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Topic: The Supreme Chamber of Control of Poland

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	The Supreme Chamber of Control of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Supreme Chamber of Control (Polish: Najwyższa Izba Kontroli, short: NIK) is one of the oldest state institutions in Poland, created under the Second Republic on February 7, 1919, barely 3 months after the restoration of Poland's independence.
		The Supreme Chamber of Control cooperates with similar bodies in the European Union countries, with the European Court of Auditors, International Board of Auditors for NATO, as well as the auditing authorities in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe such as the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Russia, and Hungary.
		The Supreme Chamber of Control also cooperates with its European partners within the framework of EUROSAI - the European Organisation of Supreme Audit Institutions, which is one of eight regional groups of INTOSAI - the International Organisation of Supreme Audit Institutions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_Supreme_Chamber_of_Control_of_Poland (479 words)

	Poland - ECONOMY
		Poland also has significant quantities of lignite in the district of Zielona Góra in the west and in two districts located in the central part of the country between the Vistula and the Oder rivers.
		Of Poland's 18,727,000 hectares of agricultural land (about 60 percent of the country's total area), 14,413,000 hectares were used for crop cultivation, 265,000 for orchards, and about 4,048,500 for meadows and pastures in 1989.
		In 1990 Poland exported 26 percent of the bacon it produced, as well as 63 percent of the ham, 16 percent of the tinned meat, 10 percent of the poultry, 17 percent of the sugar, and 67 percent of the frozen fruits and vegetables.
	www.mongabay.com /reference/country_studies/poland/ECONOMY.html (17834 words)

	ICL - Poland - Constitution 1952 (Extracts)
		(1) The Supreme Chamber of Control is subordinate to the House of Representatives.
		(1) The President of the Supreme Chamber of Control is appointed and recalled by the House of Representatives, with the consent of the Senate.
		The Republic of Poland shall devote special attention to the education of youth and shall ensure it substantial opportunities for development and provide conditions for active participation of the younger generation in public, political, economic, and cultural life, encouraging awareness in young people of their joint responsibility for the development of the Homeland.
	www.oefre.unibe.ch /law/icl/pl01000_.html (3285 words)

	Regular Report of the Commission on Poland: Chapter 28: Financial control
		In the area of external audit, the Supreme Chamber of Control (NIK) is considered to fulfil the criteria for the adequate functioning of a supreme audit institution.
		With regard to the control of structural action expenditure, substantial efforts need to be made in order to enhance Poland's capacity to manage pre-accession funding and future structural funds, in particular through the establishment of clear, public, internal financial control rules and procedures, together with substantial reinforcement of Poland's administrative capacity in this regard.
		Poland needs to reinforce and accelerate efforts leading to the extended decentralised implementation system before mid 2003 in order to allow EDIS accreditation to be achieved in the second semester of 2003.
	www.fifoost.org /polen/EU_Poland_2002/node63.php (1153 words)

	The Chancellery of the Prime Minister (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Supreme Chamber of Control shall be subordinate to the Sejm.
		The President of the Supreme Chamber of Control shall be appointed by the Sejm, with the consent of the Senate, for a period of 6 years, which may be extended for one more period only.
		The President of the Supreme Chamber of Control shall be neither detained nor arrested, except for cases when he has been apprehended in the commission of an offence and in which his detention is necessary for securing the proper course of proceedings.
	www.kprm.gov.pl /english/106_475.htm (851 words)

	ICL - Poland - Constitution
		Hereby establish this Constitution of the Republic of Poland as the basic law for the State, based on respect for freedom and justice, cooperation between the public powers, social dialogue as well as on the principle of aiding in the strengthening the powers of citizens and their communities.
		The Republic of Poland shall safeguard the independence and integrity of its territory and ensure the freedoms and rights of persons and citizens, the security of the citizens, safeguard the national heritage and shall ensure the protection of the natural environment pursuant to the principles of sustainable development.
		(2) The Supreme Chamber of Control shall be subordinate to the House of Representatives (Sejm).
	www.oefre.unibe.ch /law/icl/pl00000_.html (16909 words)

	Romania - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Transylvania was under control of the Kingdom of Hungary from the 10-11th century until the 16th century when the independent Principality of Transylvania was formed.
		Romania was proclaimed a communist state, under direct military and economic control of the USSR until 1958.
		During this period, Romania's scarce resources left after WWII were drained by the "SovRom" agreements: mixed Soviet-Romanian companies established in the aftermath of World War II to mask the looting of Romania by the Soviet Union, in addition to excessive war reparations paid to the USSR.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Romania (5228 words)

	Chamber judgments concerning France, Poland, Turkey and Ukraine
		It sits in Chambers of 7 judges or, in exceptional cases, as a Grand Chamber of 17 judges.
		Under Article 43 of the European Convention on Human Rights, within three months from the date of a Chamber judgment, any party to the case may, in exceptional cases, request that the case be referred to the 17‑member Grand Chamber of the Court.
		Otherwise Chamber judgments become final on the expiry of the three-month period or earlier if the parties declare that they do not intend to make a request to refer.
	www.echr.coe.int /Eng/Press/2006/Jan/Chamberjudgments100106.htm (6281 words)

	Indo - Polish Relasions
		Poland has a long parliamentary tradition stretching back to the 14th century and has established a pluralist system of parliamentary democracy during the past decade.
		Poland followed a centrally planned economy till 1989 and was the first country in Central and Eastern Europe to start economic reforms and transition from a command economy to market driven economy.
		The revival of the Indo-Polish Chamber of Commerce was announced by the Vice President of the Chamber, Mr.
	www.indianembassy.pl /iprelation.html (4927 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Under the new structure, a regional audit chamber consists of five members, as the law added two members appointed, respectively, by the Regional Council and the council of local authorities (provinces and municipalities) for 5-year terms (the usual term of the regional council).
		In recognition of Poland's experience in environmental auditing, the SCC was appointed in 1999 to be the coordinator of the EUROSAI Working Group on Environmental Auditing (WGEA), which was established by resolution of the 4th EUROSAI Congress held in Paris in May 1999.
		Poland's SCC coordinated the Helsinki Convention audit that was carried out in 2001 by the SAIs of the countries wete convention signatories: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Russian Federation, and Sweden.
	www.intosaijournal.org /apr04intosaijournal.txt (17010 words)

	ACG Region Country Information - Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Governments of Lithuania, Poland and Romania authorized the publication of these reports on their respective countries.
		This report was prepared by the World Bank (Warsaw Office) in response to a request from the Government of Poland to help identify the areas in which the most serious corruption problems are found and those in which measures to reduce corruption are likely to be most productive.
		The diagnostic in Poland was released in 1999 by the Government.
	www.nobribes.org /en/country_information/rc_Poland.htm (752 words)

	Adolf Hitler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		At the height of his Third Reich, the armies of Nazi Germany and its allies controlled the larger part of Europe.
		Historians advance many causes of World War II in Europe, but it was Germany's invasion of Poland that provoked a declaration of war by the United Kingdom and France.
		He was a master orator and with all of Germany's mass media under the control of his propaganda chief, Dr. Joseph Goebbels, he persuaded most Germans he was their saviour from the Depression, the Communists, the Versailles Treaty and the Jews.
	adolf-hitler.iqnaut.net (6091 words)

	AllRefer.com - Poland - The Supreme Court \| Polish Information Resource
		Because the Supreme Court had jurisdiction over all other courts in the land, the political reliability of its members was an important consideration in appointment decisions.
		The presiding officer of the Supreme Court, called the first chairman, is appointed from among the Supreme Court justices by the National Assembly upon the recommendation of the president.
		The Supreme Court reviews the decisions of all lower courts; hears appeals of decisions made by the district courts, along with appeals brought by the minister of justice (who simultaneously serves as the prosecutor general) and the first chairman of the Supreme Court; and adopts legal interpretations and clarifications.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/poland/poland198.html (351 words)

	financial audit review
		The financial audit review is a rostrum for theoretical and practical debates of the main issues on financial control, audit and judicial practice in the field of public finance administration.
		Official visit to Romania of the president of the Supreme Chamber of Control of Poland, which was materialised in the conclusion of the Institutional Cooperation Agreement between the RCA and the Supreme Chamber of Control of Poland;
		Recommendations concerning the functioning of Supreme Audit Institutions in the context of European Integration, adopted in Prague 1999, by the Presidents of the Supreme Audit Institutions of the Central and Eastern European Countries and of the European Court of Auditors.
	www.rcc.ro /rcceng/raf.htm (1388 words)

	Black Hole In Poland's coal industry and coal mines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Here in the heart of Poland's coal country, mines care for miners and their families from childhood to death.
		A special report issued in November by the Supreme Chamber of Control, Poland's highest auditing agency, estimates that the state spent as much as $8.5 billion on coal mining in the years 1990 through 2001.
		The Supreme Chamber of Control's report gave the Solidarity government reform a positive assessment overall but said it suffered from one major flaw: it came too late to pull the industry out of its disastrous slump.
	www.masterpage.com.pl /outlook/blackhole_tol.html (2262 words)

	Summary and Evaluation of China, Korea & Japan to 1875 by Sanderson Beck
		His attempts to control the economy while hoarding gold failed; as millions died from famine and the turmoil, peasants joined with Han nobles in a wide-spread rebellion that overthrew and killed Wang Mang in 23 CE.
		Also population was often controlled by drowning female infants, causing an imbalance between the male (yang) and female (yin) principles.
		The Mongols were the most aggressive conquerors of eastern Asia and slaughtered millions of people as they expanded their territory to an immense empire for a brief time; their descendants continued to dominate central Asia.
	www.san.beck.org /3-13-Summary.html (16017 words)

	Category:Government of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This category focuses on the work of national and local government in Poland.
		For other aspects of the political process in Poland see Category:Politics of Poland.
		There are 5 subcategories shown below (more may be shown on subsequent pages).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Category:Government_of_Poland (89 words)

	FREE In-depth report - Senate - Poland
		The upper house of the National Assembly, the Senate, was reestablished by the Round Table Agreement more than four decades after being abolished by the communist government.
		As in the Sejm, committee appointments are dictated by the numerical strength of the parties and factions represented in the chamber.
		The Senate also confirms key appointments, including the commissioner for citizens' rights and the chairperson of the Supreme Control Chamber, both of whom are nominated by the Sejm.
	www.exploitz.com /Poland-Senate-cg.php (314 words)

	Poland 2002
		The Committee welcomes the State party's establishment in 2000 of the Office of the Ombudsman for Children responsible for monitoring children's rights throughout Poland, and the role of the Supreme Chamber of Control in assessing and evaluating the Government's policy with regard to children's rights and the implementation of the Convention.
		(a) Strengthen the role of the Supreme Chamber of Control as an internal monitoring body for the evaluation of children's issues and establish a comprehensive system for monitoring and self-evaluation of the implementation of the Convention both at the national and local level;
		While noting the increased efforts of the State party to cooperate in regional programmes to prevent trafficking and repatriate victims, the Committee is nevertheless concerned that Poland continues to be a country of origin, destination and transit for children trafficked for sexual exploitation.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/crc/poland2002.html (3065 words)

	[No title]
		Previously this Group had functioned as INTOSAI's Regional European Working Group on Environmental Auditing (established in 1998 during the 16th INTOSAI Congress in Montevideo as a result of "regionalisation" of the INTOSAI Working Group on Environmental Auditing).
		The Supreme Chamber of Control (Poland) is the Group's Coordinator.
		The work of the Supreme Chamber of Control is supported by six Sub-coordinators: the Netherlands - in Western Europe, Sweden - in Scandinavia, Russian Federation - in selected countires of Eastern Europe, Malta and France - in the Mediterranean Region and Romania - in the Black Sea Region.
	eurosai.nik.gov.pl /en/site/gr_eurosai (408 words)

	INTOSAI WGAP: Papers for the 6th meeting, Warsaw, 5-6 October 1999
		In Russia the Accounts Chamber is using the guidelines for the planning and audit of effectiveness and expediency of usage and management of public property.
		In Hungary the SAI has asked the internal control department of the Hungarian Privatisation and State Holding Company to test the guidelines in their work, thereby also creating a possibility for the SAI to test the effectiveness of the guidelines in application when they next audit the company.
		In Poland ownership of the state's minority shareholdings is vested in the State Treasury which appoints representatives to exercise the rights on the government's behalf.
	www.nao.org.uk /INTOSAI/wgap/6thmeetingcontents.htm (5541 words)

	Law and politics in Belarus
		Stanislau Shushkievich, the deputy speaker of the Supreme Soviet - a former member of the communist party, but not a member of the nomenclature - was elected president of parliament and thus became the first head of state of the new "Respublika Belarus".
		The senators (members of the upper chamber) were partly appointed by the President (8 senators), partly by the regional authorities (8 senators from each of the 7 regions, including Minsk).
		The former Ambassador of the Republic of Belarus, ex-minister of the Foreign Economical Affairs, MP of the 12th and 13th Supreme Soviet Mikhail Marynich was arrested in Minsk on April 26, 2004.
	www.belarusguide.com /as/law_pol/belarusian_politics_1986-present.html (12124 words)

	Chamber judgments concerning Finland, Italy and Poland
		Repetitive cases (in which the Court has reached the same findings as in similar cases raising the same issues under the European Convention on Human Rights) can be found at the end of this press release.
		Professional fishermen, whose livelihood was affected by the ban, were provided with the possibility of applying for compensation for economic losses and some applicants had made use of that.
		Accordingly, the Court found that the control of use was compatible with the requirements of Article 1 of Protocol No. 1.
	www.echr.coe.int /Eng/Press/2005/July/Chamberjudgments280705.htm (1998 words)

	AllRefer.com - Poland - Government and Politics \| Polish Information Resource
		AllRefer.com - Poland - Government and Politics
		Poland - The Parliamentary Elections of October 1991
		Poland - Southern Neighbors and the Visegrád Triangle
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/poland/poland176.html (543 words)

	SAI Poland
		The Supreme Chamber of Control (SAI Poland) is established under the Constitution of April 1997, in the Act on the NIK.
		Privatisation, Environment, Pollution Control, telecom etc.) and the agencies to whom performance and delivery of public services is contracted out.
		The SAI is constituted as a multimember collegiate body as a Chamber of Audit.
	www.nao.org.uk /intosai/edp/mandates/writeups/poland.htm (1346 words)

	WWW Virtual Library:Evaluation -Detailed View-
		Top : Courts of Audit : Europe : Poland -Najwyzsza Izba Kontroli (NIK) (Supreme Chamber of Control)
		Poland -Najwyzsza Izba Kontroli (NIK) (Supreme Chamber of Control)
		The web-site of the Courts of Audit can be useful to obtain: a) information about specific programmes and relative budget analysis; b) evaluation reports; c) and statistics.
	www.policy-evaluation.org /vlib/pages/Detailed/201.html (90 words)

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