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Topic: The Pleasures of the Imagination

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Mark Akenside

	Mark Akenside - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		During a visit to Morpeth in 1738 he had conceived the idea of his didactic poem, "The Pleasures of the Imagination." He had already acquired a considerable literary reputation when he came to London about the end of 1743, and offered the work to Dodsley for £120.
		Accordingly he attacked the author of the Pleasures of the Imagination - which was published anonymously - in a scathing preface to his Remarks on Several Occasional Reflections, in answer to Dr Middleton..
		Professor Dowden complains that "his tone is too high-pitched; his ideas are too much in the air; they do not nourish themselves in the common heart, the common life of man." Dr Johnson praised the blank verse of the poems, but found fault with the long and complicated periods.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Mark_Akenside (993 words)

	18th Century British Aesthetics (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		It is presumably to relieve this tension that Burke recasts Addison's distinction between primary and secondary pleasures of the imagination as a distinction between “the primary pleasures of sense” and “the secondary pleasures of the imagination” (Burke 1990, 22).
		Although Addison maintains that the pleasures of taste are pleasures of the imagination, his explanations as to why certain objects of imagination please are not particularly materialist: he traces the pleasure we take in “an unbounded view,” for example, to our regarding it as “an image of liberty” (Addison and Steele 1879, no. 412).
		This pleasure combines with the pleasure attending the emotion that awakens the train, and with the pleasures attending the emotions that arise from the ideas constituting the train, to form the complex pleasures attending the complex emotions of taste, namely, the emotions of beauty and of sublimity.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/aesthetics-18th-british (8545 words)

	Bentham: Principles of Morals and Legislation: Chapter 5
		The pleasures of benevolence are the pleasures resulting from the view of any pleasures supposed to be possessed by the beings who may be the objects of benevolence; to wit, the sensitive beings we are acquainted with; under which are commonly included, 1.
		The pleasures of the imagination are the pleasures which may be derived from the contemplation of any such pleasures as may happen to be suggested by the memory, but in a different order, and accompanied by different groups of circumstances.
		The pleasures of association are the pleasures which certain objects or incidents may happen to afford, not of themselves, but merely in virtue of some association they have contracted in the mind with certain objects or incidents which are in themselves pleasurable.
	www.constitution.org /jb/pml_05.htm (2923 words)

	§20. Its Literary Criticism: Addison on "Paradise Lost," and "On the Pleasures of the Imagination". II. Steele and ...
		The same is true of his successive papers on æsthetics, or, as he calls them, “On the Pleasures of the Imagination.” 161 He wanted to show how the emotions can be raised and purified by what men see and read.
		So, he discussed the intellectual pleasure to be found, first, in landscapes and gardens, then, in statues, pictures and architecture, and, then, in the mirrored views of life which a descriptive writer can call up before the mind’s eye.
		This difficult and intricate subject involved an inquiry into the psychology of the imagination and a scientific discrimination of the functions and limits of the different arts.
	www.bartleby.com /219/0220.html (1169 words)

	IPML Chapter 5
		The pleasures of skill, as exercised upon particular objects, are those which accompany the application of such particular instruments of enjoyment to their uses, as cannot be so applied without a greater or less share of difficulty or exertion.
		These may likewise be called the pleasures of good repute, the pleasures of honour, or the pleasures of the moral sanction.
		pleasures of expectation are the pleasures that result from the contemplation of any sort of pleasure, referred to time future, and accompanied with the sentiment of belief.
	www.la.utexas.edu /research/poltheory/bentham/ipml/ipml.c05.html (1980 words)

	Imagination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Eighteenth-century constructions of sensibility draw on imagination as a pivotal term, but theories about the activity of imagination are as widely varied as theories of sensibility.
		While Addison says that imagination is a product of human cultivation, which will only be strengthened with the further development of the race, Blair calls imagination primitive, that which has been banished and which has, in its wake, left the flaccid effusions of minds which understand neither tenderness nor sublimity.
		Imagination can also lead to self-indulgence in its attempts to magnify its own power; Mackenzie consequently worries that the sentimental reader is more concerned with acting on the pure imagination than the sound one.
	www.engl.virginia.edu /enec981/termpages/imagination.html (301 words)

	[No title]
		The pleasures of novelty: or, the pleasures derived from the gratification of the appetite of curiosity, by the application of new objects to any of the senses.[2] V.
		The pleasures of skill, as exercised upon particular objects, are those which accompany the application of such particular instruments of enjoyment to their uses, as cannot be so applied without a greater or less share of difficulty or exertion.[3] VI.
		To the catalogue of pleasures may accordingly be added the pleasures of relief: or, the pleasures which a man experiences when, after he has been enduring a pain of any kind for a certain time, it comes to cease, or to abate.
	www.constitution.org /jb/pml_05.txt (2934 words)

	Robinson Crusoe in Outer Space: The Power of the Imagination
		But the imagination allows one to connect the head and body of a man with the torso of a horse to produce an animal that combines the intelligence of man and the fecundity of the horse, encapsulating all knowledge into a single figure who becomes in mythos the tutor of the emperor Alexander.
		Imagination can also prove to explain the distortion of religious zealots who practice the craft of fl witchcraft and fraudulently attribute to the devil horrible acts and evil deeds which are, in fact, the self-indulgent acts of venal men exercising their free will.
		Because Robinson Crusoe makes the journey to outer space in his imagination, he is able to transcend a conversation with a friend on the nature of habitable bodies--planets and orbiting spheres of the "Invisible World" (24-25).
	www.isso.uh.edu /publications/A2004/04-rothman.htm (2475 words)

	§16. Akenside’s "Pleasures of Imagination". VII. Young, Collins and Lesser Poets of the Age of Johnson. Vol. ...
		Poets of all degrees and kinds, poets as different from each other as Thomson and Tennyson, have revised their work largely; but the revision has always, or almost always, been confined to omissions, insertions and alterations for better or worse of isolated phrase, line or passage.
		Akenside entirely rewrote his one long and famous poem, The Pleasures of Imagination, 7 and did something similar with several of his not very numerous smaller pieces.
		The Pleasures of Imagination might, by a bold misnomer or liberty, be used as the title of a completed Kubla Khan, and so might designate a magnificent poem.
	www.bartleby.com /220/0716.html (633 words)

	Sublime (philosophy) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The significance of Addison's concept of the sublime is that the three pleasures of the imagination that he identified; greatness, uncommonness, and beauty, "arise from visible objects" (sight rather than rhetoric).
		The imagination is moved to awe and instilled with a degree of horror by what is "dark, uncertain, and confused." While the relationship of the sublime and the beautiful is one of mutual exclusiveness, either one can produce pleasure.
		For Aristotle the function of art forms was to create pleasure, and had first pondered the problem of an object of art representing the ugly as producing "pain" (without reference to the absence of pleasure) in the Poetics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sublime_(philosophy) (1734 words)

	Chapter One: Ruskin's Theories of the Sister Arts
		Changes in theories of the imagination also tended to dissolve the alliance of the arts: eighteenth-century theories of the imagination which considered it an image-making faculty had supported the parallel of painting and poetry, but the growth of notions of the sympathetic imagination in the late eighteenth century did not serve the same function.
		The gradual shift from the imagination as maker of images to the imagination as creator of emotional states or sympathies tended to divide the two allied arts.
		Although Ruskin's ideas of the imagination were heavily influenced by the writings of British moral philosophers, such as Dugald Stewart and Sydney Smith, who described the imagination as working with sympathies and emotional states, Ruskin believes that the imagination works with images.
	www.victorianweb.org /victorian/authors/ruskin/atheories/1.4.html (1166 words)

	Joseph Addison, "The Pleasures of the Imagination" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It is possible this defect of imagination [the inability to get one's brain around the very, very large or the very, very tiny] may not be in the soul itself but as it acts in conjunction with the body.
		Perhaps there may not be room in the brain for such a variety of impression, or the animal spirits may be incapable of figuring them in such a manner as is necessary to excite so very large or minute ideas.
		Imagination becomes a component of evolution opening up the possibility of, again, nationalist or classed ideas about who can imagine what.
	www.engl.virginia.edu /enec981/dictionary/15addisonK1.html (198 words)

	Pleasures Of Imagination —by Joseph Addison.
		The pleasures of the imagination, taken in their full extent, are not so gross as those of sense, nor so refined as those of the understanding.
		We might here add, that the pleasures of the fancy are more conducive to health, than those of the understanding, which are worked out by dint of thinking, and attended with too violent a labour of the brain.
		I have in this paper, by way of introduction, settled the notion of those pleasures of the imagination which are the subject of my present undertaking, and endeavoured, by several considerations, to recommend to my reader the pursuit of those pleasures.
	www.ourcivilisation.com /smartboard/shop/fowlerjh/chap22.htm (754 words)

	Ziniewicz on Mill's Utilitarian Principles
		Those who have experienced the pleasures of the mind and virtue as well as sensual pleasures (who are "competently acquainted with both) are capable of judging.
		Pleasures are not homogeneous (they are of different kinds or classes).
		It is implied that being happy because of the happiness of others is a higher pleasure, despite the quantitative lower pain it may cause.
	www.fred.net /tzaka/mill.html (862 words)

	Addison's Essays as Models for Composition in School Anthologies and Textbooks of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth ...
		Imagination and morality are also the two qualities most in evidence in the later "anthology pieces": the comparison between planetary and terrestrial worlds (not from the Spectator) and reflections in Westminster Abbey.
		The pleasures of the imagination derived from the sight.
		The definition of the author’s meaning in the expression "the pleasures of the imagination".
	faculty.ed.uiuc.edu /westbury/Paradigm/Mack.html (2946 words)

	Epistemology and Art in Melville's 'Bartleby'
		Since the imagination is also responsible for art, the issue became one of aesthetics as well.
		From mere perception to imaginative vision--this is the lawyer's route, in his achievement of balanced art.
		Here the lawyer's imagination, as well as his eye, is quickened, for the balance of fancy and fact.
	www.ku.edu /~zeke/bartleby/roundy.html (4238 words)

	"La Belle Dame sans Merci" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The knight becomes enraptured by or totally absorbed in the pleasures of the imagination--the delicious foods, her song, her beauty, her love or favor ("and nothing else saw all day long").
		But the imagination or visionary experience is fleeting; the human being cannot live in this realm, a fact which the dreamer chooses to ignore.
		Or is she possibly the cheating or false imagination, not true imagination?
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /english/melani/cs6/belle.html (1656 words)

	The Pleasures of Imagination
		Imagination is the very source and well-head of Poetry, and nothing forced or foreign to the Muse could flow from such a subject.
		The ground-work of The Pleasures of Imagination is to be found in Addison's Essays on the same subject, published in the Spectator.
		It may be doubted whether this discussion is strictly within the bounds of the subject, the Pleasures of Imagination; since the instances given are not confined to scenic representation, but refer to the primary feelings of the passions.
	www.orgs.muohio.edu /womenpoets/barbauld/please.htm (3839 words)

	IPML Chapter 5 Note 13 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It would be a matter not only of curiosity, but of some use, to exhibit a catalogue of the several complex pleasures and pains, analyzing them at the same time into the several simple ones, of which they are respectively composed.
		The pleasures taken in at the eye and ear are generally very complex.
		The simple pleasures of sight, excited by the perception of agreeable colours and figures, green fields, waving foliage, glistening water, and the like.
	www.la.utexas.edu /research/poltheory/bentham/ipml/ipml.c05.n13.html (375 words)

	Borges and the Plain Sense of Things « Essay « ReadySteadyBook - a literary site
		Were we to find those three elements, the smoke on the horizon, the burning field, the half-extinguished cigarette, in a detective story the deduction that the cigarette caused the smoke on the horizon would figure as the first, obvious, banal explanation, later to be shown up by the detective to be false.
		But the pleasure of reading a novel stems from the fact that we know that this man is in fact the subject of an adventure that is about to befall him.
		For imagination to be exorcised it must be released from the constraints of causality that operates in the real world; by so doing it will make clear what realistic fiction obscures, drive a wedge between imagination and reality.
	www.readysteadybook.com /Article.aspx?page=josipovicionborges (3176 words)

	Narnia on Tour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Another is the pleasure of getting to know other people, in all their strangeness and variety.
		Lewis took great pleasure in the natural world – in the various moods of the weather and seasons, in the character of a landscape, in animals, in trees.
		And he didn’t offer his readers guilty pleasures, or pleasures as a bribe or a sugar-coating on a pill.
	www.narniaontour.com /articles/holypleasures.htm (3286 words)

	Jeremy Bentham, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, Chapter V: Library of Economics and Liberty
		Pains and pleasures may be called by one general word, interesting perceptions.
		Where it is grounded on the idea of a pleasure, which was never actually enjoyed, nor perhaps so much as expected,but which might have been enjoyed (it is supposed,) had such or such a contingency happened, which, in fact, did not happen.
		The only pleasures and pains of the extra-regarding class are those of benevolence and those of malevolence: all the rest
	www.econlib.org /library/Bentham/bnthPML5.html (2067 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This review essay is based on two papers written while Laura was an undergraduate at the University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign for Professor Walter Arnstein (who coincidentally delivered the Epsilon Mu chapter, Phi Alpha Theta banquet lecture this year) and revised while she was a M.A. in History graduate at Eastern Illinois.
		Pleasures of the Imagination: English Culture in the Eighteenth Century.
		Central to London's cultural development was the rise of the urban coffeehouse; it became a place to discuss cultural and critical ideas.
	www.eiu.edu /~historia/1999/review99.htm (2819 words)

	Sermon 73 - Of Hell
		All the pleasures of the imagination are at an end.
		They are torn away from their nearest and dearest relations; their wives, husbands, parents, children; and (what to some will be worse than all this) the friend which was as their own soul.
		All the pleasure they ever enjoyed in these is lost, gone, vanished away: For there is no friendship in hell.
	wesley.nnu.edu /john_wesley/sermons/073.htm (3857 words)

	Modern History Sourcebook: Edmund Burke: On Taste
		A rectitude of judgment in the arts, which may be called a good taste, does in a great measure depend upon sensibility; because, if the mind has no bent to the pleasures of the imagination, it will never apply itself sufficiently to works of that species to acquire a competent knowledge in them.
		Every trivial cause of pleasure is apt to affect the man of too sanguine a complexion: his appetite is too keen to suffer his taste to be delicate; and he is in all respects what Ovid says of himself in love,
		But as the arts advance towards their perfection, the science of criticism advances with equal pace, and the pleasure of judges is frequently interrupted by the faults which are discovered in the most finished compositions.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/1756burke-taste.html (3036 words)

	Irrigating Deserts with Moral Imagination
		He believed the imagination was a crucial contributor to the moral life, as well as an important source of pleasure in life and a vital evangelistic tool (much of Lewis’s effectiveness as an apologist lies in his ability to illuminate difficult concepts through apt analogies).
		Although the word “imagination” does not appear in the lectures, this is Lewis’s fullest articulation of the importance of moral imagination.
		Through the use of moral imagination in his writings, Lewis was attempting to preserve and pass on the traditional values of earlier ages to the modern world.
	www.acton.org /publicat/randl/article.php?id=536 (909 words)

	Love Quotes, Fantasy and Illusion, DividingLine.com.com by Katharena Eiermann, quotations, romance, poetry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Imagination deserted by reason creates impossible, useless thoughts.
		United with reason, imagination is the mother of all art and the source of all its beauty.
		The pleasures of the imagination are as it were only drawings and models which are played with by poor people who cannot afford the real thing.
	www.dividingline.com /private/LoveQuotes/fantasy2_quotes.shtml (211 words)

	Hugh Blair - Rhetoric of Rhetoric
		The nature of taste, the nature and importance of criticism, and the distinction between taste and genius, being thus explained; the sources of the pleasures of taste shall next be considered.
		Here a very extensive field is open; no less, than all the pleasures of the imagination, as they are generally called, whether afforded us by natural objects, or by imitations and descriptions of them.
		We attempt to rise along with the writer; the imagination is awakened, and put upon the stretch; but it requires to be supported; and if, in the midst of its efforts, you desert it unexpectedly, down it comes with a painful shock.
	www.msu.edu /user/ransford/rhetoric.html (7281 words)

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