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Topic: The Sands of Mars

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	NASA - The Sands of Mars
		Jenkins and other investigators are studying the physics of aeolian [wind] transporting of sand and dust on Earth, both to understand the formation and moving of dunes on Mars, and also to ascertain what sites for eventual habitats might be best protected from prevailing winds (for example, in the lee of large rocks).
		But on Mars, ignorance could mean reduced efficiency or worse preventing the astronauts from mining enough oxygen and hydrogen to breathe or use for fuel to return to Earth.
		City-swallowing Sand Dunes -- (Science@NASA) NASA-supported researchers are studying the complex physics of menacing sand dunes--on Earth and elsewhere.
	www.nasa.gov /vision/space/livinginspace/31jan_sandsofmars.html (1175 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Life \| Sands of Mars may hold vast reservoir of water
		The sands of Mars, which hold the biggest dunes in the solar system, could contain up to 50% snow and ice, a US scientist told the British Association festival of science meeting in Dublin yesterday.
		She studied satellite images of the planet's north polar sand sea and the southern crater dune fields to identify geological features which could best be explained as dunes that seemed to have been cemented by water.
		Other landmarks included huge alluvial fans in the sand, river-like drainage patterns, laminated sediments of the kind found on Earth in the dry valleys of Antarctica, and even "cornices" left in the dunes where water had suddenly cascaded away and immediately turned to gas in the thin Martian air.
	www.guardian.co.uk /life/science/story/0,12996,1563597,00.html (602 words)

	::Enigmatic Earth:: - The Soggy Sands of Mars... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Cracks and fins in the sand in an American desert look very similar to features seen on Mars and may indicate the recent presence of water at the surface, according to a new study by researcher Greg Chavdarian and Dawn Sumner, associate professor of geology at UC Davis.
		In June, the sand was dry and cracks were filled in or worn away.
		If the cracks and fins seen by the Opportunity rover on Mars are formed in the same way as the features at White Sands, it would provide evidence for water at the surface of Mars away from the polar ice caps, Sumner said.
	www.enigmaticearth.com /forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=330 (378 words)

	Evidence of shifting sands on Mars
		Since they were first seen in Mariner 9 images of Mars from the early 1970s, the dune fields have been of great interest to researchers because of the indication that the sand is. Evidence of such changes would make it possible to measure the effectiveness of wind erosion on Mars.
		Mars is a sufficiently different place today than it was two years ago when the Global Surveyor first arrived, and the new images show that the planet's weather and dust play a major role in changing the way it looks.
		Mars Global Surveyor carries five science instruments designed to generate a complete global portrait of Mars and its seasonal changes during a full Martian year, the equivalent of two Earth years.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-08/CUNS-Eoss-100899.php (632 words)

	Mars in the Mind of Earth: Novels - C to J
		The protagonist radios Mars, talking to the spirits of dead friends and relatives who are moving through each of the planets on their way to heaven.
		Mars is a natively governed entity, allied with Earth, and the Martians arachnid-like.
		Excerpts from The Report on Canali by Schiaparelli, Mars the Abode of Life by Lowell, War of the Worlds by Wells, and A Princess of Mars by Burroughs are also included.
	www.marsearth.com /novels/novc2j.html (2610 words)

	Mars images reveal active red planet
		On Earth they are relatively small features, but on Mars, dust devils are thought by some to be a major transporter of the fine, pinkish dust that gives the sky its unearthly brownish color, as seen by the Mars Pathfinder and Viking landers.
		Sand dunes also are giving Mars scientists some new insights as to how Mars' seasonal polar ice caps retreat at the end of each winter as seasonal warming occurs.
		Mars Global Surveyor is the first mission in a long-term program of Mars exploration, known as the Mars Surveyor Program, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /releases/99/mgsnewpix.html (647 words)

	New Pictures of Active Martian Sand Dunes
		The first martian sand dunes were observed by the Mariner 9 spacecraft in 1972.
		These grains are usually 0.06 to 2 millimeters (0.002 to.08 inches) in size (which geologists call sand), and they are transported by the wind either by hopping over the ground (a process called saltation) or rolling along the ground (called traction).
		The 1998 observations of the north polar dunes and other dune fields on Mars are quite tantalizing and appear to indicate that many dunes are active under present martian conditions.
	science.nasa.gov /current/event/ast29oct98_2.htm (517 words)

	Footprints on the Sands of Mars
		As I gazed upon it I felt a spell of overpowering fascination--it was Mars, the god of war, and for me, the fighting man, it had always held the power of irresistible enchantment.
		We can transform Mars and build it like you would build a cathedral, as a monument to humanity and the universe both." To this, Ann retorts: "We are not lords of the universe.
		Desperate hopes are pinned on Mars as the future of the human race, and the planet becomes involved in what can best be described as a colossal land grab.
	www.worldandi.com /public/1994/april/bk6.cfm (3268 words)

	SPACE.com -- Private Detectives Investigate Mars
		Opportunity Mars rover used its Panoramic Camera to watch the rare solar crossing of the Sun by the martian moon Deimos.
		One Mars detective that excitedly awaits the latest batch of images from Spirit at Gusev Crater and Opportunity at Meridiani Planum is R.D. "Gus" Frederick of Silverton, Oregon.
		In the case of the Mars rovers, "a unique approach is happening," he said.
	www.space.com /spacewatch/mars_detectives_040311.html (1265 words)

	Amazon.com: The City and the Stars and the Sands of Mars: Books: Arthur C. Clarke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		THE SANDS OF MARS, one of Clarke's earliest novels is a bit stiff in its prose, but is still as entertaining today as it was when it was first published in 1952.
		The Sands of Mars, while not on the same level as The City and the Stars, is also a good read.
		Sands of Mars is also very entertaining and is also a must read for any Clarke fan.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0446677965?v=glance (1710 words)

	NASA - Exploration Systems - The Sands of Mars
		Granular Materials in Lunar and Martian Exploration (http://weboflife.nasa.gov/regolith_announce.htm) -- a workshop co-sponsored by NASA and the U.S. Army Research Office, is discussing how astronauts could use in-situ resources on the Moon and Mars for air, fuel, and other purposes.
		City-swallowing Sand Dunes (http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2002/06dec_dunes.htm) -- (Science@NASA) NASA-supported researchers are studying the complex physics of menacing sand dunes--on Earth and elsewhere.
		Flowing Sand in Space (http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2000/ast17nov_1.htm) -- (Science@NASA) NASA scientists are sending sand into Earth orbit to learn more about how soil behaves during earthquakes.
	www.exploration.nasa.gov /articles/31jan_sandsofmars_lite.html (1198 words)

	Footprints on the Sands of Mars - Jack Ketch
		The beauty of Mars exists in the human mind," says one of the astronauts in Kim Stanley Robinson's Red Mars.
		Mars' red color and odd surface markings attracted the attention of astronomers, thinkers, and dreamers long before space travel became a reality.
		Presuming Mars to be an abode of life, explorers of the imagination like Athanasius Kircher and Emanuel Swedenborg voyaged there in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and mined it for utopian, philosophic, and theological ideas.
	www.worldandi.com /specialreport/1994/april/Sa11430.htm (201 words)

	The Sands of Mars
		Echoing in your ears are the final words from mission control: "Your mission, should you care to accept it, is to return to Earth - if possible using fuel and oxygen you mine from the sands of Mars.
		Mars soil in 3D, photographed by the Spirit rover in 2004.
		Another problem is "hoppers" - the funnels miners use to guide sand and gravel onto conveyor belts for processing.
	www.firstscience.com /SITE/ARTICLES/sandsofmars.asp (1036 words)

	Graph E's
		SANDS OF MARS includes an instruction booklet, a map of Mars (I guess that's what it is) and two disks containing the program.
		The mission is to go to Mars, rescue a long lost scientist, solve the mystery beneath the SANDS OF MARS and return to earth.
		Now Mars and space are fairly large, and being forced to stop after only a little traveling is not realistic.
	www.cyberroach.com /analog/an04/outerspaceaction.htm (5410 words)

	ScienceDaily: Soggy Sands Of Mars?
		Methane Doesn't Necessarily Mean Life On Mars, Says Dartmouth Study (June 8, 2005) -- Two Dartmouth researchers have weighed in on the debate over whether the presence of methane gas on Mars indicates life on the red planet.
		Sand Ripples Taller On Mars (November 5, 2003) -- Mars is kind of like Texas: things are just bigger there.
		Green Mineral On Mars Indicates Red Planet Is Dry (October 24, 2003) -- The presence of a common green mineral on Mars suggests that the red planet could have been cold and dry since the mineral has been exposed, which may be more than a billion years according to new...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2006/04/060409152456.htm (1551 words)

	Life on Mars? - Literature/Popular Culture
		His book Sands of Mars is seen as one of the first realistic novels about the planet.
		His version of Mars is of a peaceful planet untouched by sin, where three races coexist in harmony.
		Her Mars is a frontier society where Shambleau, half vampire, half Medusa preys on transients and adventurers.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~humbio01/literature.html (415 words)

	USATODAY.com - The wheels on the rover go round on Mars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Spirit's main goal is to investigate the history of water on Mars as revealed by its geology.
		Mars Express, mother ship of the still-lost Beagle 2 lander, started orbiting Mars on Dec. 24.
		Loaded with science instruments, Mars Express should provide an overview of surface mineral conditions around Spirit as it passes 186 miles overhead.
	www.usatoday.com /news/science/2004-01-15-mars-rover-trip_x.htm (590 words)

	Mars Exploration: Features
		As the rovers keep journeying across the surface of Mars, scientists are busy churning out journal articles that herald the new discoveries revealed by their robot geologist partners.
		Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter will follow clues to where the lost Mars Polar Lander and Beagle 2 might be.
		During a three-day Mars Remote Sensing Teacher Institute, educators pant, sweat, and occasionally bleed as they hike up Granite Wash Mountain to learn about Mars and bring home the spirit of exploration to their students.
	mars.jpl.nasa.gov /spotlight/features-2005.html (507 words)

	ScienceDaily: Dramatic Pictures Showing Evidence Of Shifting Sands On Mars
		Surveyor Spacecraft Spots Bright Sand Dunes On Mars That Researchers Speculate Could Be Mounds Of Sulfates (February 19, 1999) -- After analyzing hundreds of high-resolution pictures of the Martian surface taken by the orbiting Mars Surveyor spacecraft, a team of researchers finds that weathering and winds on the planet create...
		Mars -- Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun in our solar system.
		Mars Exploration Rover -- NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Mission is an unmanned Mars exploration mission that sent two robotic rovers Spirit and Opportunity to explore the Martian surface and geology.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/1999/08/990811080626.htm (1918 words)

	Compare Prices and Read Reviews on Sands of Maris at Epinions.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		I enjoy his somewhat old-school science fiction style, writing when the subjects he was writing about were still so hopelessly unfamiliar to the general public that his patient, detailed but accessible explanations of the near future were shiny and new.
		Clarke inhabits both the spacestation and the passenger liner with scant crews of somewhat atypical spacefarers.....in Sands of Mars, flashy suave ship's captains, and hoards of smart-casual-dressing stewardesses are entirely absent.
		There are no shiny plazas and courtyards full of exotic alien trees, no robots whizzing to and fro with urgent chores too menial for the hands of man....instead, the mars colony is 2000 souls, struggling a living in prefabricated aluminum sheds underneath some thick plastic domes, held aloft only by the internal air pressure.
	www.epinions.com /content_53320781444 (1071 words)

	NASA - En Route to Mars, the Moon
		Dust is also ubiquitous on Mars, although Mars dust is probably not as sharp as moondust.
		Both the Moon and Mars are thought to harbor water frozen in the ground.
		The Sands of Mars -- (Science@NASA) Driving, digging, mining: these are things astronauts will be doing one day in the sands of Mars.
	www.nasa.gov /vision/universe/solarsystem/18mar_moonfirst.html (1066 words)

	Crazy Bear and Ragged Staff - Hordes of the Things - Sands of Mars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Barsoom is a brutal land where a leaders fortunes is stampeding thoat, you hang on for grim life when its going well and trust to the lap of the gods when it tumbles.
		Bulldog Court of Mars, comatose after a crash on his steam velocipede he bestrides the Plains of Mars like a Thoat on Steyroids.
		With a battle cry of "That's cock" the fl martians prepared to rend Mr carter of Mars limb from naked limb.
	www.sebastian.rogers.btinternet.co.uk /hott/sand/index.html (1200 words)

	Leaving Home :: Astrobiology Magazine ::
		And in 1951, Arthur C. Clarke, who is one of the terraforming NASA debate panelists, gave the concept wide exposure with his novel, The Sands of Mars.
		Somewhere in [The Sands of Mars] you'll find 'There are no mountains on Mars!'.
		He spent much time observing Mars, and now there is a huge crater, 175 kilometers wide, named after him in your southern hemisphere.
	www.astrobio.net /news/article1030.html (1434 words)

	Soggy Sands of Mars?
		Water on Mars and Life (Advances in Astrobiology and Biogeophysics)
		El Mar (Yo Te Hablare de la Illuvia) (Yo Te Hablare de la Illuvia)
		Oceanos / Oceans: Misterios Y Leyendas Del Mar / Nysteries and Legends of the Sea (Apuntes / Notations)
	www.brightsurf.com /news/headlines/view.article.php?ArticleID=23831 (632 words)

	The City and the Stars/The Sands of Mars - Arthur Charles Clarke - Palm Reader eBook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Alvin, a young man born in the enclosed utopian city of Diaspar, in Earth's far future, becomes impatient with the technology-mediated claustrophobia of his "perfect" life and determines to find out what is beyond his city.
		It was one of the first SF novels about Mars to abandon the romantic fantasies of Edgar Rice Burroughs, C. Lewis, and Ray Bradbury.
		In The Sands of Mars, celebrated writer Martin Gibson is on his first trip to Mars.
	www.ebookmall.com /ebook/104918-ebook.htm (786 words)

	ESA - Aurora Exploration Programme - Aurora’s roadmap to Mars
		Now that Mars Express has successfully released Beagle 2 on its way to Mars the next step in Europe’s exciting journey to Mars will be completed on Christmas Day, with the arrival of ESA’s Mars Express orbiter, and the delivery of the Beagle 2 lander to the planet’s dusty plains.
		Over several years, Mars Express will survey the entire planet in unprecedented detail, mapping the surface, probing for underground water and analysing the thin, carbon-dioxide-rich atmosphere.
		Meanwhile, back on Earth, ESA’s Aurora Programme is already looking several decades ahead to a time when humans will leave their footprints in the red sands of Mars.
	www.esa.int /export/SPECIALS/Aurora/SEMXZY274OD_0.html (721 words)

	Cornell News: Shifting sands on Mars
		Dramatic pictures showing evidence of shifting sands on Mars presented by Cornell astronomer Thomas at NASA briefing
		Since they were first seen in Mariner 9 images of Mars from the early 1970s, the dune fields have been of great interest to researchers because of the indication that the sand is moving.
		Evidence of such changes would make it possible to measure the effectiveness of wind erosion on Mars.
	www.news.cornell.edu /releases/Aug99/NASA.Thomas.deb.html (650 words)

	Sands of Mars by Arthur C. Clarke \| LibraryThing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Sands of Mars by Arthur C. Clarke
		The Sands of Mars by Arthur C Clarke (24 copies; separate)
		The sands of Mars, by Arthur C. Clarke by Arthur Charles Clarke (1 copies; separate)
	www.librarything.com /card_card.php?book=73651 (107 words)

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