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	Theognis of Megara -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Theognis of Megara (6th century BC) was an (The Greek language prior to the Roman Empire) ancient Greek (A writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)) poet.
		The best-attested elegies are those addressed to Cyrnus, the young friend to whom Theognis imparts instruction in the ways of life, bidding him be true to the "good" cause, eschew the company of "evil" men ((A member of the Democratic Party) democrats), be loyal to his comrades, and wreak cruel vengeance on his foes.
		Whether, with Harrison, we hold that Theognis wrote "all or nearly all the poems which are extant under his name" or follow the most ruthless of the higher critics (Sitzler) in rejecting all but 330 lines, there is abundant and unmistakable eviderice to show what Theognis himself was.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/th/theognis_of_megara.htm (521 words)

	THEODOSIUS OF TRIPOLLS - LoveToKnow Article on THEODOSIUS OF TRIPOLLS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The best-attested elegies are those addressed to Cyrnus, the young friend to whom Theognis imparts instruction in the ways of life, bidding him be true to the good cause, eschew the company of evil men (democrats), be loyal to his comrades, and wreak cruel vengeance on his foes.
		As York Powell said, Theognis was a great and wise man he was an able exponent of that intensely practical wisdom which we associate with the seven sages of Greece.
		For many generations Theognis was to the Greeks the moralist par excellence; Isocrates says that Hesiod, Theognis and Phocylides were admitted to be the best teachers of practical morality; and the Emperor Julian in his defence of paganism asks whether the most wise Solomon is equal to Phocylides or Theognis or Isocrates.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /T/TH/THEODOSIUS_OF_TRIPOLLS.htm (2284 words)

	Poet: Theognis - All poems of Theognis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A 6th cenutry BC Greek poet, it has been estimated that Theognis was born around 540 BC and the last date mentioned in his work is 480 BC.
		Theognis is aristocratic in his sympathies, and when he talks about the he's as...
		Theognis was a Greek elegiac poet who was driven from Megara because of political feuds.
	www.poemhunter.com /theognis/poet-38770 (263 words)

	Archaic Age and the Polis, Univ. of Sask. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Theognis comes from Megara, between Athens and Corinth, at the northern end of the Saronic Gulf.
		Theognis' date is subject to dispute: the traditional dates would place his poetic activity in the late 6th and early 5th century; the current tendency is to assign him a date some 50 to 75 years earlier, making him a younger contemporary of Solon.
		We know relatively little of Theognis' life other than what he tells us, but are fortunate to have a significant amount of his poetry.
	duke.usask.ca /~porterj/CourseNotes/Polis.html (3510 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1074 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The time at which Theognis flourished is expressly stated by several writers as the 58th or 59th Olympiad, b.
		Both the life and writings of Theognis, like those of Alcaeus, are inseparably connected with the political events of his time and city.
		60.) Theognis was born and spent his life in the midst of these convulsions, to which a large portion of his poetry relates, most of that portion having evidently been composed at a time when the oligarchical party was oppressed and in exile.
	ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/3408.html (856 words)

	Arianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Though he was committed to maintaining what the church had defined at Nicea, Constantine was also bent on pacifying the situation and eventually became more lenient towards those condemned and exiled at the council.
		Eusebius and Theognis remained in the Emperor's favour and when Constantine, who had been a catechumen much of his adult life, accepted baptism on his deathbed, it was from Eusebius.
		The Council of Nicea had not ended the controversy, as many bishops of the Eastern provinces disputed the homoousios, the central term of the Nicene creed, as it had been used by Paul of Samosata, who had advocated a monarchianist Christology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arianism (1796 words)

	Hubbard: Theognis' Sphrêgis: Aristocratic Speech and the Paradoxes of Writing
		Theognis' sphrêgis elegy (which I take to be 19-38, not 19-26) clearly seems intended as the programmatic "seal" to a written collection of poems, but betrays some discomfort with the medium of written dissemination and insists on the primacy of oral communication among aristocrats at the symposium.
		But writing also presents the disadvantage of his work becoming accessible to "everyone" (note the multiple repetitions of pas in 22-26), even though it is certain not to please everyone: Heraclitus expressed the same anxiety in the introduction to his corpus of aphorisms (F1 DK).
		I argue that 27-38 are integral to understanding 19-26, because it balances the written text with the observation that Theognis himself learned the content of his wisdom poetry through traditional oral-aural transmission, namely by listening to good men when he was a boy (27-28); he exhorts Cyrnus to follow his example (29-38).
	www.camws.org /meeting/2005/abstracts2005/hubbard.html (323 words)

	glbtq >> literature >> Greek Literature: Ancient
		Theognis takes his role as mentor to youth seriously, and his gnomic verse became a Greek school classic.
		Theognis sought through his love poetry to transmit aristocratic mores.
		In later Greek literary tradition, however, male homosexual love was exalted as a safeguard against tyranny, and in Athens, two male lovers came to be perceived as the heroic patrons of democracy as the result of a dramatic episode that took place in 514.
	www.glbtq.com /literature/greek_lit_ancient,3.html (825 words)

	COFFEE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Nagy adduces examples from elsewhere in the corpus to show that Theognis is at odds with these aristocrats in 667-682.
		In Theognis’ day, it was increasingly merchants, considered of a lower class, who took to and controlled the seas, in contrast to earlier days of aristocratic naval dominance (Thuc.
		After blaming the base merchants for his poverty and the collapse of an ordered society, the speaker leaves his aristocratic audience to draw a simple conclusion from his puzzle: they must take action as a class to restore their rightful place and set the state on its proper course.
	www.apaclassics.org /AnnualMeeting/99mtg/abstracts/COFFEE.html (317 words)

	Mark Alonge, Stanford University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In this paper I will address one particular problem of the Theognidean corpus that raises important issues for the treatment of fragments generally, namely, how the Theognidean corpus is divided up into both separate poems and poetic excerpts which are divorced from their larger context.
		Many of the same assumptions which underlie scholarsí approaches to "Theognis" also influence how poetic fragments, whether preserved in later quotation or papyri, are read and interpreted.
		Everyone agrees that the text preserved in our manuscripts of "Theognis" is not one long poem, but rather a group of both whole poems and short excerpts from longer poems.
	www.brown.edu /Departments/Classics/events/Fragments/alonge.html (318 words)

	Theognis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It seems that one likely consequence of this is that other wise or clever lines made it into the textual tradition, and may not be Theognis' at all.
		Theognis is aristocratic in his sympathies, and when he talks about the
		His lines contain frequently very excellent moral maxims, and for this reason were studied in the Greek schools as part of the moral training of the young.
	www.aoidoi.org /texts/theognis (233 words)

	Chapter 6
		The theme of genuine Dorian kingship, as legitimated by the title Sons of Herakles, recurs as a central theme in the poetry of Theognis, that is, in the characterization of the boy called Kyrnos, the main recipient of advice in the "Mirror of Princes" tradition that distinguishes much of this poetry.
		Again we can see a clear parallel in the same passage of Theognis (39-40): the degenerate aristocracy, as the voice of the poet prophesies, may one day yield to a man who will be an euthuntêr 'straightener' of the social ills caused by his predecessors.
		This 'straightener' who brings justice is described as being literally born to the polis, pregnant in its degeneracy (kuei, Theognis 39), just as the future champion of dikê in Corinth is described by the Oracle as being born to the pregnant Labda (kuei, Herodotus 5.92b.
	www.press.jhu.edu /books/nagy/PHTL/chapter6.html (11230 words)

	A Problem in Greek Ethics: XI. Paiderastia in poetry of the lyric age
		The large number of the elegies of Theognis are specially intended to instruct Kurnus how he ought to act as an illustrious party-leader of the nobles (Esthloi) in their contest with the people (Deiloi).
		In order to appreciate the value of the fame conferred on Kurnus by Theognis and celebrated in such lofty strains, we must remember that these elegies were sung at banquets.
		The general impression produced by a careful reading of Theognis is that he entertained a genuine passion for Kurnus, and that he was anxious to train the young man's mind in what he judged the noblest principles.
	www.sacred-texts.com /lgbt/pge/pge13.htm (1722 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Hesiod and Theognis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		However, Theognis is far more inconsistent than H, especially when it comes to the concept of wealth.
		This is a collection of the poetry of Hesiod and Theognis, two Greek poets who lived 2500 or more years ago.
		One thing that annoyed me, though, was the way Wender marked out the poems of Theognis she liked with an asterisk.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0140442839 (1551 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2002.08.23
		He suggests that one of Theognis' fears was thus not of a sole tyrant ruling over Megara, but rather of an oligarchy of city officials, the aisymnoi, known from Pausanias and later inscriptions.
		In the second section of the essay Lane Fox turns to Theognis' Nachleben, arguing on the basis of evidence from Plato that Theognid poetry became a partial foundation for anti-democratic ideology in late fifth-century Athens.
		Even Theognis' fl and white characterization of the "good men" and the "bad" has analogues in Mafia parlance: those who have recently taken power are bad, not because they are of ignoble birth, but because they have gained prominence at the speaker's expense.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2002/2002-08-23.html (4696 words)

	Transmission of Archaic Greek Sympotic Songs: from Lesbos to Alexandria
		The clearest example of such alienation is the poetic self-representation of the generic "suffering righteous" who is alienated from the here-and-now but integrated with the ultimate form of society which is presumed as the ultimate audience of the poetry (Theognis 1209-1210).
		As I have argued extensively elsewhere with specific reference to the elegiac poetry of Theognis, the poet's expressions of alienation from the group in the here and now become part of a larger plan, where dramatic confrontations lead ultimately to integration with the group in the fullness of time.
		Nagy, "Theognis and Megara: A Poet's Vision of His City," in Theognis of Megara: Poetry and the Polis, ed.
	www.uchicago.edu /research/jnl-crit-inq/issues/current/31n1.nagy.htm (8778 words)

	Chapter 14
		In this context the same man, the figure of Theognis, is represented as a model of righteousness who had lost his khrêmata 'possessions' and finds himself in distress as he associates with the agathoi 'noble' (Theognis 667-670, with khrêmata at 667 and agathoi at 668; cf.
		As is evident in the poetry of Theognis, the alienation that marks the poet's own there and then on the level of narrative becomes transformed, as a teaching, into the integration that ostensibly marks the audience's here and now on the level of the ainos conveyed by the narrative.
		It is also evident that this poetry associates the uncertainties of audience reception with the here and now of performance in Megara (Theognis 24-28, 253-254), and the certainty of audience acceptance with the future of many reperformances throughout the cities of the Hellenes (19-23, 237-252, where we may note the plethora of future tenses).
	www.press.jhu.edu /books/nagy/PHTL/chapter14.html (9298 words)

	Thomas Jefferson, on Aristocracy - letter to John Adams
		It is in conformity with the principle adopted afterwards by the Pythagoreans, and expressed by Ocellus in another form.
		And not only has the commerce of love been indulged on this unhallowed impulse, but made subservient also to wealth and ambition by marriages without regard to the beauty, the healthiness, the understanding, or virtue of the subject from which we are to breed.
		The selecting the best male for a Harem of well chosen females also, which Theognis seems to recommend from the example of our sheep and asses, would doubtless improve the human, as it does the brute animal, and produce a race of veritable {aristoi} ["aristocrats"].
	www.bigeye.com /aristocracy.htm (2111 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Theogony and Works and Days (Oxford World's Classics): Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Theognis' elegies are, as Wender herself proclaims, more freely translated.
		Collected together, the work of Hesiod and Theognis can be viewed as having a common thread; the inconsistency of men and society and the need to trust in the gods.
		In summary this book is enjoyable for many reasons; the translation is clear and a joy to read, the morals and observations still have a resonance today and the works are an excellent place for those interested in ancient Greek literature and intellectual thought to start or extend their investigation.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0192839411 (980 words)

	reading_guide_11.03 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		With Theognis, we begin to see more material that could have been a source for Works and Days.
		Like Hesiod, Theognis writes good advice to a friend, in this case Kurnos, a boy he appears to be in love with.
		Theognis' poems are a collection of short pieces, and not all seem to be by Theognis.
	classics.uc.edu /hooker/cc110/reading_guide_11.03.html (167 words)

	CHURCH FATHERS: Ecclesiastical History, Book III (Sozomen)
		Of all these Eusebius and Theognis, bishops of the province of Bithynia, did everything in their power to give predominance to the tenets of Arius.
		This state of things was in accordance with the views of Theognis and his partisans.
		At the same time those of the opposing multitude seized this occasion and came together in another church, among whom were the adherents of Theognis, bishop of Nicaea, of Theodore, bishop of Heraclea, and others of the same party who chanced to be present, and they ordained Macedonius bishop of Constantinople.
	www.newadvent.org /fathers/26023.htm (11164 words)

	Theognis -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Theognis' poems were also much concerned with good breeding and are important for their portrayal of aristocratic society in a changing world.
		He allegedly wrote a poem on an unidentifiable episode in the history of Syracuse and 2,800 lines of admonitory verse, together…
		He allegedly wrote a poem on an unidentifiable episode in the history of Syracuse and 2,800 lines of admonitory verse, together with (or perhaps...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9072029?tocId=9072029 (274 words)

	[No title]
		7, citing with approval Young's judgment that the 'substitution' of TOI/ for TI/S in 796 was made by Theognis for reasons of euphony (it should be noted that in IEG West prints the Theognidean lines as two separate couplets).
		Young's views on the Theognidea have always struck me as a rather desperate--at times, even perverse--bid to claim all that is transmitted under the name of Theognis for that poet.
		Moreover, the subtle adjustments that 'Theognis' is alleged to have made to these 'borrowed' texts (see A. p.
	www.infomotions.com /serials/bmcr/bmcr-9507-brown-fragments.txt (3648 words)

	The Legend of Solon the Poet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		One can see similar developments in Megara (around the figure of Theognis) and in Sparta (around Tyrtaeus), and there are indications that some of the verses preserved under Solon's name may derive from other traditions.
		Some of the verses of Solon are also found in a collection of poetry under the name of the Megarian poet Theognis (e.g.
		It is commonly assumed that these lines were copied from a Solonian collection of poetry into the Theognidea, but I will argue that they were in fact drawn independently from a common (oral) stock of elegiac poetry, which in Megara was attributed to Theognis and in Athens to Solon.
	www2.let.uu.nl /solis/networkgreece/lardinois.html (444 words)

	THEOGONY AND WORKS; ELEGIES ELEGIES by THEOGNIS from Pickabook Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A classic children's history of Britain from the Romans to the death of Queen Victoria.
		Together the poetry of Hesiod and Theognis offers an introduction to the life and thought of ancient Greece.
		Dorothea Wender's translation conveys the beauty and vigour of the original texts while her introductions to each explain the history behind them.
	www.pickabook.co.uk /cgi/bkdetail.php?isbn=0140442839 (138 words)

	The 2002 Norton Scholar's Prize Winner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Child, likening your mind most to the skin of a sea beast, living in the rocks, consort with all cities: willingly praising the one who is present, think different sorts of things at different times.
		Notably, the hypothetical context of Pindar's fragment, given the figure of address to the "child," is the same as that of the lines of Theognis: it is a didactic admonishment addressed by an older man (erastes) to the boy (eromenos) at the symposium.
		The sentiment conveyed in the lines of Aristophanes is akin to the anxious expectation of the tyrant in Theognis (ll.
	www.wwnorton.com /college/english/scholar/03essay.htm (2134 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2002.04.03
		After several general remarks supporting the authenticity of just one third of Theognis' work, the author makes a detailed analysis of three poems, in her opinion truly Theognidean.
		In the third poem (lines 183-192) Theognis tries to show the new criteria for belonging to the leading groups; wealth (chrêmata) may convert a kakos into an esthlos while eugeneia loses importance.
		For Theognis, this would mean the end of the old aristocracies, which would survive only through culture, morality and eugeneia.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2002/2002-04-03.html (1899 words)

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