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	Themistius Summary
		Themistius produced a number of works in which he paraphrased the earlier philosophers as a means of making their thought accessible to a larger audience.
		Themistius is one of the principal Greek commentators on Aristotle.
		Themistius was respected by Aristotelian commentators in later antiquity, in the Arabic, Hebrew, and western medieval Latin tradition, as well as during the Renaissance.
	www.bookrags.com /Themistius (746 words)

	Themistius - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		THEMISTIUS (317 - ?387), named eukPpabiis (" eloquent"), statesman, rhetorician and philosopher, was born in Paphlagonia and taught at Constantinople, where, apart from a short sojourn in Rome, he resided during the rest of his life.
		Though a pagan, he was admitted to the senate by Constantius in 355.
		His paraphrases of Aristotle's Posterior Analytics, Physics and De Anima are valuable; but the orations in which he panegyrizes successive emperors, comparing them to Plato's "true philosopher," and even to the "idea" itself, are servile and unworthy.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Themistius (358 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 97.7.1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Themistius' texts were composed for teaching, and should be regarded as reflecting--and shaping--the intellectual demand of his audience, which likely differed from the audience of the more "professional" schools of philosophy.
		Themistius' Paraphrase is certainly one of the chief sources (both direct and indirect) of the medieval discussions of intellect.
		Themistius shares the programme of "harmonizing" Plato and Aristotle, which seems to be a fairly common take in the schools of the time.
	omega.cohums.ohio-state.edu /mailing_lists/BMCR-L/Mirror/1997/97.07.01.html (2564 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 97.8.18 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Themistius also wrote a protrepticus to Julian after the latter had been appointed Caesar in 355, and in his reply Julian refers to his studies with Themistius (though it is unclear whether Themistius was Julian's teacher in any formal sense).
		Such an approach to Themistius helps to account for the distinctive nature of his oratory: in his imperial orations, he usually began with an abstract discussion of a philosophical topic (such as justice) and subsequently worked in elements of panegyric (for example, by citing instances where the emperor fulfilled the ideal of justice).
		By contrast, it was precisely as a philosopher that Themistius engaged in public responsibilities; this led to not a little criticism, and he was frequently accused of sophistry and of debasing philosophy.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1997/97.08.18.html (1501 words)

	Joseph Kenny OP: THE HUMAN INTELLECT: THE JOURNEY OF AN IDEA FROM ARISTOTLE TO IBN-RUSHD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Themistius likens the agent intellect to "a craftsman, who embraces and shapes thoughts when he likes, for it is the maker and supplier of thoughts.
		Themistius affirms that the agent intellect is one for the whole human race, arguing that this is the only way to explain why many people can have the same ideas, since he sees no way that ideas can be individuated.
		We should realize that Themistius and most commentators are of the opinion that the intellect which is in us is composed of an intellect which is in potency and an intellect which is in act, that is, the agent intellect.
	www.diafrica.org /nigeriaop/kenny/phil/RushdInt.htm (5760 words)

	John Vanderspoel's Themistius
		Themistius frequently commented on imperial policy and was not always positive.
		Themistius was not a self-serving flatterer, but an energetic spokesman for his city and a keen observer of emperors and their policies.
		Themistius was heavily involved in the creation of this Senate and the enhancement of his city's importance.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~vandersp/dj.html (874 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 97.7.1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Themistius' texts were composed for teaching, and should be regarded as reflecting -- and shaping -- the intellectual demand of his audience, which likely differed from the audience of the more "professional" schools of philosophy.
		Themistius seems to be abreast of what counts as advanced and/or established in his contemporary schools, and so has to be, to a significant extent, a "metaphysical" Platonist, if not a Neoplatonist (see esp.
		The introduction gives a brief note on Themistius with an update on recent publications, a useful account of the genre of paraphrase in general and Themistius' method in particular, an explanation of some of the logistics of translation and a note on the Greek text.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1997/97.07.01.html (2540 words)

	Joseph Kenny OP: THE HUMAN INTELLECT: THE JOURNEY OF AN IDEA FROM ARISTOTLE TO IBN-RUSHD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Themistius likens the agent intellect to "a craftsman, who embraces and shapes thoughts when he likes, for it is the maker and supplier of thoughts.
		Themistius affirms that the agent intellect is one for the whole human race, arguing that this is the only way to explain why many people can have the same ideas, since he sees no way that ideas can be individuated.
		We should realize that Themistius and most commentators are of the opinion that the intellect which is in us is composed of an intellect which is in potency and an intellect which is in act, that is, the agent intellect.
	diafrica.org /nigeriaop/kenny/phil/RushdInt.htm (5749 words)

	A Manual of Greek Literature, page 542 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		themistius (©e/xio-rios),1 a distinguished philosopher and rhetorician, was a Paphlagonian, and flourished, first at Constantinople, and afterward at Rome, in the reigns of Constantine, Julian, Jovian, Valens, Gratian, and Theodosius.
		After holding various public offices, and being employed on many public embassies, he was made prefect of Constantinople by Theodosius, A.D. So great was the confidence reposed in him by Theodosius, that, though Themistius was a heathen, the emperor intrusted his son Arcadius to the tutorship of the philosopher.
		The life of Themistius probably did not extend beyond A.D. Besides the emperors, he numbered among his friends the chief orators and philosophers of the age, Christian as well as heathen.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /greek-lit/0555.html (366 words)

	[No title]
		THEMISTIUS (317--?387), named euOwli (" eloquent "), statesman, rhetorician and philosopher, was born in Paphlagonia and taught at Constantinople, where, apart from a short sojourn in Rome, he resided during the rest of his life.
		His paraphrases of Aristotle's Posterior Analytics, Physics and De Anima are valuable; but the orations in which he panegyrizes successive emperors, comparing them to Plato's " true philosopher," and even to the " idea " itself, are servile and unworthy.
		Against this, however, should be set the description given by Boetius, " disertissimus scriptor ac lucidus, et omnia ad facilitalem intelligentiae revocans," and that of Gregory Nazianzen—with whom Themistius corresponded—(3ao-tMw Xt ymv.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?locale=en&content_id=65342 (379 words)

	History of Medieval Philosophy 089 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Though remaining an ally of paganism, Themistius, who held public office, made some concessions to the new religion which his personal protectors, the princes, were patronizing.
		The commentaries of Themistius on Aristotle reveal the disciple of the Lyceum; without any hostility to Plato, he combats the innovations engrafted on Platonism by Neo-Platonism.
		Themistius had no immediate successors, and the philosophic movement at Constantinople lapsed into a slumber that lasted for centuries.
	www.nd.edu /Departments/Maritain/etext/homp089.htm (173 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1024 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		It was also while Valens was in Syria, that Themistius addressed to him an oration by which he persuaded him to cease from his persecution of the Catholic party.
		So great was the confidence reposed in him by Theodosius, that, though Themistius was a heathen, the emperor, when departing for the West to oppose jyiaximus, entrusted his son Arcadius to the tutorship of the philosopher, a.
		The earliest editions of Themistius contained only the philosophical works, in the Latin version of Hermolaus Barbarus, which was first published at Venice, 1481, fol., and reprinted, Venet.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/3358.html (1111 words)

	Byzantine Studies Conference: 1980 Abstracts
		Instead, he proposed that not only did Themistius not refuse Julian's offer but that, given their differences, the tendering of such a post by the prince to the philosopher would also have been impossible as well as inconceivable.
		What Themistius had turned down, then, was, according to Dagron's line of reasoning, the proconsulship of Constantinople, an office which, on the basis of Or.
		In any event, Themistius' collaboration with the "boorish" Constantius and his dissociation from the "charismatic" Julian indicates even among the pagan intelligentsia a reluctance to abandon the modernization process inaugurated by the Constantinian revolution as well as a resistance to the revitalization movement of Julian's counter-revolutionary effort.
	www.byzconf.org /1980abstracts.html (16872 words)

	Chapter Reigns Of Jovian And Valentinian, Division Of The Empire. of History of The Decline And Fall of The Roman ...
		The consternation of the Pagan world was dispelled by a wise and gracious edict of toleration; in which Jovian explicitly declared, that although he should severely punish the sacrilegious rites of magic, his subjects might exercise, with freedom and safety, the ceremonies of the ancient worship.
		The memory of this law has been preserved by the orator Themistius, who was deputed by the senate of Constantinople to express their royal devotion for the new emperor.
		Themistius expatiates on the clemency of the Divine Nature, the facility of human error, the rights of conscience, and the independence of the mind; and, with some eloquence, inculcates the principles of philosophical toleration; whose aid Superstition herself, in the hour of her distress, is not ashamed to implore.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/1/62/109/25667/2.html (865 words)

	Detail Page
		Subsequently, Themistius was a confidant and favorite of three Christian emperors, despite his own Paganism, and was the author of a letter to Julian to remind him in 361 of the duties of a king.
		A speech to Jovian in 363 celebrated the brief-reigning monarch's first consulship, followed by numerous addresses and panegyrics to Valens and later to Theodosius I. All of his oratory reflected his own views in favor of fair rule and toleration in religious matters.
		Themistius was also married twice, the second time to a Phrygian woman.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME1703 (348 words)

	Notes
		In conformity with his opinion that air did not have weight in its own place, Themistius maintained that wood was heavier in air since it consisted of a greater part of water and earth than lead.
		If Themistius were right -Borro thought- the air contained in the piece of wood would not have weight in air, and so it would not be able to push the body downward.
		If in the wood and in the lead there were the same force coming from water and earth, then -as Themistius wants- two pieces of wood and lead of the same weight would fall through air with the same speed.
	archimedes.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de /cgi-bin/mjschief/galileo/notes?key=1290102 (2694 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Themistius: Paraphrasis [...] In Aristotelis Posteriora, & Physica [...] Hermolao Barbaro [...] Interprete.
		Themistius intended to make Aristotle’s didactic writings - which were based on lecture notes not intended for publication - more accessible for his contemporaries by paraphrasing them using the conventional literary forms which were familiar to his readers.
		He was also a pagan, but despite this he was chosen as tutor to the future emperor Arcadius and was sometime Prefect of Constaninople.
	www.paralos.co.uk /cc/robots/1156.htm (193 words)

	Xenocrates (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		The motivation for this account of the soul, in both Aristotle and Themistius, is the explanation of how we can know things about the universe: the universe is derivative from those numbers, and so, if the soul is similarly derivative, the soul can know things under the principle that like things are known by like.
		Aristotle and Themistius both give separate mention to the account of the soul that is traditionally ascribed to Xenocrates: that it is a self-moving number (De anima 408b32-33; Themistius in 12.30-33; the ascription to Xenocrates is supported by a large number of texts gathered as frs.
		Themistius does not here tell us that this is Xenocrates' account, but he does later on (see esp. 32.19-34, which refers expressly to Xenocrates' On Nature book 5).
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/xenocrates (3851 words)

	John Vanderspoel's Themistius
		Themistius frequently commented on imperial policy and was not always positive.
		Themistius was not a self-serving flatterer, but an energetic spokesman for his city and a keen observer of emperors and their policies.
		Themistius was heavily involved in the creation of this Senate and the enhancement of his city's importance.
	www.acs.ucalgary.ca /~vandersp/dj.html (874 words)

	Aristotelian Epistemology
		Themistius distinguishes the active or agent intellect from the material or possible intellect.
		But, unlike Themistius' doctrine, Alexander's has it that the material intellect dies with the body, since it is part of the corruptible soul.
		Whereas Themistius and Alexander had three intellects (or at least three terms - the third intellect is just the result of the interaction of the other two), Alfarabi has no fewer than four intellects.
	www.granta.demon.co.uk /arsm/jg/arist-epist.html (7315 words)

	Heathen and Christian Apology
		Themistius likewise extols the policy of toleration, for the benefit of the Christian rulers, and declares that he who applies force in matters of religion robs man of that freedom which God has made his birthright.
		Finally, the excessive reverence paid to the Virgin and the saints could be pleaded as an ostensible justification of polytheism; and, if we may judge from the carefulness of Christian writers to deny that the saints were in any wise regarded as deities, the advocates of paganism did not fail to improve the opportunity afforded.
		Such was the case with Libanius and the contemporary rhetoricians, Themistius and Aurelius Symmachus; also with the philosophers, Proclus of Athens and Simplicius, belonging, the former to the fifth, and the latter to the sixth century.
	www.edwardtbabinski.us /sheldon/heathen_apology.html (3215 words)

	Research & Teaching
		(i) Seminar: "The Roles of Themistius and al-Farabi in development of the noetics of Averroes" and (ii) Seminar: "Averroes and Aquinas on intellect" hosted by the Commissio Leonina, at the Bibliotheque du Saulchoir, Paris, February 12, 2007.
		"Themistius and Averroes' Mature Teachings on Intellect," in the Aquinas and the Arabs Text Seminar Series, Marquette University, November 3, 2006.
		“Averroes and Themistius” at the Fourth Midwestern Conference in Medieval Philosophy, Loyola University of Chicago, October 14, 2006.
	homepage.mac.com /mistertea/education3.html (1753 words)

	Themistius - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		His paraphrases of Aristotle's Posterior Analytics, Physics and De Anima are valuable; but the orations in which he panegyrizes successive emperors, comparing them to Platos true philosopher, and even to the idea itself, are servile and unworthy.
		Against this, however, should be set the description given by Boëthius, disertissimus scriptor ad lucidus, et omnia ad facilitatem inteliigentiae revocans, and that of Gregory Nazianzen--with whom Themistius corresponded.
		Themistius's paraphrases of the De Caelo and of book A of the Metaphysics have reached us only through Hebrew versions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Themistius (347 words)

	Constantine: The Man and the Church
		Themistius was one of the most important officials inÂ Constantinople over a period of 40 years, from the reign of Constantineâs son, Constantius, until the reign of Theodosius at the end of the fourth century.
		Themistius was reputed to be quite open about his pagan beliefs and practices.
		Pagan writers were quick to point out the gaps and ambiguities in Eusebiusâs accounts ofÂ Constantine, to the point that Christian historians of subsequent centuries wrote histories to stop up the gaps and paper over the bishopâs inadequacies as a historian.
	www.vision.org /visionmedia/article.aspx?id=164 (1686 words)

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