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	The public scandal of the Dreyfus Affair - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Contrary to their expectation and to that of the public the Criminal Court admitted the plea on the formal ground that the complaint should have been lodged by the court martial which had been slandered, and not by the minister of war.
		The chief spokesman of this group was Godfrey Cavaignac, descended from a former candidate for the presidency of the republic, and himself suspected of a similar ambition.
		Brisson remained completely unacquainted with the "affaire"; but his minister of war was Godfrey Cavaignac, who would be of use to him as a security with regard to the Nationalists, and leave him full power on this delicate question.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/The_public_scandal_of_the_Dreyfus_Affair (3440 words)

	Learn more about Dreyfus affair in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Dreyfus Affair was a political cover-up which divided France for many years in the late 19th century.
		Dreyfus was, in fact, innocent: the conviction rested on false documents, and when high-ranking officers realised this they attempted to cover up the mistakes.
		Dreyfus was pardoned in 1899, readmitted into the army, and made a knight in the Legion of Honour.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /d/dr/dreyfus_affair.html (552 words)

	affair. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
		An occurrence, event, or matter: The senator's death was a tragic affair.
		A matter causing public scandal and controversy: the Dreyfus affair.
		affair, business, concern, lookout These nouns denote something that involves one personally: I won't comment on that; it's not my affair.
	www.bartleby.com /61/98/A0119800.html (197 words)

	Dreyfus affair. The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. 2002
		Dreyfus was falsely convicted of betraying French military secrets and was sentenced to life imprisonment.
		French society was deeply divided over Dreyfus, with liberals, including Émile Zola and Georges Clemenceau, arguing that he was innocent, and conservatives defending the French military authorities.
		Dreyfus was eventually cleared of all charges, reinstated in the army with a promotion, and publicly honored.
	www.bartleby.com /59/10/dreyfusaffai.html (199 words)

	First, it is necessary to draw distinctions between the two periods of the Dreyfus Affair
		Eventually, the Dreyfus Affair would serve to discredit, at the very least, the Army, the Church, and anti-Semitism, and there would be an especially blatant shift of power to the left.
		Dreyfus, with his gifted military capabilities thought that they would best serve him in terms of upward mobility, and when he would eventually be arrested for treason, this lack of sympathy among his superiors would most definitely cost him.
		The very nature of the Dreyfus Affair would be centered around public opinion, and it was no accident that rural and poor areas lacking press influence due to limitations in circulation, would throughout the entire process be immune from the hysteria the press would often times incite.
	www.harwich.edu /depts/history/HHJ/drey.html (7828 words)

	Alfred Dreyfus -=SKYGAZE=- Interesting Facts, The Strange and Unexplained, Mysteries and Secrets
		It was, however, only the beginning of what would become known as the Dreyfus affair, a shocking miscarriage of justice that preoccupied, bitterly divided, and nearly immobilized the army and government of France for the next 12 years.
		Handwriting on a report Dreyfus had filed the previous year, it was next discovered, bore a superficial resemblance to that of the bordereau.
		A public trial was demanded since, as another newspaper claimed, one in private would "only serve to prolong the scandal." But when Dreyfus appeared before the seven military judges of a court martial on December 19, the public was excluded at the first defense mention of "the sole piece of evidence," the bordereau.
	www.skygaze.com /content/mysteries/AlfredDreyfus.shtml (2006 words)

	France at War - The Dreyfus Case and the French 75
		Dreyfus had no links whatsoever with an intercepted "list" or "bordereau", of French military documents which was later to be addressed to the German military attaché in Paris, Colonel Maximilian Von Schwartzkoppen, in the fall of 1894.
		Captain Dreyfus' Alsatian connection, artillery training and the lame charge that the handwriting on the "bordereau" -- although interpreted at the time as probably disguised -- was likely to be his, led to his arrest.
		Alfred Dreyfus was rushed to judgment and unjustly condemned because War Minister General Mercier had believed the falsehoods concocted by Sandherr and Henry, and because some of the graphology experts had inaccurately concluded that the author of the "borderau" was Captain Dreyfus.
	www.worldwar1.com /france/dreyfus.htm (2248 words)

	BRA(11:1) The Rights to a Jury Trial, Fair Trial, Free Press, Media, Dreyfus Affair, Jazz-Age Journalism, Arbuckle, Sex ...
		The public and prospective jurors are often aware of the details of a crime even before a trial has begun.
		Before being shipped to Devil’s Island, the army put Dreyfus through a humiliating ceremony known as a "degradation." In front of assembled troops, scores of journalists, and 20,000 citizens, he was stripped of his military insignia and his sword was broken in half.
		Dreyfus, who eventually rose to the rank of major, stayed in the army until retirement and even returned to serve his country during World War I. He died on July 11, 1935, and was buried on Bastille Day, the French patriotic holiday.
	www.crf-usa.org /bria/bria11_1.html (5341 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The Dreyfus Affair Fifty Years Later (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		...Just before his public eulogy of France, James had expressed his private disgust with the Caillaux case ("what a family and what a trial"), in which the finance minister's wife, after murdering a journalist who had vilified her husband and herself, was triumphantly acquitted...
		...In the course of the Affair, when the antiDreyfusards were still triumphant, it had been their claim that the proceedings had been substantially just and that the objections to them were technicalities...
		...Dreyfus and Picquart were reinstated as army officers, and Picquart became minister of war in the Clemenceau cabinet, Clemenceau had meant to improve military courts, but a series of violent strikes accompanied by mutinies made it seem inadvisable to undertake radical reforms...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V21I1P31-1.htm (4614 words)

	THE DREYFUS AFFAIR
		And so it was that Counsel for Dreyfus summed up only on the matter of the bordereau, and did not realise that the Judges had access to a dossier of apparently damming evidence.
		Dreyfus was convicted of treason and sentenced to life in exile on Devil’s Island.
		Waldeck-Rousseau’s reforms dealt with the root cause of the Dreyfus affair, and France regained the respect of democratic nations.
	www.users.bigpond.com /burnside/dreyfus.htm (1562 words)

	[No title]
		The particular affair - of the Dreyfus affair - generated so much collective enthusiasm and, conversely, so much collective disapproval because it questioned values that were/are part of the French political memory, while at the same time giving them a new historical sense, in a precise context.
		Even so, very soon after the Dreyfus affair, the theme of the end of the intellectuals and of their treason began to appear in the political debate.
		The parallelism with the central debate of the Dreyfus affair is reinforced by similar discussions in Germany, centered round the evaluation of the Nazi past and national identity before and after unification.
	www.unc.edu /depts/europe/conferences/ACLS98/charle.html (3527 words)

	America's Dreyfus Affair1
		Dreyfus was in a position, or at least almost so, to have been the sender, and he seemed just the right type of quiet, unsociable, stiff, cold, generally disliked person to be capable of the dastardly deed.
		The eventual exoneration of Dreyfus, to take a novel approach, might be seen as a sign of the first tiny glimmering of Jewish media power in the West, but they were as yet too weak to have pulled it off without truth, and certain key, brave adherents to truth on their side.
		The Dreyfus Affair is also duly famous for the role played in working for justice for the falsely convicted man by France's famous intellectual class.
	www.fbicover-up.com /dreyfus/dreyfus1.htm (20400 words)

	Absinthe Books at The Virtual Absinthe Museum: Zola and the Dreyfus Affair (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Fresh from the Dreyfus Affair, it was not surprising that Edouard Drumont, editor of the virulently anti-semitic
		Dreyfus, a Jewish artillery officer in the French army.
		Dreyfus was, in fact, innocent: the conviction rested on
	www.oxygenee.com /absinthe-BOOKS7.html (343 words)

	America's Dreyfus Affair: Part 4
		Publicity usually takes money, and Dreyfus’ case emerged from its initial first couple of years of obscurity not because of any organized Jewish effort, but because the Dreyfus family had money, and the dedicated older brother, Mathieu, was determined to spend as much as it took to get justice for Alfred.
		The Dreyfus family was from Alsace, and though they were culturally French right to the bone, their textile factory still operated there even though the region had become a part of Germany as a result of the humiliating defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.
		Dreyfus’ strong French patriotism, which was a major motivation for his choosing the military career, was for others, not the least of whom were fellow Jews, just another good reason to suspect him.
	www.aci.net /kalliste/dreyfus4.htm (6633 words)

	Dreyfus Affair - January 5th 1895
		Dreyfus was sentenced to serve out his time at the dreaded Devil's Island, a brutal French penal colony off the coast of South America.
		The “Dreyfus Affair” had a major impact on France as a nation, pitting the republicans, radicals and socialists against the church and army.
		The Dreyfus Affair was the catalyst that inspired Herzl to write The Jewish State, which would become the “manifesto” or center point of the rise of modern Zionism.
	www.wzo.org.il /en/resources/view.asp?id=890 (1463 words)

	The Dreyfus Affair
		The affair centres on captain Alfred Dreyfus, an artillery officer in the French army, and his wrongful imprisonment for treason in 1894.
		Dreyfus came under suspicion, probably because he was a Jew and also because he had access to the type of information that had been supplied to the German agent.
		The army authorities declared that Dreyfus’ handwriting was similar to that on the papers.
	www.radessays.com /link.php?site=re&aff=r2c2&dest=viewpaper.php?request=3702 (258 words)

	Gabriel Hanotaux, The Dreyfus Affair, and How London Orchestrated the Destruction of the Franco-German Alliance
		London's point of view was exemplified by the publication in 1881 by James Rothschild of French sociologist Gustave Le Bon's polemics against "assimilation" in the colonies.
		In the very early stages of what was to become the Dreyfus Affair, before anything had been made public, Hanotaux intervened in a secret Council of Ministers meeting called by the Minister of War to brief the Cabinet on what purported to be a shocking spy scandal.
		As everyone now knows, the innocent Captain Dreyfus was to be made the scapegoat in this affair: everything from forgeries, with-holding of exculpatory evidence and rocket-docket style trials were going to be used to convict a man who had not the slightest connection to the spying incident in question.
	members.tripod.com /american_almanac/hanot91.htm (3129 words)

	Peter Lefcourt - The Dreyfus Affair
		Very loosely based on "The Dreyfus Affair" in France, this is the story of the love affair between the star shortstop and second baseman of a major league baseball team and how organized baseball deals with this public relations Chernobyl.
		Randy Dreyfus is a blond, blue eyed, six-foot-four-inch future Hall of Famer with The Los Angeles Valley Vikings, an expansion team in, at the time the book was written, the near future.
		When this picture is made public, America is shaken with a scandal that rivals the real Dreyfus Affair a hundred years ago in France.
	www.peterlefcourt.com /work3.htm (367 words)

	Victorian Studies--OSCAR WILDE AND THE DREYFUSAFFAIR
		The dramatic change in the tide of affairs which led to the suicide of Colonel Henry [protector of the guilty Commandant Esterhazy] was planned by Zola and--Oscar Wilde.
		Blacker's troubles over Dreyfus were the result of the extraordinary hidden role that he came to play in the Dreyfus affair as friend and trusted confidant of Colonel Alessandro Panizzardi, the Italian military attaché in Paris (fig.
		When the Dreyfus case broke in November 1897 with the public accusation of Esterhazy by Dreyfus's brother, Schwartzkoppen was immediately recalled to Berlin.
	iupjournals.org /victorian/vic41-1.html (8211 words)

	This Day in History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		French officer Alfred Dreyfus, condemned for passing military secrets to the Germans, is stripped of his rank in a humiliating public ceremony in the courtyard of Paris' Ecole Militaire.
		Meanwhile, out of the scandal a perilous national division was born, in which nationalists and members of the Catholic Church supported the military, while republicans, socialists, and advocates of religious freedom lined up to defend Dreyfus.
		The debacle of the Dreyfus affair brought about greater liberalization in France, a reduction in the power of the military, and a formal separation of church and state.
	www.historychannel.com /tdih/tdih.jsp?month=10272953&day=10272970&cat=10272946 (444 words)

	Anti-Semitism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In 1782, Joseph II abolished most of persecution practices in his Toleranzpatent, on the condition that Yiddish and Hebrew are eliminated from public records and judicial autonomy is annulled.
		The Dreyfus affair was a political scandal which divided France for many years during the late 19th century.
		It centered on the 1894 treason conviction of Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer in the French army.
	anti-semitism.iqnaut.net (5966 words)

	America's Dreyfus Affair
		Instead, the public was told by a spokesman that the long-delayed report on the underlying investigation had been duly submitted to the three-judge panel that appointed Starr, and the Office of the Independent Counsel could not say when or if the report would be made public.
		His public position is that it was not the neck wound that Arthur said in sworn testimony that he saw on the side of the neck.
		So, in the final analysis, America's Dreyfus Affair is like the original in that it involves a frightful abuse of power by those in the executive branch and much of the ruling establishment.
	www.aci.net /kalliste/dreyfus2.htm (12391 words)

	The Ghosts of Alfred Dreyfus
		Theodor Herzl, at the time a young journalist writing from Paris, later credited the Dreyfus Affair for convincing him that the Jews were not safe in the Diaspora and that they needed their own state.
		In June 1899, thanks to tireless lobbying by the Dreyfus family and a handful of intellectuals on the left, the case was reopened.
		Pascal Clément, the French minister of justice, recently called Dreyfus "the symbol of all victims of Justice, but also of the recognition by Justice of its errors." On this anniversary, then, a wish for the continued pursuit of such recognition, for the errors are still being committed.
	www.forward.com /articles/8056 (1769 words)

	America's Dreyfus Affair: Part 5
		The whole purpose was to gain publicity for the families in their attempt to obtain justice for their lost loved ones, but the publicity was not forthcoming.
		Thus does Ruddy burnish the obverse of the line he and both his public supporters and detractors have cultivated in the Foster case, that it is all a matter of right-wing versus left-wing.
		As with the Dreyfus Affair, the principal enabler of tyrannical actions is a press that is in league with a corrupt government.
	www.fbicover-up.com /dreyfus/dreyfus5.htm (15116 words)

	FT March 2002: The Public Square (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Also, this reflection might be helpful in evaluating other stories of clerical sexual scandal, stories that reached a crescendo with what everybody came to recognize as the slanderous charges against the late Joseph Cardinal Bernardin of Chicago and that have since then been on the wane.
		We should have no illusion that such scandal is a thing of the past, however, as witness the recent court proceedings against a priest of the Archdiocese of Boston.
		What cannot be respected are the publications of the left that express outrage at any official criticism of their favored authors while remaining silent about the ban imposed on those with whom they disagree.
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft0203/public.html (15570 words)

	America's Dreyfus Affair: Part 6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The host of extremely serious scandals associated with the president could all be boiled down to the relatively trivial illicit sex question, a monumental distraction or changing of the subject, and the system could be made to appear to be working by, in effect, coming half clean about the president’s corruption.
		The public would not have been so ripe for distraction and "confession and avoidance," however, had all the other techniques not been practiced on them throughout, not the least of which is the latest we are adding to the list, plain old lying.
		In "Dreyfus 1" I speculated that one reason might be that they didn’t hear what they wanted to hear from the family concerning Vince’s "depression," his inclination toward suicide.
	www.orlingrabbe.com /dreyfus6.htm (12881 words)

	Franklingate Timeline ..is Plamegate..is Treasongate, at NewsFollowUp, TransparencyPlanet
		When the American public finally connects (1) Plamegate, (2) the AIPAC / Franklin /Rosen / Weissman indictment and (3) Bush's 2003 State of the Union lies about Niger yellow cake, then finally we could see the resignation of Bush...
		The same Sunday morning that the tubes story was splattered on the front page of the Times, the Bush administration dispatched the vice president, the national security advisor, and the secretary of state, to elevate the buzz on the network talk shows.
		A false story had been planted, was given credibility by a leading publication, and then the people who benefited from the one-sided information appeared on national television to corroborate the value of their bad evidence.
	www.franklingate.com (4319 words)

	Balkinization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		On Monday, the Senate began consideration of several amendments to the annual Defense Authorization Act that would codify certain standards for interrogation of detainees in what was the Global War on Terror (but what is apparently to be known henceforth as the (perpetual) "Global Struggle Against Violent Extremism").
		Reading these memoranda, crafted by the senior-most echelon of the nation's uniformed JAG corps, one can only be filled with admiration for the professionalism, vision and courage of the authors.
		It has taken a year for documents to emerge in this scandal that reflect the work of honest, conscientious, prudent lawyers and soldiers at the Defense Department.
	balkin.blogspot.com /2005/07/heroes-of-pentagons-interrogation.html (3862 words)

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