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Topic: The Vitaphone Corporation

	Vitaphone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Vitaphone was a sound film process used on features and nearly 2,000 short subjects produced by Warner Brothers and its sister studio First National from 1926 to 1930.
		Vitaphone was the last, but most successful, of the so-called sound-on-disc processes.
		The Vitaphone projectors had special levers and linkages to advance and retard sync, but it required the continual attention of the operator, and this was impractical.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vitaphone (791 words)

	Motion Picture Sound - part 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		1926 - One of the first Vitaphone shorts was made with Bryan Foy in the Manhattan Opera House in NY, with subway noise frequently interrupting the recording, according to mixer George Groves.
		Vitaphone discs had needle force of 3-6 ounces and frequency response of 4300 hz.
		Production began on the first Vitaphone short May 24, "The Volga Boatman"; the music for "Don Juan" was recorded by the NY Philharmonic in June for premier Aug. 6.
	homestudio.thing.net /revue/content/motionpicture1.html (1695 words)

	GAC Forums - Sound Systems Used in Cartoons
		Vitaphone was the sound system that it was used by Warner Brothers.
		What you were seeing at the bottom of the screen was The Vitaphone Corporation, which became Warner's Short Subject division, after The Vitaphone Corporation ceased being a recording division of Warner Brothers.
		Vitaphone was a subsidiary that represented their short subject division, including the cartoons.
	forums.goldenagecartoons.com /showthread.php?t=2773 (1524 words)

	A Capsule History of the Bell System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Corporate decisions frequently prove to be as important to the world at large as they are to the corporation.
		The new corporation was called the Bell Telephone Company after its predecessor and was incorporated on July 30, 1878 in Massachusetts, as the other two Bell companies had been.
		Massachusetts corporation laws were very restrictive, not only in limiting capitalization, but also in other matters, such as the ownership of stock in associated companies and the price at which stock could be sold.
	www.bellsystemmemorial.com /capsule_bell_system.html (17543 words)

	The Vitaphone Project!
		The Vitaphone sound discs for both Kahn 1927 band shorts are at The Library of Congress.
		Vitaphonically, John will be using Victor Pict-Ur-Music and other discs of late twenties music, plus sound effects, in the same way 1928-29 shorts were accompanied.
		The Vitaphone Project's main expenses are for the printing and distribution of this newsletter, which helps spread the word on our efforts and to uncover discs worldwide.
	www.picking.com /vitaphone44.html (3964 words)

	Barrymore.com
		In 1926 Warner's Brothers Pictures and Vitaphone Corporation with an arrangement with Western Electric and Bell Telephone Laboratories presented John Barrymore in the film as Don Juan.
		Vitaphone began the revolution by replacing the Silent movies from the public forum.
		The Vitaphone invention made it possible for every performance in a motion picture theater to have a full orchestral accompaniment to the picture regardless of the sixe of the house.
	ciajfk.com /barrymore/john.html (1962 words)

	70 Years Of Synch Sound
		On the 25th June 1925 Warner Bros went into partnership with Western Electric and The Vitaphone Corporation was formed.
		With the formation in 1925 of the Vitaphone Corporation, Watkins, at the the request of Harry Warner was given a years leave from the Lab to be Vitaphone's Chief Engineer.
		The programme ran two shows a day for nine months Warners shifted the Vitaphone operation to Hollywood, built a soundstage on their lot and Watkins and his team went west.
	www.amps.net /newsletters/issue19/19_synch.htm (2319 words)

	BBC - History of Vinyl - 1920-1929 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The record industry had spent the first twenty years of the century convincing the public that they needed a source of music in the home but they didn't foresee the possibility that it may be free.
		Unfortunately, The Radio Corporation of America (RCA) had by the early 1920s started mass-producing commercial radios which, while acoustically inferior, offered a far wider range of news, drama and music.
		Western Electric had combined with Warner Brothers to form the Vitaphone corporation and as a result the motion picture could now utilise the innovations in sound recording as well.
	www.bbc.co.uk /music/features/vinyl/19201929.shtml (784 words)

	Motion Picture Sound - part 1
		1926 - One of the first Vitaphone shorts was made with Bryan Foy in the Manhattan Opera House in New York, with subway noise frequently interrupting the recording, according to mixer George Groves.
		Vitaphone used a 12-inch or a16-inch disc on a turntable geared to a projector with a Western Electric 4-A pickup, at 33-1/3 rpm for 9-10 minutes, from inside to outside, on one side only, with a lateral-cut groove.
		This variable density system would compete for the next decade with the RCA variable area system that was adopted by RKO after 1928.
	history.sandiego.edu /gen/recording/motionpicture1.html (2107 words)

	The Soundry: Timeline
		DON JUAN was the first sound-on-disc movie released by the Vitaphone corporation.
		The Vitaphone corporation had been formed by the Warner Bros. and Western Electric companies.
		THE JAZZ SINGER was released by the Vitaphone corporation.
	library.thinkquest.org /19537/Line.html?tqskip1=1 (3566 words)

	Cinema's evolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The premiere employed the Vitaphone audio system, which had the film's soundtrack synchronized to the images via discs running at 33 1/3 rpm.
		Formed in 1967, the Imax Corporation built its first large-format (LF) projector using 15-perforation, 70mm film for the Montreal Expo and constructed its first camera in 1970.
		The 1976 film "To Fly" -- focusing on the history of aircraft and produced in IMAX by MacGillivray-Freeman Films -- was the first LF film to be seen by more than 1 million people and has now grossed more than $150 million, making it the most successful documentary to date.
	www.hollywoodreporter.com /hollywoodreporter/cinexpo/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1089637 (2324 words)

	Movie Timeline: 1920 - 1929
		Warner Bros. forms âThe Vitaphone Corporation of America â to exploit their soundâ“onâ“disc system for films, and to continue the research in the field of sound synchronization that had been developed by Western Electric.
		Using their new Vitaphone sound system, Warner Bros. presents a two and a half hour program consisting of a number of musical shorts and the featureâ“length film, âDon Juanâ.
		Bringing together the Radio Corporation of American, the Keith Orpheum theater chain, and American Pathè, a new motion picture company is founded.
	www.pictureshowman.com /timeline_1920_1929.cfm (2690 words)

	don-juan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		At this point, the Fox Film Corporation decided to join the move to sound, and with the acquisition of their own sound system began to produce sound newsreels under the Movietone banner.
		In January 1927, Warner Bros. followed its earlier success with the release of The Jazz Singer: although this film was more of a 'singing' than a 'talking' film, the brief improvised dialogue sequences included the prophetic words 'You ain't heard nothin' yet'.
		By the following spring, all the majors were busily engaged in equipping studios for the transition to sound, and the Vitaphone system was rapidly revised.
	yorty.sonoma.edu /filmfrog/reviews/d/don-juan.html (429 words)

	Movies
		In 1927 it brought out The Jazz Singer, which was essentially a silent picture with Vitaphone score and sporadic episodes of synchronized singing and speech.
		The Radio-Keith-Orpheum Corporation (RKO) was created in 1928 to showcase the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) Photophone system of variable area recording.
		With this system, the sound recording was modulated by a rotating mirror and the slit was parallel to the edge of the film; reproduction employed the perpendicular slit of the variable density sound track.
	www.puhsd.k12.ca.us /chana/staffpages/eichman/Adult_School/us/fall/1920s/movies.htm (2063 words)

	Let's Go to the Movies - Movie Pioneers
		Edison, sensing a new opportunity, negotiated a deal to manufacture the phantoscope, the invention of Armat and Jenkins, for Raff and Gammon, a new entrant in the movie business.
		Raff and Gammon renamed the machine "The Edison Vitascope", forming the Vitaphone Corporation to distribute it and lease it on an exclusive territorial basis in 1896.
		Vitaphone was arguably the first real motion picture distribution company.
	www.moah.org /exhibits/archives/movies/movie_pioneers.html (877 words)

	Bobby May: Video Review from JW (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The piece de resistance, however, is a high-quality seven-minute segment of "The Juggling Fool" produced in 1938 by the Vitaphone Corporation.
		Vitaphone produced numerous shorts of vaudeville acts during that era, and Lippe found this one of May after an extensive search.
		The highly contrived premise of the piece, May as a soda jerk who can't hold a job because he's continually tossing things around, doesn't dilute its historical value.
	www.juggling.org /fame/may/video.html (524 words)

	http://xft001/metz/sound.htm
		Because Warner Bros. owned a larger percentage of theaters in rural areas, where a large orchestra was not practical, Vitaphone films allowed them to provide these theaters with quality recorded musical and sound accompaniment otherwise not available.
		The success of the early Vitaphone films scared the film industry, and at this point in time, it was not at all clear that sound would be adopted by the film industry.
		They also worried about the downfall of the star system, given that many of their silent film stars had thick foreign accents, and most of them did not have theatrically-trained speaking and singing voices.
	www.montana.edu /metz/website/filmamer/sound.htm (1786 words)

	Play It Again Sam - Revive Proctors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The first real success in synchronizing sound and film was achieved in 1922 by Bell Telephone Laboratories with their creation of the Vitaphone.
		He created the Vitaphone Corporation in April 1926, with exclusive license to utilize the new technology.
		Along with the film were several Vitaphone produced shorts, including a talkie and some songs to show off the new technology.
	www.themesh.com /his22.html (1315 words)

	Western Electric History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In the 1980's, Victor Kiam became one of the most recognized executives in corporate America through a series of advertisements in which he explained his purchase of the Remington Company as the act of an extremely satisfied customer.
		When a corporation purchases a supplier, it is called backward integration--and that is what Bell Telephone did with Western Electric.
		Thus was born the organization that would become Bell Laboratories, the greatest corporate research organization in the world.
	www.bellsystemmemorial.com /westernelectric_history.html (13004 words)

	Jetta Goudal
		She signed with Distinctive Pictures Corporation and shortly was to be seen as The Ayah in support of George Arliss in the first screen version of his great stage hit, The Green Goddess.
		Clad in delicate saris as a servant in Arliss' Hindu palace, she is assigned to minister to the wants of Alice Joyce, one of a group of British who are forced to land in the domain of Arliss, an English-hating, suave and villainous Rajah.
		In the Vitaphone Variety titled China Lady, she has proved that a foreign accent is no bar to acting in English-speaking films.
	www.classicimages.com /1999/september99/goudal.htm (8061 words)

	Lake Forest College Library: New Books & Media
		Dangerous business [videorecording] / a Frontline coproduction with the New York Times and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation ; WGBH Educational Foundation ; produced by Neil Docherty, David Rummel ; written by Lowell Bergman & David Rummell and Linden 2003.
		Dynasty [videorecording] : the Nehru-Gandhi story / produced and directed by Mark Anderson and Charles Bruce ; a coproduction by WGBH/Boston and Brook Associates in association with BBC and Canal Plus.
		His girl Friday [videorecording] / Columbia Pictures Corporation ; screenplay by Charles Lederer ; produced and directed by Howard Hawks.
	www.lib.lfc.edu /books/media/video.html (12970 words)

	Work on the Jazz Singer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Al Jolson which was originally intended to be a silent film with some musical sequences.
		Film historians consider it to have been a cinematic landmark and in financial terms alone it was a massive success.
		Produced by Warners and the Vitaphone Corporation for $500,000 and directed by Alan Crossland, it premiered on October 6th 1927 and grossed $2,500,000 at the box office.
	www.georgegroves.org.uk /page4/jazzsinger.html (721 words)

	VH1.com : Movies : The Adventure Shop : Plot
		Newspaper cartoonist Bud Fisher penned the exotically titled short story The Green Gullabaloo, which was committed to film in 1918 (for 1919 release) under the title The Adventure Shop.
		of the silent screen, stars in this 5 reel programmer, filmed at Vitagraph's Flatbush studios (later the home of Warner Bros' Vitaphone corporation.) Griffith plays a society girl who, looking for thrills, poses as a tough "underworld" character.
		She is rescued by her wealthy husband Walter McGrail, who proves he's not the tea-and-crumpets type she'd assumed him to be.
	www.vh1.com /movies/movie/50857/plot.jhtml (175 words)

	Don Juan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		To be fair to all, we will either offer the movie on a first-come, first-serve basis, or place the movie on our auction site if there are a high number of requests.
		The first silent film released with vitaphone music and sound effects.
		The classic swashbuckler is presented with its opening night program of rare shorts.
	www.videoflicks.com /titles/1029/1029557.htm (392 words)

	List of original defendants in the Paramount case - complete list of Hollywood big shots
		It was a frustrating experience for Chaplin, Pickford, and Fairbanks, as their names were the most recognizable on the list, and received the most publicity in the national news in July 1938.
		RKO Radio Pictures, Inc., Keith Adbee-Orpheum Corporation, Pathe News, Inc.; the Van Beuren Corporation; RKO Proctor Corporation, RKO Midwest Corporation, Leo Spitz, Ned E. Depinet, William Mallard, William H. Clark, Jules Levy, George N.
		Vitagraph.Inc., the Vitaphone Corporation, Warner Brothers Circuit Management Corporation, Harry M. Warner, Albert Warner, Jack L. Warner, Sam E. Morris, Herman Starr, Stanleigh P. Freidman, Robert W. Perkins, Joseph Bernhard, Gradwell L. Sears, Samuel Carlisle, Waddill Catchings, Charles S. Guggenheimer, Morris Wolf, S. Charles Einfield, and W. Stewart McDonald, all of the Warner group.
	www.cobbles.com /simpp_archive/paramountdoc_1938list.htm (587 words)

	Looney Tunes
		Behind it there is the drawing of a flag, "waving" so it looks like it is in 3 sections.
		Under “Looney Tunes,” it reads “A Hugh Harman-Rudolf Ising Musical Cartoon.” “Producer” also was back then as “Associate Producer.” Above the sign is the WB and Vitaphone text without the WB shield.
		Later on, "VITAPHONE" is changed to "WARNER BROS." And "Presents" is changed to "Present".
	members.fortunecity.com /teamfx2000/media/logodescription/children/looneytunes.htm (2311 words)

	1926 Chronicle
		The aim of the company is to continue research in the field of sound in close relationship with Western Electric.
		However, the feature project, directed by Alan Crosland, was overshadowed by the Vitaphone concert attractions that include singer Giovanni Martinelli and Marion Tally, Mischa Elman on the violin, and a short introductory speech, recorded by Will H. Hays, the president of MPPDA.
		The natural reproduction of voices, the tonal quality of musical instruments and the timing of the sound to the lips of singers and actions of musicians was almost uncanny." In fact during the past year, Warners has invested almost $3 million in its experiments with sound, and is only now beginning to reap the benefits.
	theoscarsite.com /chronicle/1926c.htm (2956 words)

	The Jazz Singer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Produced by Warner Bros. and the Vitaphone Corporation for $500,000, released in 1927 by Warner Bros. and grossed $2,500,000, Academy 4:3 screen ratio in fl and white, mono sound, 88 mins.
		This film was not the first sound film.
		Eugene Lauste made sound films 1910-1914, Edison made kinetophone films in 1913, Western Electric showed "The Audion" at Yale on Oct. 27, 1922, and made "Hawthorne: in 1924, Warner made the Vitaphone short "The Volga Boatman" May 24, 1926, and released "Don Juan" on August 6, 1926.
	history.acusd.edu /gen/filmnotes/jazzsingernotes.html (327 words)

	Film, Video and Audio Collections
		Corporate Creator: Columbia Pictures (Thrills of Music, Series 2, Vol.
		Descriptive Summary: an excerpt from an early talkie with occasional glimpses of Florenz Ziegfeld sitting in the theatre watching.
		Corporate Creator: distributed by the National Film Board of Canada
	americanhistory.si.edu /archives/d4491-3.htm (2976 words)

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