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Topic: The Origins of Totalitarianism

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	Totalitarianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Totalitarianism is a typology employed by political scientists to describe modern regimes in which the state regulates nearly every aspect of public and private behavior.
		Totalitarian regimes mobilize entire populations in support of the state and a political ideology, and do not tolerate activities by individuals or groups such as labor unions, churches and political parties that are not directed toward the state's goals.
		Such regimes had initial origins in the chaos that followed in the wake of the World War I, at which point the sophistication of modern weapons and communications enabled totalitarian movements to consolidate power in Italy, Germany, and Russia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Totalitarianism (790 words)

	excerpts from The Origins of Totalitarianism
		Totalitarian propaganda raised ideological scientificality and its technique of making statements in the form of predictions to a height of efficiency of method and absurdity of content because, demagogically speaking, there is hardly a better way to avoid discussion than by releasing an argu-.
		Since the totalitarian ruler conducts his policies on the assumption of an eventual world government, he treats the victims of his aggression as though they were rebels, guilty of high treason, and consequently prefers to rule occupied territories with police, and not with military forces.
		In the first stages of a totalitarian regime, however, the secret police and the party's elite formations still play a role similar to that in other forms of dictatorship and the well-known terror regimes of the past; and the excessive cruelty of their methods is unparalleled only in the history of modern Western countries.
	www.nickcooper.com /origins.htm (7074 words)

	Hannah Arendt [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		In 1951, The Origins of Totalitarianism was published, after which she began the first in a sequence of visiting fellowships and professorial positions at American universities and she attained American citizenship.
		Accordingly the amenability of European populations to totalitarian ideas was the consequence of a series of pathologies that had eroded the public or political realm as a space of liberty and freedom.
		The rise of totalitarianism was thus to be understood in light of the accumulation of pathologies that had undermined the conditions of possibility for a viable public life that could unite citizens, while simultaneously preserving their liberty and uniqueness (a condition that Arendt referred to as 'plurality').
	www.iep.utm.edu /a/arendt.htm (7110 words)

	The Hannah Arendt Papers: Totalitarianism: The Inversion of Politics - Part 1
		She knew, of course, that those origins differed substantially in the two countries and later, in different writings, would undertake to right the imbalance in her earlier discussion (see "Project: Totalitarian Elements in Marxism").
		The enormous complexity of The Origins of Totalitarianism arises from its interweaving of an understanding of the concept of totalitarianism with the description of its emergence and embodiment in Nazism and Stalinism.
		The scope of Arendt's conceptual objectives may be glimpsed in the plan she drew up for six lectures on the nature of totalitarianism delivered at the New School for Social Research in March and April of 1953 (see "The Great Tradition and the Nature of Totalitarianism").
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/arendthtml/essayb1.html (310 words)

	The Origins of Totalitarianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Origins of Totalitarianism is a book by Hannah Arendt, dedicated to her husband Heinrich Blücher.
		It book continues to be the definitive philosophical analysis of Totalitarianism, at least in its 20th century guise.
		The book begins with the rise of Anti-Semitism in Central and Western Europe in the early and mid 19th century and continues with an examination of European colonial imperialism from 1884 to the outbreak of World War I.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_Origins_of_Totalitarianism (236 words)

	totalitarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Totalitarian regimes use terror to fragment people - to make it impossible to trust the person next to you, since he or she might be an informant for the secret police.
		Totalitarianism gains it's power, to some degree, by claiming to represent justice on earth, in a way that no normal law could ever do.
		She says that totalitarian regimes are only possible under the conditions of modern production, where 'homo faber' (man as maker, creator, fabricator) is replaced by 'animal laborans' (the laboring animal) - that is, under the conditions of modern production.
	www.sociology.ohio-state.edu /classes/Soc488/Moody/class_notes/totalitarianism.htm (3228 words)

	Encyclopedia: The Origins of Totalitarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Jump to: navigation, search Totalitarianism is a typology employed by political scientists to describe modern regimes in which the state regulates nearly every aspect of public and private behavior.
		The concept of Totalitarianism is a typology or ideal-type used by some political scientists to encapsulate the characteristics of a number of twentieth century regimes that mobilized entire populations in support of the state or an ideology.
		Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/The-Origins-of-Totalitarianism (777 words)

	Operation Clambake present: Scientology and Totalitarianism - a Senior Thesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Another basic tenet of totalitarianism is the belief that "the world is divided into two hostile camps, one of which is the movement, and that movement can and must fight the whole world." Scientology also fulfills this description.
		Totalitarianism, rather than representing the will to dominate others, is about the destruction of alternate viewpoints and the homogenization of thought as a continual process.
		The momentum of totalitarian domination aspires to be unlimited as it spreads around the globe, as exemplified by Scientology's desire to "clear the planet." The momentum also arises in the enemy status of psychiatry declared by Scientology.
	www.clambake.org /archive/thesis/thesis7.html (3823 words)

	Origins of Totalitarianism
		Excerpts from The Origins of Totalitarianism, by Hannah Arendt
		Any neutrality, indeed any spontaneously given friendship, is from the standpoint of totalitarian domination just as dangerous as open hostility, precisely because spontaneity as such, with its incalculability, is the greatest of all obstacles to total domination over man..
		Totalitarianism strives not toward despotic rule over men, but toward a system in which men are superfluous.
	pages.prodigy.net /mschnall/arendt.html (734 words)

	totalitarianism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		A totalitarian government seeks to control not only all economic and political matters but the attitudes, values, and beliefs of its population, erasing the distinction between state and society.
		Despite the many differences among totalitarian states, they have several characteristics in common, of which the two most important are: the existence of an ideology that addresses all aspects of life and outlines means to attain the final goal, and a single mass party through which the people are mobilized to muster energy and support.
		In both, those in authority have a monopoly on the use of the nation’s military power and on certain forms of mass communication; and the suppression of dissent, especially during times of crisis, often occurs in democracies as well.
	www.bartleby.com /65/to/totalita.html (554 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The Origins of Totalitarianism, by Hannah Arendt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		...And The Origins of Totalitarianism must be placed on that small shelf of truly seminal works whose very errors, exaggerations, and over-systematizations so often turn out, in the unpredictable history of ideas, to be liberating and fructifying for thought...
		...The Origins of Totalitarianism shows the decisive importance of a belief, on the part of mob and elite alike, that there is a conspiratorial, numerically small power which rules History-the Jews in the case of the Nazis, "Wall Street" today in the case of the Bolsheviks...
		...She writes: 'Those who rightly understand the terrible efficiency of totalitarian organization and police are likely to overestimate the material force of totalitarian countries, while those who understand the wasteful incompetence of totalitarian economics are likely to underestimate the power potential which can be created in disregard of all material factors...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V11I4P96-1.htm (3689 words)

	Operation Clambake present: Scientology and Totalitarianism - a Senior Thesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Totalitarianism’s desire for power is not so much about individual power as it is about the power of a uniform group to spread an embodied ideology.
		In Origins of Totalitarianism, Hannah Arendt argues that totalitarianism is directly correlated with imperialism.
		She writes that the totalitarian regime could not be possible without the imperialist, expansionist mentality of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
	www.xenu.net /archive/thesis/thesis3.html (2205 words)

	Totalitarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hannah Arendt's The Origins of Totalitarianism, written shortly after WWII, examines Hitler's Germany and Stalin's Russia and outlines some of the primary characteristics of totalitarianism.
		Totalitarianism is neither Communism nor fascism nor National Socialism, but it has appeared in all of these forms.
		Totalitarianism is like a specter which drinks the blood of the living and so achieves reality, while the victims go on existing as a mass of living corpses.
	www.whitecloud.com /totalitarianism.htm (1587 words)

	Social Research: The Origins of Totalitarianism: not history, but politics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		But let me remind you that in her preface to The Origins of Totalitarianism, she already indicated that this is the way in which she wanted the book to be read.
		Or again, she asserts that the notorious forgery, "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion," served the Nazis "as a textbook for global conquest." The Origins of Totalitarianism defies any simple attempt to state a key thesis or argument, and it is difficult to find coherence among its various parts.
		Arendt admitted that the title itself is misleading insofar it suggests that she was primarily concerned with discovering the key historical causes of totalitarianism.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2267/is_2_69/ai_90439537 (1284 words)

	Cold War origins of totalitarianism in North America and Western Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Totalitarianism is a "system of government and ideology in which all social, political, economic, intellectual, cultural, and spiritual activities are subordinated to the purposes of the rulers of a state."
		Totalitarianism was not actually a reality until the modern age; dependance on the State replaces the self-sufficiency of a free society.
		The waning of the twentieth century totalitarian order, which had been rooted in a duality of super-powers called "the cold war", may be linked to the failures of both Bohr and Einstein to resolve the paradoxes troubling their theories.
	www.heaven-words.com /11.htm (14260 words)

	The Origins of Totalitarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Over half a century after its original publication, "The Origins of Totalitarianism" is still the most important treatise on totalitarianism in government.
		Totalitarian solutions may well survive the fall of totalitarian regimes in the form of strong temptations which will come up whenever it seems impossible to alleviate political, social, or economic misery in a manner worthy of man." lt;br /gt; lt;br /gt;So where do we go from here?
		Although the book is brilliantly written, it is clear from the onset that Arendt is arguing backwards, taking the finished form of the Soviet and Nazi Germany regimes, in order propogate her own theory on how totalitarianism managed to crystalize within these two vastly different societies.
	www.history-asia.com /The_Origins_of_Totalitarianism_0156701537.html (698 words)

	Totalitarianism
		After that I intend to devote several classes to the detailed study of the structural characteristics of a totalitarian society: the political system, the state economy, the relations between the state and society and the totalitarian culture.
		My analysis of a totalitarian society will be built upon the comparison between two typical totalitarian societies: the Soviet Union and the fascist Germany.
		Totalitarian dictatorship and autocracy, (Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1965); Chapters: Dictator and Party, The totalitarian Ideology, Propaganda and Terror, pp.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /~russia/teach/docs/cheikhetov1.html (1475 words)

	Social Research- Volume 68 No. 2 - Numbers
		Origins was first published in 1951 and that same year Arendt submitted a proposal to the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation for a book that she described as follows:
		Origins was invoked by some as a weapon in the ideological war against communism, which only made Arendt more intent to show that Marx himself bore little responsibility for the way his thought was “used” in Bolshevism.
		Lefort thinks that Arendt’s emphasis on the momentum of totalitarian regimes obscures “the permanency of the structure and the spirit of the Party,” especially in the Soviet version of totalitarianism.
	www.socres.org /vol69/abstr692.htm (2182 words)

	Courses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Totalitarianism: The Inner History of the Cold War, 1997.
		Totalitarianism and the Modern Conception in Politics, 2000.
		Totalitarian Language: Orwell's Newspeak and its Nazi and Communist Antecedents, 1992.
	bss.sfsu.edu /sguo/totalitarianism_green.htm (188 words)

	Amazon.com: The Origins of Totalitarianism: Books: Hannah Arendt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Generally regarded as the definitive work on totalitarianism, this book is an essential component of any study of twentieth-century political movements.
		If you have a couple of months to spare and an interest not only in the Totalitarian regimes in the former Soviet Union and Germany, but also a desire to learn about antisemitism and imperialism then this is the book for you.
		Hannah Arendt's _The Origins of Totalitarianism_ is a book that takes a hard look at two rival totalitarian movements in the twentieth century, Soviet Communism and Nazism, and traces their historical roots.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0156701537?v=glance (2235 words)

	Social Research- Volume 69 No. 2
		The most serious gap in The Origins of Totalitarianism is the lack of an adequate historical and conceptual analysis of the ideological background of Bolshevism.
		All other elements that eventually crystallized into the totalitarian movements and forms of government can be traced back into subterranean currents in Western history, emerging only when and where the traditional social and political framework of European nations had broken down.
		Her books include The Origins of Totalitarianism (1968), The Human Condition (1958), On Revolution (1963), Eichmann in Jerusalem (1964), Between Past and Future (1968), Men in Dark Times (1968), and The Life of the Mind (1975).
	www.socres.org /vol69/issue692.htm (1272 words)

	Excerpts from Origins of Totalitarianism : Houston Indymedia
		The task of the totalitarian police is not to discover crimes, but to be on hand when the government decides to arrest a certain category of
		Unless otherwise stated by the author, all content is free for non-commercial reuse, reprint, and rebroadcast, on the net and elsewhere.
		Opinions are those of the contributors and are not necessarily endorsed by the Houston Independent Media Center.
	houston.indymedia.org /news/2002/11/5235.php (4899 words)

	Totalitarianism Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Looking For totalitarianism - Find totalitarianism and more at Lycos Search.
		Referring to an 'all-embracing, total state,' the label has been applied to a wide variety of regimes and orders of rule; during the period of the Cold War it gained renewed currency, especially following the publication of Hannah Arendt's The Origins of Totalitarianism (1951).
		In her 1979 essay for Commentary, "Dictatorships and Double Standards" (later expanded upon), Jeane Kirkpatrick argued that a number of foreign policy implications can be drawn by distinguishing "totalitarian" regimes from "authoritarian" ones.
	popularityguide.com /encyclopedia/Totalitarianism (976 words)

	Totalitarianism and Transformation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Totalitarianism and Transformation is designed as a seminar for students with some preparation in comparative or international politics.
		to acquire an appreciation for the mechanisms and the effects of totalitarianism
		The power available to us through that inheritance lies not only in understanding the terms of the will by which it was left to us, but also in how we become able to think about it, and what we do with it in the present.
	www.earlham.edu /~pols/syllab53.htm (407 words)

	Operation Clambake present: Scientology and Totalitarianism - a Senior Thesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Although Arendt focused on two distinct totalitarian movements of her time, Nazi Germany and Stalinist Russia, she also stressed that there are numerous ways in which totalitarian movements can appear in the future
		It is indeed a mistake to assume that Arendt’s examples are somehow exact models of what totalitarianism looks like, for the nature of totalitarianism requires itself to change and mutate in order to proliferate in various societies.
		As Arendt asserts, we must be continually aware of totalitarian tendencies in our lives, lest we not recognize totalitarian ideologies as they exist around us.
	www.xenu.net /archive/thesis (899 words)

	Social Research: The Origins of Totalitarianism: not history, but politics.@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Social Research: The Origins of Totalitarianism: not history, but politics.@ HighBeam Research
		The Origins of Totalitarianism: not history, but politics.
		DURING the summer of 1950, when Hannah Arendt was on vacation, she was reading proofs for The Origins of Totalitarianism.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:90439537&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (229 words)

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