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Topic: Theodotion

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	Hexapla
		Symmachus and Theodotion both flourished towards the end of the second century, but it is uncertain which had priority as translator.
		Theodotion, who was an Ebionite or a Jew, and perhaps had been a Christian, gave a version much closer than the others to the Septuagint.
		The fifth column, therefore, contained not the mere text of the Septuagint only, but in addition a translation taken generally from Theodotion (occasionally from Aquila) of these words or lines of the Hebrew which were lacking in the Septuagint.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/h/hexapla.html (1963 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - THEODOTION: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Theodotion's version is an elaboration of this Greek original; and his translation of the text of Daniel also is manifestly a working over of a previous Greek rendering.
		Theodotion omits verse 22b, while in verse 23 the simple statement is made that Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego (Septuagint has Azarias) had fallen bound into the heated furnace.
		In Bel and the Dragon Theodotion affects greater historical accuracy, giving details concerning names and dates that are not found in the Septuagint, where general statements, such as the "King of Babylon," predominate.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=180&letter=T (1046 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - BEL AND THE DRAGON: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Thus, in the Septuagint, besides the reference to a prophecy of Habakkuk, Daniel is called a priest, the son of Habal, and is introduced as a person previously unknown; while the name of the king of Babylon, whose friend he was, is not given.
		In Theodotion the king is Cyrus, who is said to be the successor of Astyages; Daniel is not called a priest; and nothing is said of a prophecy of Habakkuk.
		The Jerahmeel Aramaic text is nearer to Theodotion than to the Septuagint; though it sometimes accords with the latter or with the I atin against other forms, and sometimes differs from all others.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=561&letter=B (996 words)

	ISBE Article: "Septuagint" part 2
		As regards date, Theodotion, critics are agreed, preceded Symmachus and probably flourished under M. Aurelius (161-80), whereas Symmachus lived under Commodus (180-92); Irenaeus mentions only the versions of Aquila and Theodotion, and that of Symmachus had in his day either not been produced or at least not widely circulated.
		Theodotion's renderings have been found in writings before his time (including the New Testament), and it is reasonably conjectured that even before the 2nd century AD the Septuagint text had been discarded and that Theodotion's version is but a working over of an older alternative version.
		Theodotion is free from the barbarisms of Aquila, but is addicted to transliteration, i.e.
	www.bible-researcher.com /isbelxx02.html (3107 words)

	Bel, and the Dragon - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
		The king (Cyrus according to Theodotion) remonstrates with the delinquent Hebrew, pointing Out to him the immense amount of food consumed daily by Bel, who thus proves himself to be a living god.
		In Theodotion Cyrus appears as an abettor of Bel-worship, which is quite in accordance with the practice of the early Persian kings to show favor to the worship of the countries they conquered.
		It follows Theodotion closely, and is printed in Walton's Polyglot (in one recension only of Bel and the Dragon) and in a revised text edited by Lagarde in 1861; not as R. Charles (Enc Brit, VII, 807) erroneously says in The Book of Tobit by Neubauer.
	www.studylight.org /enc/isb/view.cgi?number=T1299 (4597 words)

	Footnotes
		But Theodotion, as well as Aquila, is mentioned by Irenaeus, and hence must be pushed back well into the second century.
		Theodotion's version, like Aquila's, was intended to reproduce the Hebrew more exactly than the LXX did.
		Theodotion's translation of Daniel, however, was accepted by the Christians, instead of the LXX Daniel, and replacing the latter in all the mss.
	www.tparents.org /library/religion/christian/fathers/npnf2-01/footnote/fn37.htm (6123 words)

	Susanna, The History Of (International Standard Bible Encyclopedia) :: Bible Tools
		In Septuagint (verse 30) it is said that the number of Susanna's relatives, servants and servant-maids present at the trial was 500; Theodotion is silent on this.
		Theodotion does not speak of the angel who according to Septuagint imparted to Daniel the wisdom he displayed (but compare Theodotion, verse 50); but on the other hand he adds the words ascribed to Daniel (verse 51, English Versions), though he leaves out the words imputed to him by Septuagint (= even elders may lie).
		In the last two verses (verses 63 f.) Septuagint points the moral of the story, but Theodotion closes by describing the joy of Susanna's relatives at the happy issue of the trial and the increased respect in which Daniel came to be held.
	bibletools.org /index.cfm/fuseaction/Def.show/RTD/ISBE/ID/8509/Susanna-History-Of.htm (1766 words)

	Matthew Appendix B - A Summary of Gundry's Analysis of Matthean Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		28:3); 1 wholly disagrees with LXX and Theodotion (e.g.
		Gundry says that non-LXX should not be construed as meaning MT because in some cases the translation is poorer and in other cases the author uses a 'Targum-like' freedom to paraphrase or expand an OT allusion.
		Theodotion refers to one of several later versions of the LXX (e.g.
	www.xenos.org /ministries/crossroads/OnlineJournal/issue3/mtappb.htm (637 words)

	IBSS - The Bible - Old Testament: Septuagint
		Theodotion's translation of the OT into Greek is half way between these two extremes.
		Irenaeus states that Theodotion was an Ephesian and a proselyte to Judaism.
		Theodotion's translation of Daniel supplanted the original LXX version which was quite different.
	www.bibleandscience.com /bible/sources/septuagint.htm (403 words)

	KAIGE-Theodotion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In antiquity this anonymous revision was ascribed to Theodotion, who apparently lived at the end of the second century CE.
		Hence the translational units which are ascribed to Theodotion also belong to this revision.
		Consequently, the revision is now named kaige-Theodotion, though it should be noted that its various attestations are not uniform in character.
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-greek/2001-January/014870.html (196 words)

	Blue Letter Bible - ISBE - Bel, and the Dragon
		Theta (Theodotion’s version) was produced probably at Ephesus about 180 AD Accepted as canonical by the Jews of Egypt but rejected by the Jews of Palestine Accepted as part of the Bible by Greek and Latin church Fathers, by the Council of Trent and therefore by the Roman church; denied by Protestants to be canonical
		(1) It is known that Theodotion in making his translation of other parts of the Old Testament (Daniel) endeavored to correct the Septuagint with the aid of the Massoretic Text.
		(2) Habakkuk the prophet (he is so called in Theodotion (see Bel and the Dragon, verse 33), and no other can be intended) is made to be a contemporary of Daniel and also of the Persian king Cyrus (see Bel and the Dragon, verses 1 and 33 in the English Bible).
	cf.blueletterbible.org /isbe/isbe.cfm?id=1299 (4510 words)

	The Ecole Glossary
		Theodotion, who evidently was not a Jew but rather a member of the Ebionite Christian heresy (which kept kosher dietary laws), lived in the II Century.
		This strongly suggests that Theodotion's version was based upon either a lost Greek translation which competed with the LXX or upon a "revised" LXX.
		Amazingly, Theodotion's version of Daniel is the one officially accepted by the Church and usually printed in modern editions of the LXX; the original LXX version survives in only three manuscripts.
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/glossary/LXX.html (1227 words)

	International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
		In Tischendorf's Septuagint it occurs at the close of the ordinary text of the Septuagint.
		This version of Daniel displaced that of the Septuagint at a very early time, for though Origen gave place to the Septuagint in his Hexapla, in his writings he almost always cites from Theta.
		Theodotion's version is supposed to have been made at Ephesus toward the end of the 2nd century AD.
	www.studylight.org /enc/isb/print.cgi?number=T1299 (4552 words)

	[No title]
		The work of the historical Theodotion [in late second century] may then be viewed as a later updating of the revision. Hengel deals with the situation in a more oblique manner: e.g.
		Theodotion, who evidently was not a Jew but rather a member of the Ebionite Christian heresy (which kept kosher dietary laws), lived in the second century.
		Amazingly, Theodotion’s version of Daniel is the one officially accepted by the Church and usually printed in modern editions of the LXX; the original LXX version survives in only 3 manuscripts.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /humm/Rs/rak/publics/temp/barthel2.doc (4356 words)

	Appendix J: Origen's Hexapla (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Theodotion's work, also made in the second century C.E., was a free revision of the Septuagint.
		Though we find occasional Greek lettering which Origen included with the Tetragrammaton, we discover that these are merely articles meaning "the" (tou`, tw`i [a scribal error which should read tw`/], and ton), prepositions (ejpi meaning "upon," and ejn meaning "in") or a further elaboration of the divine name in the Psalms 45 and 88 entries.
		This is observed in the Septuagint and Theodotion, both in the past age, Aquila [also] in the past, and Symmachus coming later, all arranged in chronological order.
	www.tetragrammaton.org /tetrapdxj.htm (6228 words)

	Bible Versions Encyclopedia Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Origen and St. Jerome found it of value in the study of the original text and of the methods of Jewish interpretation in the early Christian years.
		Another Greek version practically contemporaneous with Aquila's was made by Theodotion, probably an Ephesian Jew or Ebionite.
		It held a middle place among the ancient Greek translations, preserving the character of a free revision of the Septuagint, the omissions and erroneous renderings of which it corrected.
	www.traditionalcatholic.net /Scripture/Encyclopedia/Versions.html (11890 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hexapla
		Symmachus; fifth, the Septuagint; sixth, the version of Theodotion.
		Symmachus, the Septuagint, and Theodotion; this is the Tetrapla.
		Symmachus, and Theodotion, still, by these patient, untiring labours, vast materials have been gathered for the reconstruction of a purer Sacred Text.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/07316a.htm (2127 words)

	NPNF2-06. Jerome: The Principal Works of St. Jerome \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In the preface to Job he speaks of Aquila, Symmachus, and Theodotion as “Judaising heretics, who by their deceitful translation have concealed many mysteries of salvation.” The second edition of Aquila’s version, which was extremely literal, was highly esteemed by the Jews, and was called by them the Hebrew verity.
		Theodotion, the author of the second Greek version, was a native of Ephesus.
		Theodotion takes a middle course between the ancients and the moderns.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/npnf206.vii.ii.viii.html (869 words)

	Footnotes
		It has been claimed that Symmachus was a Jew, not a Christian; but Eusebius' direct statement is too strong to be set aside, and is corroborated by certain indications in the version itself e.g.
		Theodotion's translation of Daniel, however, was accepted by the Christians, instead of the LXX Daniel, and replacing the latter in all the mss.
		For further particulars in regard to the versions of Aquila and Theodotion, and for the literature of the subject, see Schürer, ibid.
	www.bible.ca /history/fathers/NPNF2-01/footnote/fn37.htm (6149 words)

	NPNF2-03. Theodoret, Jerome, Gennadius, & Rufinus: Historical Writings \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		It is true, I said that the Septuagint version was in this book very 517different from the original, and that it was condemned by the right judgment of the churches of Christ; but the fault was not mine who only stated the fact, but that of those who read the version.
		I did not reply to their opinion in the Preface, because I was studying brevity, and feared that I should seem to be writing not a Preface but a book.
		Still, I wonder that a man should read the version of Theodotion the heretic and judaizer, and should scorn that of a Christian, simple and sinful though he may be.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/npnf203.vi.xii.ii.xxvii.html (275 words)

	International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: Septuagint
		As regards the additional matter contained in Septuagint, Theodotion was inconsistent; he admitted, e.g., the additions to Daniel (Sus, Bel and the Dragon, and the Son.
		Passages missing in the Septuagint were supplied from one of the other versions (Aquila or Theodotion), the beginning of the extract being marked by an asterisk—a sign used by Aristarchus to express special approval—the close, by the metobelus.
		The books of "Reigns" were now completed, by Theodotion, perhaps, or by one of his school; the later portions (2 R 11 2 through 3 R 2 11, David's downfall, and 3 R 22-4 R end, the downfall of the monarchy) are by one hand, as shown by peculiarities in style, e.g.
	www.sbl.org /biblestudies/biblejourney/dictionary/isbe/s/septuagint.htm (10931 words)

	Magog (WebBible Encyclopedia) - ChristianAnswers.Net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Gog is further described as the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal: some render it, "prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal"; taking Rosh, as the rest, for the name of a place, a part of Scythia, from whence the Russians came, and had their name.
		So it is rendered by the Septuagint, Symmachus, and Theodotion; and some later Greek writers (b) make mention of a country called Ros, which, they say, is a Scythian nation, situated between the Euxine Pontus and the whole maritime coast to the north of Taurus, a people fierce and wild.
		According to Bochart (e), these are the Moschi and Tybarenes, people that dwell near the Euxine sea, and under the dominion of the Turk; wherefore the Grand Turk may be called the chief prince of them: and prophesy against him: foretell his ruin and destruction, which is hinted before.
	www.www.christiananswers.net /dictionary/magog.html (654 words)

	Ancient Codexes and Versions
		49, that early in the second century Theodotion's version was substituted for that of the Septuagint.
		It is accompanied with a Latin version, with the Septuagint chronology, with the Greek and Latin of Hippolytus, and with the Greek and Latin of Theodotion's version.
		We are informed by Jerome that Theodotion's Greek version of Daniel was universally used in the Greek and Eastern Churches.
	www.biblestudyguide.org /comment/calvin/comm_vol25/htm/xi.htm (458 words)

	Introduction to the Books of the Apocrypha: The Song of the 3 Holy Children
		Theodotion's Version, made in the first half of the second century AD, displaced the Septuagint at a very early date.
		The Syriac Version (Peshitta) is likewise translated from Theodotion, but differs both from it and the Septuagint in many instances; whether this is due merely to arbitrariness and textual corruption, or whether some other form of the Greek was laid under contribution cannot be said.
		Two very late Aramaic texts, based on Theodotion's Version, are not of much value.
	www.katapi.org.uk /OTApoc/S3.htm (2140 words)

	Nicene and Ante-Nicene Fathers, Ser. II, Vol I: The Church History of Eusebius.: Chapter XVI
		He arranged also separately an edition of Aquila and Symmachus and Theodotion with the Septuagint, in the Tetrapla.
		But Theodotion, as well as Aquila, is mentioned by Irenæus, and hence must be pushed back well into the second century.
		One of them, Eusebius tells us, was found at Nicopolis near Actium, another in a jar at Jericho, but where the third was discovered he did not know.
	www.sacred-texts.com /chr/ecf/201/2010186.htm (2567 words)

	NET Bible® - Daniel 5 Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The form was probably accidentally dropped from the Aramaic text by homoioteleuton.
		The Masoretes have understood these Aramaic forms to be participles, but they are more likely to be vocalized as infinitives.
		Theodotion and the Vulgate mistakenly take the form to be from
	silkworth.net /bible/dan5_notes.htm (904 words)

	The Mohican Board! [Bumppo's Redux!] - The Decline of Controversy ... Part 1
		Jerome (in his preface to Daniel) records the fact of the rejection of the Septuagint version in Church usage, assigning as the reason therefor that the Septuagint translation is very faulty.
		The Aramaic text is itself an adaptation from the Greek of Theodotion, not the original.
		Theodotion's Daniel is more profuse in his profession of faith, e.g., verse 25, "Thy Lord, my God, will I worship; for He is a living God," which the Septuagint omits.
	www.mohicanpress.com /messageboard/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=1096&whichpage=5 (4903 words)

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