the Al Muqaddimah was based on the fact that it was the first-ever analytical survey of historical processes.
		Although the Al Muqaddimah alone is regarded as Ibn Khaldun’s most important work, the volumes of the main book Kitab Al-Ibar were insightful and masterfully presented.
	www.alshindagah.com /marapr2003/ibn.html (1575 words)

	The Genius of Ibn Khaldun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Muqaddimah is a monumental work in the history of Islamic Science.
		In addition to Muqaddimah, the other volumes of his universal history Kitab al-I'bar deals with the history of Arabs, contemporary Muslim and European rulers, ancient histories of the Jews, Greeks, Romans, Persians, etc. The last volume of the book Al-Tasrif deals largely with the events of his life.
		It is interesting to note that Ibn Khaldun states that not only are cities dependent on the villages for their survival but the villages are also dependent on the cities or else there would be no consumption.
	www.rit.edu /~maa2454/ibn_khaldun.htm (1196 words)

	Quest for Human Dignity, a part of correspondence with Wm. F. Buckley Jr.
		Ibn Khaldûn, The Muqaddimah [1377 A.D.] III.31 In the Muslim community, the holy war [Jihad] is a religious duty, because of the universalism of the Muslim mission and the obligation to convert everybody to Islam either by persuasion or by force.
		..the Hijâz, the mainspring of the Arabs and Islam [Khaldûn, The Muqaddimah, I.3.30].
		In the Muslim community, the holy war is a religious duty, because of the universalism of the Muslim mission and the obligation to convert everybody to Islam either by persuasion or by force.
	www.maravot.com /Quest_for_Human_Dignity2.html (20438 words)

	Ibn Khaldun (www.islaam.org.uk)
		Abd al-Rahman Ibn Mohammad, generally known as Ibn Khaldun after a remote ancestor, was born in Tunis in 732 A.H. (1332 C.E.) to an upper class family that had migrated from Seville in Muslim Spain.
		It was in Qalat he wrote Muqaddimah, the first volume of his world history that won him an immortal place among historians, sociologists and philosophers.
		The Muqaddimah was already recognized as an important work during the lifetime of Ibn Khaldun.
	www.sunnahonline.com /ilm/seerah/0033.htm (2356 words)

	Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) : Library of Congress Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		English Title: The Muqaddimah; an introduction to history, translated from the Arabic by Franz Rosenthal.
		English Title: The Muqaddimah : an introduction to history / Ibn Khaldcun ; translated from the Arabic by Franz Rosenthal.
		Muqaddimah Notes: The heading represents the manuscript as a physical entity, including binding, decoration, etc.; for editions of the text, use: Ibn Khaldun, 1332-1406.
	www.mala.bc.ca /~mcneil/cit/citlckhaldun1.htm (1074 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : The Scholar From Algeria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		But when he was discovered, European scholars were surprised to find how much that they considered to be modern discoveries of the West had been foreshadowed in the work of the medieval Arab.
		At the age of 50 he went to Egypt, never to return to the Maghreb.Cairo was enjoying a period of prosperity and cultural brilliance under Mameluke rule.
		And in the Muqaddimah he viewed man's past and present for the first time in a scientific way, examining the causes of history rather than merely the ends.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/196605/the.scholar.from.algeria.htm (1702 words)

	Ibn Khaldun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		He is best known for his Muqaddimah (Muqaddimah: the muqaddimah records an early muslim view of universal history....
		It is divided into seven books, the first of which, the Muqaddimah (Muqaddimah: the muqaddimah records an early muslim view of universal history....
		For sociology (sociology: The study and classification of human societies) it is interesting that he conceived both a central social conflict ("town" versus "desert") as well as a theory (using the concept of a "generation") of the necessary loss of power of city conquerors coming from the desert.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/ibn_khaldun (2862 words)

	The Islamic World to 1600: The Arts, Learning, and Knowledge (Ibn Khaldun) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Ibn Khaldun's most famous book is the Muqaddimah ("Introduction"), which he wrote as the first volume of an intended multi-volume world history.
		In the Muqaddimah, Ibn Khaldun set out his philosophy of history, and his views on how historical material should be analysed and presented.
		He concluded that civilisations rise and fall, in a cycle, as a result of psychological, economic, environmental, social, as well as political factors.
	www.ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/islam/learning/khaldun.html (364 words)

	References
		Sylvie Kennedy has written an eponymous mocking and vaguely patronizing book, based on her travels to Morocco around the time of the Gulf War.
		Ibn Khaldûn, The Muqaddimah, An Introduction to History, Trans.
		To focus only on Runnymede and the subsequent English parliamentary tradition in this regard would be guilty of two mistakes, one of fact and the other of perspective.
	www.grandpoohbah.net /Grandpoohbah/morrefs.htm (447 words)

	Amazon.com: The Muqaddimah: Books: Ibn Khaldun,N. J. Dawood,Bruce Lawrence,Franz Rosenthal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		'Muqaddimah' means 'introduction'; this was ibn Khaldun's introduction to his volumes of world history.
		In addition to groundbreaking and still-relevant sociological ideas, his muqaddimah is filled with major contributions to political science as well.
		Obviously, I HIGHLY recommend the Muqaddimah to anyone with an interest in political science, anthropology, sociology, or history.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0691017549?v=glance (2259 words)

	Arab Civilization - Literature 2
		A native of Tunisia, a government official at the Arab courts of Granada, Morocco and Algeria, Ibn Khaldun became the chief justice of the Mamluk sultans of Egypt.
		While before Ibn Khaldun, historiography was concerned mainly with rulers, battles and straightforward accounts of main events, the great Arab thinker was the first to recognize that events did not happen in vacuum but depended upon an endless variety of factors previously neglected by historians, such as climate, social customs, food, superstitions and so on.
		Thus, in his Muqaddimah, he deals extensively with subjects such as the nature of society and occupation, labor conditions, climate and methods of education.
	www.freearabvoice.org /acLiterature_2.html (402 words)

	Islamic Medical Manuscripts, Medical Therapeutics 3
		After completing the treatise, Khurāsānī subsequently added an introductory essay (muqaddimah) composed of 16 chapters (babs) concerned with the preservation of health and hygiene.
		This copy lacks the introduction (muqaddimah) added to the treatise later by the author.
		The opening of the introductory essay (muqaddimah) to Dastūr al-‘ilāj (The Rule Book for Therapy) which was composed in Samarqand over a number of years beginning in 1526-7/933 by Sul
	www.nlm.nih.gov /hmd/arabic/ther3.html (811 words)

	Breaking the law
		He was a product of the Islamic world at a time when it was the center of science and learning and Christian Europe was yet to emerge from the Dark Ages.
		The Muqaddimah, from which the quote is taken, is the introductory volume ("muqaddimah" actually means "prologue") of the multi-volume history on which Ibn Khaldûn’s fame rests.
		In the Muqaddimah, he explains the analytical method he uses for his "new science" of history.
	www.paulhager.org /why025.htm (1643 words)

	Ibn Khaldun and Comte: Discontinuity or Progress
		The central piece of Ibn Khaldun's work is The Muqaddimah, which was completed in 1377.
		In this text he develops a theory of what he calls 'ilm al-umran', which could be translated as the study of social organization or civilization[1] or as the science of human association/the science of culture[2].
		Method or Experience: A considerable part of the Muqaddimah shows Ibn Khaldun's distrust regarding oral reports – in his view they are probably distorted either by lack of facts or through the interests of the reporter.
	userpage.fu-berlin.de /~frers/ibn_khaldun.html (1861 words)

	Ibn Khaldun
		It was there had he had his famous encounter with their leader, Tamerlane.
		Ibn Khaldun is best known for his monumental Muqaddimah (1377), the first volume and "prolegomena" to what eventually became his seven-volume historical treatise.
		A good part of the Muqaddimah is dedicated to advising princes how to avoid such an outcome.
	cepa.newschool.edu /~het/profiles/khaldun.htm (1098 words)

	14th-century Muslim sage has much to teach us (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Ibn Khaldun is empirical and critical in his use of evidence, doctrinally dispassionate and rational in his attempts to account for historical change.
		In the Muqaddimah (1377), Ibn Khaldun presented a complex philosophy of history that still merits serious consideration.
		The Muqaddimah is the product of a cosmopolitan, humanistic civilisation - the antithesis of the reactionary, theocratic fundamentalism of some present-day Islamic states.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/556663/posts (2306 words)

	OSU Department of History
		Students are expected to attend regularly and participate in class discussions, which will account for 5% of their grade.
		Explain the basic elements of Ibn Khaldun's theories of history as presented in his work, The Muqaddimah, and then critique his theory.
		This is a demanding work by a brilliant man. You must read and reflect carefully as you read, and compare various sections of the work to see that Khaldun is precise and logically consistent.
	history.osu.edu /courses/syllabi/syllabus.cfm?SYL=hist54002.htm (590 words)

	USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts
		643), commonly known as Muqaddimah Ibn al-Salah, compiled while he taught in the Dar al-Hadith of several cities in Syria.
		An abridgement of Muqaddimah, Al-Irshad by al- Nawawi (d.
		Alfiyyah al-Hadith of al-'Iraqi, a rewriting of Muqaddimah in the form of a lengthy poem, which became the subject of several commentaries, including two (one long, one short) by the author himself, Fath al-Mughith of al-Sakhawi (d.
	www.usc.edu /dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/scienceofhadith/asa1.html (456 words)

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