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Topic: The Philippine Constitution

In the News (Thu 23 May 13)

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	Constitution of the Philippines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Constitution of the Philippines (Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas in Filipino) is the supreme law of the Philippines.
		The 1935 Constitution was written in 1934, approved and adopted by the Commonwealth of the Philippines (1935-1946) and later used by the Third Republic of the Philippines (1946-1972).
		A Constitutional Convention was held in 1971 to rewrite the 1935 Constitution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines (1014 words)

	Philippine Constitution
		The Philippines renounces war as an instrument of national policy, adopts the generally accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the land and adheres to the policy of peace, equality, justice, freedom, cooperation, and amity with all nations.
		Amendments to this Constitution may likewise be directly proposed by the people through initiative upon a petition of at least twelve per centum of the total number of registered voters, of which every legislative district must be represented by at least three per centum of the registered votes therein.
		The legal effect of the lapse, before the ratification of this Constitution, of the applicable period for the decision or resolution of the cases or matters submitted for adjudication by the courts, shall be determined by the Supreme Court as soon as practicable.
	www.emailpinoy.com /educational/constitution.shtml (17741 words)

	Supreme Court E-Library: Laws (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines not otherwise disqualified by law, who are at least eighteen years of age, and who shall have resided in the Philippines for at least one year and in the place wherein they propose to vote for at least six months immediately preceding the election.
		A state of martial law does not suspend the operation of the Constitution, nor supplant the functioning of the civil courts or the legislative assemblies, nor authorize the conferment of jurisdiction on military courts and agencies over civilians where civil courts are able to function, nor automatically suspend the privilege of the writ.
		The Ombudsman and his Deputies shall be natural-born citizens of the Philippines, and at the time of their appointment, at least forty years old, of recognized probity and independence, and members of the Philippine Bar, and must not have been candidates for any elective office in the immediately preceding election.
	elibrary.supremecourt.gov.ph /elibrary/HTML/ContentsLaws/1987Constitution.htm (15835 words)

	1973 Philippine Constitution - The LawPhil Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all the islands and waters embraced therein, and all the other territories belonging to the Philippines by historic or legal title, including the territorial sea, the air space, the subsoil, the sea-bed, the insular shelves, and the submarine areas over which the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction.
		A female citizen of the Philippines who marries an alien retains her Philippine citizenship, unless by her act or omission she is deemed, under the law, to have renounced her citizenship.
		Upon the effectivity of this Constitution, the maximum period within which a case or matter shall be decided or resolved from the date of its submission, shall be eighteen months for the Supreme Court, unless reduced by the Supreme Court, twelve months for all inferior collegiate courts, and three months for all other inferior courts.
	www.lawphil.net /consti/cons1973.html (9091 words)

	Jurgrand
		There is no provision in the Philippine constitution stating or implying that once the people elect their public officials, the people are thereby divested of their sovereignty or that their sovereignty is forthwith surrendered or transferred to their elected public servants.
		Philippine politicians including PGMA think that transforming the Philippine government into a parliamentary form will make the Philippine government as decent and efficient as the parliamentary governments of Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Britain.
		If Grand Juries are organized in the Philippines, there will be no need for newsmen, reporters, or journalists to sensessionalize or "overkill" their stories about criminalities such as government graft or illegal gambling by powerful somebodies to avoid becoming a target of retaliatory acts by crime offenders.
	philippinegovantigraft.homestead.com /Jurgrand.html (3712 words)

	The Philippine Legislature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The present Congress is the 12th in the series since the first congress was held from 1946 to 1949; the second from 1949 to 1953; the third from 1953 to 1957; the fourth from 1957 to 1961; the fifth from 1961 to 1965; the sixth from1965 to 1969; and the seventh from 1969 to 1972.
		It was at that time that the Philippine Congress adopted the bicameral system which lasted until 1972 when the Philippine Constitution created a unicameral Batasang Pambansa under a semi-parliamentary government.
		The Philippine Congress is divided into two chambers, namely the Senate and the House of Representatives referred to as the Upper House and the Lower House respectively.
	www.cld.org /phil_leg.html (2323 words)

	Philippine Times - Manila News
		Philippine security forces yesterday arrested six military officers suspected of plotting a fresh coup against President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, military and police officials said.Police seized...
		Six Philippine military officers and two civilians have been arrested in a raid for allegedly plotting a coup against President Gloria Arroyo.Oscar Calderon, the national police chief, says a huge...
		THE Armed Forces of the Philippines was quick to point at the New People's Army as the group behind the shoot-up of the LTA Building in Makati City and the three explosions in Para aque,...
	www.philippinetimes.com /p.x/ct/10/id/3e5bbccc730d258c (1720 words)

	The Recent MILF Agreements, Belligerency Status, International Law and the Philippine Constitution
		Incidentally, our Constitution specifically recognizes the right to self-determination, albeit in the State's "relations with other States." It seems hypocritical for the Philippines to invoke this right in its external relations (external self-determination) but deny the same from its own constituent peoples or nations like the Bangsamoro (internal self-determination).
		Part of the problem is the Constitution itself, especially in terms of the structure of the political relationship between the central government and the Bangsamoro people in the South.
		This constitutional settlement must be negotiated, and follow from the peace negotiations between the parties.
	kalilintad.tripod.com /soliman_santos.htm (1955 words)

	Asian Journal Online
		Section 2 of Article XII of the Philippine Constitution states in part that: “All lands of the public domain, waters, minerals, coal, petroleum and other mineral oils, all forces of potential energy (such as geothermal fields), fisheries, forests or timber, wildlife, flora and fauna, and other natural resources are owned by the State.
		And section 3 of Article XII of the Philippine Constitution classifies lands of the public domain into: “agricultural, forest or timber, mineral lands and national parks.” And the same section 3 of Article XII further states that: “Alienable lands of the public domain shall be limited to agricultural lands.”
		Under Section 2 of Article IV of the Philippine Constitution, “Natural-born citizens are those who are citizens of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship.
	www.asianjournal.com /cgi-bin/view_info.cgi?code=00009314&category=IM (1180 words)

	PHILIPPINE ACQUISITION & DISPOSITION LAWS
		The Philippine Constitution of 1987 prohibits the transfer or conveyance of private lands to aliens.
		Register of Deeds of Manila where the Supreme Court held that under the Philippine Constitution of 1935, aliens may not acquire private or public agricultural lands, including "residential lands." For this reason, the word "agricultural" was written off in Section 14, Article XIV of the 1973 Philippine Constitution.
		This law outlined the steps to be undertaken by the Philippine Government towards the adoption of a Constitution preparatory to the recognition of Philippine independence, and the withdrawal of American sovereignty.
	propertiesmla.tripod.com /id6.html (1880 words)

	GlobaLex - Philippine Legal Research
		The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,107 islands with a land area of 299,740 sq.
		The United States Constitution was recognized until the promulgation of the Philippine Constitution on February 8, 1935, signed by U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on March 23, 1935 and ratified at a plebiscite held on May 14, 1935.
		In the Philippines, a treaty or international agreement shall be not be valid and effective unless concurred in by at least two-thirds of all members of the Senate (Constitution, Article VII, section 21). Those without the concurrence of the Senate are considered as Executive Agreements.
	www.nyulawglobal.org /globalex/Philippines.htm (6743 words)

	LAND OWNERSHIP IN THE PHILIPPINE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		However, Article XII Section 8 of the Philippine Constitution also provides that "a natural-born citizen of the Philippines who lost his / her Philippine citizenship may be a transferee of private lands subject to limitations provided by law."
		A natural-born Filipino, who has become a naturalized citizen of another country, and who has the legal capacity to enter into a contract under Philippine laws, may acquire or be a transferee of private lands in the Philippines.
		Both laws define Filipinos as citizens of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any act to acquire or perfect his / her Filipino citizenship and who lost / her Filipino citizenship, and who has the legal capacity to enter into a contract under Philippine laws.
	www.philippine-embassy.de /landown.htm (1116 words)

	House of Representatives - About the HOR
		The Philippine legislative system has undergone a series of evolutions that reflected the sociopolitical conditions of the times and the level of political maturity of society.
		In 1941, the Constitution was amended, again restoring the bicameral legislature that came to be called the Congress of the Philippines.
		When martial law was declared, the Constitutional Convention, by virtue of an Act of Congress in 1971, was in the process of drafting a new Constitution.
	www.congress.gov.ph /about/index.php?about=history (557 words)

	BALITANG BETERANO: REVERENCE TO THE CONSTITUTION
		The Tydings McDuffe law became a part of the Constitution because of Ordinance 3 of the 1935 Philippine Constitution.
		Further, the Tydings-McDuffe law was part of the Philippine Constitution by virtue of Ordinance No. 3, the change in a law to enable any military bases agreement to be approved was virtually a change of the Constitution.
		G.M.Arroyo has been threatened by the opposition to face impeachment proceedings unless she finds justification under the constitution of the presence of U.S. troops in the Philippines contrary to the provisions of the Philippine constitution.
	www.newsflash.org /2004/02/hl/hl101922.htm (3570 words)

	:: Welcome to Manila Bulletin Online ::
		After the annexation of the Philippines by the United States by virtue of the December 10, 1898 Treaty of Paris, successive sets of laws governed the land, notably President William McKinley’s April 7, 1900, Instruction to the Second Philippine Commission, the Organic Act of 1902, the Jones Law of 1916, and the 1934 Tydings-McDuffie Act.
		Through this last law, a constitutional convention was held in 1934 to craft the 1935 Constitution.
		February 9, the date the 1935 Constitution was approved in 1935 after decades of American colonial rule, is observed as Philippine Constitution Day.
	www.mb.com.ph /issues/2004/02/09/OPED200402091697.html (277 words)

	Philippine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The judicial system of the Philippines has been generally burdened by the pressure of adjudicating a number of cases that remain to be unresolved either because of the complicated and tedious legal litigation procedure inherent in the country’s judicial processes or the sheer volume of cases brought to the courts daily.
		One of the problems affecting Philippine polity today is the emergence of interest and pressure groups that have varying and often conflicting interests leading to tensions of hyperpluralism which government needs to negotiate tenuously.
		Within the Philippine context, the emergence of NGOs in areas that traditionally belonged to government can be seen not so much as a result of the process of expansion (or contraction) of government but as a recognition of government’s inability to deliver primarily because of limited resources.
	unpan1.un.org /intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan000223.html (10969 words)

	The Philippine Centennial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Philippine Centennial commemorates the declaration of Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898.
		The 100th birth anniversary of Philippine Independence will commemorate the events that distinguished the Philippines as the first constitutional democracy in Asia, namely the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution in 1896, the declaration of Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898 and the ratification of a Philippine Constitution by the 1898 Malolos Congress in January 1899.
		The Philippine National Anthem's original composition was in Spanish and was written by Jose Palma.
	www.worldkids.net /kids/lauren/centennial.html (280 words)

	The Philippine Constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Although by international standards the Philippines is a relatively young nation, the Filipinos possess a strong political heritage that grew out of nearly four centuries of constant social and political change.
		This heritage is reflected in the seven constitutions drafted since 1897, of which the most significant were those of 1899 and 1987--the constitution of 1899 establishing what was the first republic in Asia, and the constitution of 1987 restoring the republic that had been overthrown by martial law in 1972.
		September 15, 1898: Inaugural session of the National Assembly of the First Philippine Republic
	members.tripod.com /~malolos (95 words)

	EMANILA/ Philippine Centennial: Its Significance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Philippine Republic is about to reach its century mark as a nation.
		Filipinos will take time out for significant events in its history: the culmination of four centuries of struggle for nationhood, the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution in 1896, the declaration of the Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898 and the ratification of a Philippine Constitution by the 1898 Malolos Congress in January of 1898.
		The 100th birth anniversary of Philippine Independence, our centennial, is the milestone that shall be the celebration of our glorious past and future: the emancipation of the Filipino from the tyranny of colonialism and his transformation into a citizen not only of an independent and proud nation but of the world as well.
	www.emanila.com /100sydney/ncc_ph/meaning.htm (191 words)

	Philippine Commentary
		An alleged coup d'etat, led by a bemedalled combat veteran, graduate of West Point and PMA and commander of the elite Scout Ranger Batallion of the Philippine Army, fails when he "fails to convince the Chief of Staff General Generoso Senga to join them" and he is instead confined to quarters.
		Meanwhile, the State is democratic, liberal, and in so far as it operates by the Rule of Constitutional Law, it is supposed to be governed by reason, even demanding the greatest budgetary priority be given to education, science and sports.
		But the Constitution is not a contract between equals, in so far as the Church and the State provisions are concerned, for when they were divorced in 1898, it was agreed all earthly power would go to the State.
	philippinecommentary.blogspot.com (4939 words)

	philippine constitution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In case the verified complaint or resolution of impeachment is filed by at least one-third of all the Members of the House, the same shall constitute the Articles of Impeachment, and trial by the Senate shall forthwith proceed.
		No impeachment proceedings shall be initiated against the same official more than once within a period of one year.
		Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold any office under the Republic of the Philippines, but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to prosecution, trial and punishment according to law.
	www.inq7.net /impeach/philconsti.htm (442 words)

	Independence Day: June 12 or July 4? - Jun. 10, 2004
		On Sept. 29, 1898, the Malolos Congress ratified the declaration of the Philippine independence, which eventually led to the approval of the Malolos Constitution by the Malolos Congress on Nov. 29, 1898.
		Finally, on Jan. 21, 1899, the Philippine Constitution was promulgated by General Aguinaldo.
		It is the July 4 proclamation of independence that marked the birth of the Philippine Republic under which we now live.
	www.inq7.net /opi/2004/jun/10/letter_1-1.htm (372 words)

	Philippine Constitution (1987)
		The Senate shaf age, able to read and write, a registered voter, and a resident of the Philippines for not less than two years immediately preceding the day of the election.
		The preservation of ponstitution, treason, bribery, graft and corruption, other high crimes, or betrayal of public trust.
		The State shall regulate the relations between workers and employers, recognizing the right of labor to its just share in the fruits of production and the right of enterprises to reasonable returns to investments, and to expansion and growth.
	www.tanggol.org /environmental_laws/const.html (13210 words)

	The Philippine Constitution - Filipino Laws Quiz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		When Corazon Aquino became President after the 1st People Power Revolution toppled Ferdinand Marcos, a new constitution was ratified in 1987.
		How much do you know about the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines?
		* The Philippines is largely a Catholic nation.
	www.funtrivia.com /quizdetails.cfm?quiz=174813 (76 words)

	Philippine Communication Centrum Foundation - Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Philippine Communication Centrum is a resource center on communication
		Philippine National Observatory on the Information Society (PNOIS)
		The critical role of ICT in addressing the major problems in society is acknowledged by UNESCO in its Medium-Term strategy (2002-2007) - the eradication of extreme poverty and the contribution of ICT to science, culture and information and the building of knowledge societies.
	www.comcentrum.ph (145 words)

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