The mind body problem

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	Mind-body problem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The mind-body problem, to put it as generically and broadly as possible, is this question: "What is the basic relationship between the mental and the physical?" For the sake of simplicity, we can state the problem in terms of mental and physical events.
		The mind-body problem examines the relationship between the human body and the mind.
		The mind-body problem can be introduced more fully with the following example.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_mind-body_problem (2347 words)

	THE MIND-BODY PROBLEM
		In the case of the mind-body problem, this means that Aristotelian thinking never died and was perpetuated, for example, in the study of living phenomena ('biology' is a nineteenth-century term).
		The strength of the theory lies in its candour: psychophysical parallelists simply shrug their shoulders at the problem of interaction while making full use of the rich languages of mind and body.
		The attempt to retain a simple dichotomy between mind and body is also hard to maintain in the face of recent studies of psychosomatic symptoms.
	human-nature.com /rmyoung/papers/pap102h.html (3659 words)

	Introduction
		If the distinction between intangible and unextended mind and tangible and extended physical nature is maintained, however, the mind/body problem is also the problem of the relation of the mind to the world around us.
		Much of the intellectual history of psychology as both a scientific and a clinical enterprise has involved the attempt to come to grips with these two problems of mind and body.
		So phrased, this contradiction constitutes one half of the mind/body problem -- that of the relation of mind to brain.
	serendip.brynmawr.edu /Mind/Intro.html (434 words)

	mind-body problem - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about mind-body problem
		Dualism asserts the distinctness of mind and body.
		The idealist and the materialist views are both monist views – that is, that body and mind are one substance (monism).
		Epiphenomenalism is the theory that mind has distinctive and irreducible qualities but no power over the body.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /mind-body+problem (257 words)

	The Mind-Body Problem
		Strout (1996) believes that this explanation best resolves the problem of multiple copies of a person's mind, but he still can't escape the first explanation (A=B), which he himself condemned as inadequate to address the issue, because A and B are still the same at the instant A is copied.
		The holistic health movement grows out of a critique of the mechanical one-sided view of the body that has ruled the medical field, and refers to the belief that mind and body are so intimately connected that one's state of mind actually influences one's physical health.
		The biofeedback phenomenon is strong evidence for the mind's connection to the body.
	www.geocities.com /NapaValley/1517/mindbody.html (6716 words)

	The Mind-Body Problem
		In the Middle Ages, the mind-body problem was not even identified as a problem, and, therefore, the "solution" then was completely confounded, meaning that mind and body were thoroughly bound up together in one complex and confusing bundle.
		Those speculations get to the heart of the mind-body problem, namely where does reality lie?
		These are some of the many aspects of the mind-body problem.
	peace.saumag.edu /faculty/Kardas/Courses/GPWeiten/C1Intro/MindBody.html (792 words)

	Nagel: Mind and Body
		Though the problem was famously formulated as a dualism by Descartes [See footnote 2] in terms of a metaphysics of substances and properties this metaphysical framework can and has sustained a variety of ways of dealing with the seeming incompatibility of the material and the mental.
		Paradoxes and problems emerge in both cases only when we are tempted to project the character of manifestations back onto the world, forgetting that in both cases these are manifestations to/in a particular kind of apparatus.
		If this scheme is adopted there is no longer a problem to be solved: namely, how do molecular states produce sensations, since both molecular states and sensations are affordances to different means of access to 'whatever-it-is'.
	www.massey.ac.nz /~alock/virtual/uffe.htm (9099 words)

	Cognitive Science - The Mind Body Problem
		Philosophers were grappling with the mind-body problem even before Descartes’ time.
		It is still wondered today whether the mind and the body are two separate entities, or whether the mind is part of the body.
		Then again, there may be a “mind” in addition to the brain that is responsible for some aspects of cognition (such as consciousness), and that does not die when the body does.
	www.richmond.edu /~pli/teaching/psy333/philo_mindbd.html (494 words)

	The Mind-Body Problem: Toward a Second-Best Solution
		“Mind-Body Identity, Privacy, and Categories” in Rosenthal, David M. (ed.), Materialism and the Mind-Body Problem.
		It seems that if we accept his conclusion, we have no more reason to adopt his naturalistic presuppositions about what an acceptable solution to the mind-body problem must be like than any of many other possibilities.
		Folk psychology both sets the problems and suggests terms of solutions for the problems that must be addressed by an adequate theory of the mind.
	personal.bgsu.edu /~roberth/physx.html (3818 words)

	Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind - mind-body problem
		mind-body problem - Most generally, the problem of describing the relationship between the mind and body (or brain).
		Perhaps the oldest problem in the philosophy of mind, the mind-body problem dates back at least to Plato.
		Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind - mind-body problem
	www.artsci.wustl.edu /~philos/MindDict/mindbody.html (339 words)

	Buddhism and Science
		He adds that if we knew T, then we have a constructive solution to the mind-body problem.
		All these refer to the elusive relationship between the body and the mind referred to more generally as the brain mind problem.
		Psychologists often speak of the mind and the body as two separate entities for convenience, but most acknowledge that they are intimately entwined.
	www.beyondthenet.net /misc/science4.htm (4172 words)

	Is the Mind Physical? : Philosophy of the Mind-Body Problem
		Others say that the mind is related to the brain in a more subtle way: that mental events are not simply the same thing as brain events, but that the mind is 'immanent' in, or 'supervenient' on, neural activity.
		A basic problem for the identity theory is that although neural activity is spread out in space, the stream of consciousness at any moment is a unity.
		While the cells are firing, it is indeterminate in whose mind the pain occurs, or indeed whether it is occurs in anyone's mind.
	easyweb.easynet.co.uk /~ursa/philos/phinow2.htm (3751 words)

	The Mind-Body Problem
		Descartes thinks that the mind and body are two separate substances which interact (hence, “dualistic interactionism.” Also called “substance dualism”).
		A “no” answer, these days, implies some sort of “materialism” – the belief that although minds are distinct, there has to be some way to explain them in terms of physical states (you could say that material things don’t exist, but nobody takes this position seriously any more)
		Descartes’ First Argument: The Mind is better known than the body
	personal.ecu.edu /hullg/intro/MindBody.htm (1693 words)

	mind/body problem
		These questions constitute the mind/body problem, which Schopenhauer, quite rightly I think, referred to as "the world knot." But these are vague questions, and it is my aim here to clarify what they are asking and why it is a philosophical problem.
		If this paper has a theme, it is that, unfortunately, the mind/body problem is alive and well.
		Now, I think that the mind/body problem can be viewed as a paradox resulting from the conflicting claims of these five statements, and the various theories of the mind/body relationship can be viewed as attempts each to deny one or more of the above theses.
	www.user-friendly.net /articles/mind.htm (2783 words)

	Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind - dualism
		If a convincing rejection of dualism can be formulated, the classic mind-body problem will be solved by its becoming a non-problem and the materialist approach of modern science will be vindicated.
		It is this question that must be answered to solve the classic mind-body problem.
		Philosophers of mind have, for the past ten years begun to seriously question the possibility that science will be able to close the explanatory gap between the brain and our conscious experience, or qualia (termed the 'hard problem' by Chalmers).
	www.artsci.wustl.edu /~philos/MindDict/dualism.html (975 words)

	Mind Body Problem
		It is clear, however, that traditional views of materialism are most inconsistent with the new paradigm and that the mind body problem is fundamentally recast.
		The mind body problem has often been approached within the framework of materialism or dualism.
		Pribram (1986), for example, advocated a neutral monism, in which mind and matter both exist and interact.
	www.angelfire.com /ma3/holoweb/page12.html (250 words)

	eBay - body problem, Nonfiction Books, Fiction Books items on eBay.com
		The Enigma of the Mind : The Mind-Body Problem in Co...
		Body and Mind in Old Age and Decay: Problems in Deme...
		The Body/Body Problem by Arthur C. Danto (2001)
	search-desc.ebay.com /search/search.dll?query=body+problem&newu=1&krd=1 (501 words)

	The Mind-Body Problem
		Dualism: the mind is distinct from the body.
		Therefore, the mind is not identical to the body.
		The Identity Theory: the mind is identical to the body.
	www.uwyo.edu /moffett/courses/phil1000/lecture20.html (719 words)

	ScienceDaily: Mind body problem
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	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/mind_body_problem (905 words)

	BBC - Radio 4 In Our Time - The Mind/Body Problem
		BBC - Radio 4 In Our Time - The Mind/Body Problem
		This thinking is the basis of what's known as 'Cartesian dualism', Descartes' attempt to address one of the central questions in philosophy, the mind/body problem: is the mind part of the body, or the body part of the mind?
		Although the whole mind seems to be united to the whole body, I recognize that if a foot or an arm or any other part of the body is cut off nothing has thereby been taken away from the mind".
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio4/history/inourtime/inourtime_20050113.shtml (335 words)

	Philosophical Dictionary: Mesos-Misericordiam
		What Am I? Descartes and the Mind-Body Problem
		Mind in a Physical World: An Essay on the Mind-Body Problem and Mental Causation
		The Enigma of the Mind: The Mind-Body Problem in Contemporary Thought
	www.philosophypages.com /dy/m7.htm (998 words)

	Dualism: Papers
		The mind-brain problem, which is still with us, raises the question as to whether the mind is no more than the idle side-effect of our brain processes or whether the mind can, in some degree, influence behaviour.
		They took the view that mind alone, or, at any rate, the ideas that were regarded as the constituents of mind, could be known with certainty; matter and material objects, on the contrary, could be known only indirectly, as the putative causes of our sense-experience or alternatively as constructs of our physical theories.
		Having in a previous paper given my reasons for doubting whether there could be a physical explanation for psi, I now argue that, since this disposes of physicalism the existence of psi, if it does exist, leaves us with no viable option other than radical dualism.
	moebius.psy.ed.ac.uk /~dualism/papers (265 words)

	mind-body problem -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Metaphysical problem of the relationship between mind and body.
		In more recent metaphysics less has been heard of the soul and more of the mind; the old problem of the relationship of soul and body is now that of the relationship of mind and body.
		mind-body problem -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9372203 (1004 words)

	Descartes and the "Mind/Body Problem"
		Descartes tried to answer this problem by suggesting that the mind and the body connected via the pineal gland of the brain.
		By eliminating spiritual substance from the equation they dissolve the mind/body problem.
		Secondly, he tells us that the mind is commingled with the body and that the commingling takes place via one point in the brain.
	trill.cis.fordham.edu /~gsas/philosophy/mindbodyproblem.htm (643 words)

	The Mind/ Body Problem
		In this exhibition, the Mind/Body Problem stands for the disconnect between concepts and actions, processes and objects, as well as perception and interpretation in the works of nine emerging artists, all selected from unsolicited submissions to Artists Space during the last eighteen months.
		The Mind/Body Problem engages the basic relationship between mental and physical events.
	www.artistsspace.org /exhibitions/current_exhibition_bottom.html (287 words)

	The Mind/Body Problem
		The Mind/Body Problem - Lecture Notes for 10/14-10/19
		Therefore, my mind is more intimately connected with me than my body, and thus my mind has a property (the property of being essentially connected to me) that my body lacks.
		If my mind has at least one different property than my body, then my mind cannot be identical to my body.
	www-unix.oit.umass.edu /~storre/phil100/dualism.htm (775 words)

	THE MIND-BODY PROBLEM with JULIAN ISAACS, Ph.D.
		And yet, if you talk of mind as being some nonphysical entity which is associated with the body, the whole issue of how that association takes place, and where do minds come from, arises.
		I'm saying that the attempt to reduce mind to just being the brain seems to have failed in some way, and that the philosophers are aware of that.
		But he thought that on a more fundamental level of existence of the universe, in order for mind and matter to simply interact at all, there must be some more fundamental substratum which was the ground in which that interaction occurred.
	www.intuition.org /txt/isaacs.htm (3428 words)

	There Is Only One Mind/Body Problem
		The original mother of all mind/body problems was simply enough stated: It was a persistent conceptual difficulty we all had with equating mental and physical states -- with squaring the felt quality of pain, for example, with any functional or neurophysiological story anyone might tell us.
		Harnad, S. (1992) There Is Only One Mind/Body Problem.
		This successful demonstration would on the face of it seem to count in favor of the independence of the aboutness problem from the qualia problem, and hence it would seem to support, rather than refute, the existence of more than one mind/body problem.
	www.ecs.soton.ac.uk /~harnad/Papers/Harnad/harnadXX.one.mind.body.problem.html (3877 words)

	The Mind-Body Problem - Watching the President's Council on Bioethics. By William Saletan
		The council is a ridiculous paradox: an almost completely ignored and powerless body that happens to be debating the most consequential events of our day.
		This isn't much of a problem, since the person is ignored.
		The paper is so central, and the person so immaterial, that when Cole loses his place in the text on two occasions, the council endures half a minute of silence while he struggles to get back on script.
	www.slate.com /id/2110577 (1191 words)

	The Mind-Body Problem
		Armstrong, D. "The Nature of Mind." The Mind/Brain Identity Theory.
		Broad, C. The Mind and Its Place in Nature.
		"Minds, Brains and Programs." The Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3 (1980).
	access.nku.edu /garns/tkr/TKR4.asp (204 words)

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