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Topic: Theories of New Imperialism

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Oil imperialism theories - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Oil imperialism theories characterize a broad group of political science theories which assert that direct and indirect control of world petroleum reserves is a root factor in current international politics. Some theories hold that access to oil defined 20th century empires and was the key to the ascendance of the United States as the world's sole superpower and explain why Russia was able to sustain itself for so long despite poor economic organization. Oil Imperialism - by Norman D. Livergood - note: this essay is clearly delineated as expressing a specific point of view, with support for this position offered throughout the essay. www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oil_imperialism_theories   (307 words)

Theories of New Imperialism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Thus some have argued that the New Imperialism was caused essentially by a flight of foreign capital. In this sense, contemporary imperial historian Bernard Porter argues that formal imperialism for Britain was a symptom and an effect of its relative decline in the world, and not of strength. Joseph Chamberlain thus argued that formal imperialism was necessary for Britain because of the relative decline of the British share of the world's export trade and the quick rise of German, American, and French economic competition. www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Theories_of_New_Imperialism   (307 words)

Theories of Imperialism Joseph A. Schumpeter, The Sociology of Imperialism, 1918 Imperialism is simply a manifestation of the balance of power and is the process by which nations try to achieve a favorable change in the status quo. Imperialism is objectless expansion, a pattern simply learned from the behavior of other nations and institutionalized into the domestic political processes of a state by a "warrior" class. www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/pol116/imperial.htm   (307 words)

Encyclopedia: Petroleum According to this theory, it is formed from the decayed remains of prehistoric marine animals and terrestrial plants. This theory suggests that large amounts of carbon exist naturally in the planet, some in the form of hydrocarbons. Theory has a number of distinct meanings in different fields of knowledge, depending on the context and their methodologies. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Petroleum   (307 words)

MSN Encarta - Imperialism Theories of imperialism break down similarly, according to which motive or motives are viewed as primary. The imperialism of free trade, however, was short-lived: By the end of the 19th century European powers were once again practicing imperialism in the form of overseas territorial annexation, expanding into Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. Historically, states have been motivated to pursue imperialism for a variety of reasons, which may be classified broadly as economic, political, and ideological. encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761558317/Imperialism.html   (307 words)

Conspiracy theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Media commentators regularly note a tendency in news media and wider culture to understand events through the prism of individual agents, as opposed to more complex structural or institutional accounts. The term "conspiracy theory" is used by scholars and in popular culture to identify a type of folklore similar to an urban legend, having certain regular features, especially an explanatory narrative which is constructed with certain naive methodological flaws. The term conspiracy theory is itself the object of a type of conspiracy theory, which argues that those using the term are manipulating their audience to disregard the topic under discussion, either in a deliberate attempt to conceal the truth, or as dupes of more deliberate conspirators. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Conspiracy_theory   (4070 words)

Encyclopedia4U - Oil imperialism - Encyclopedia Article Oil Imperialism - by Livergood - note: this article has a clearly advertised as pushing a specific point of view - the list of more mainstream journal articles offered as references at the end are this article's primary and most credible sources. Thus it seems likely that depriving strategic competitors of this oil supply is a more rational motive than any of the variously (some say conveniently or opportunistically) alternative motives: the War on Terrorism, the human rights abuses, genocide, or search for weapons of mass destruction. Some versions of this theory hold that World War II, the Vietnam War, and the Gulf War were likewise motivated by oil power - some trace the motivations even for World War I back to Standard Oil's desire to reconstruct its monopoly. www.encyclopedia4u.com /o/oil-imperialism.html   (876 words)

Peak Oil-The End Game Has Started By Michael C. Ruppert Oil has a polarity being either there in profitable abundance or not there at all -- mainly because it is a liquid that flows to accumulate somewhere, unlike coal where extraction is a matter of concentration in seam thickness and access. In 100 years mankind has used half of all the oil on the planet, oil that took billions of years to produce and is the result of climactic conditions that have existed at only one time in the earth's 4.5 billion- year history. Campbell: Oil sometimes does occur in fractured or weathered crystalline rocks, which may have led people to accept this theory, but in all cases there is an easy explanation of lateral migration from normal sources. www.countercurrents.org /peakoil300304.htm   (2415 words)

Theories of imperialism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 'Theories of imperialism' differ in slight ways, but the underlying premise is the same. Imperialism, as understood by some, results from the wish for power by leaders of a country. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Imperialism. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Theories_of_imperialism   (2415 words)

EXPORTING ILLUSION: The new imperialism - NI 167 - No Kidding Theories of racial superiority were developed between the two world wars by fascists as justification for invading the territory of ‘lesser races’ and a policy of genocide towards Jews, Gypsies and homosexuals. Many modern historians, notably David Fieldhouse, have argued that explanations of imperialism have concentrated too much on the colonizing countries, and not taken enough notice of events in the colonies themselves. This ‘dependency theory’ argues that the economies of colonies were developed in relation to those of their rulers - they provided raw materials and received manufactured goods in return. www.newint.org /issue167/kidding.htm   (2415 words)

History of Imperialism Outline of the New Imperialism (1870 - 1914) A Chronology of European Nationalism and Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century U.S. Imperial Hegemony and the Forging of a Culture of Resistance members.aol.com /TeacherNet/World.html   (2415 words)

Search Results for "imperialism" He is best known as an opponent of romanticism and for his philosophy of "imperialism." His theories were expounded in many works, notably in La Philosophie... imperialism, broadly, the extension of rule or influence by one government, nation, or society over another. Imperialism, nationalism, and militarism have been called the dynamics of... www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=col65&query=imperialism&x=11&y=15   (2415 words)

Anti-imperialism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Although not all self-describing anti-imperialists understand the theoretical bases, such a tendency originates in Marxist theories of imperialism, in which imperialism is understood as the economic (rather than primarily military or political, though these are related) dominance of the First World (imperialist countries) over the Third World. Anti-imperialism is a current within the political left advocating the collapse of imperialism. All forms of Leninism are anti-imperialist, although there are strains of Marxism that are not, since they do not accept the existence of imperialism. www.leessummit.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Anti-imperialist   (2415 words)

BA History home-page Theories of Imperialism (30 credits) and Research Methods/Dissertation (60 credits), plus 90 credits chosen from a range of optional modules, including some from other parts of the School's MA Programme, up to a maximum of 60 credits. As well as looking at imperialism as an economic phenomenon, the course will examine the role of the state in the development, evolution and maintenance (ideologically and politically) of the Empire; the cultural impact of the Empire in Europe; and the historical roots of Britishness, nationalism and national identity. In recent years academic interest in imperialism has moved beyond its more traditional economic roots and concerns and has emerged as an area for research and study with major relevance for such contemporary issues as the nature and meaning of "difference", cultural and national identities, and health. www.shu.ac.uk /schools/cs/history/mastr.htm   (2415 words)

TBS: Reconsidering Cultural Imperialism Theory In this taxonomy of mass media theories, cultural imperialism falls within the category of macroscopic theories in that it attempts to offer a systematic explanation of media's role in the exchange of information between countries and their (i.e., the media) subsequent impact on the indigenous cultures of those countries. The theory of cultural imperialism was developed in the 1970s to explain the media situation as it existed at that time. A theory has been defined as a set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and statements that present a systematic view of a phenomenon by specifying relationships among the concepts with the purpose of explaining the phenomenon (Kerlinger, 1973). www.tbsjournal.com /Archives/Spring01/white3.html   (2415 words)

Imperialismus (2nd version, July 2001). Text written for HKWM by Jan Otto Andersson Whereas Hobson's model of imperialism was constructed as a combination of nationalism, interstate anarchy and dominance of financial capital, the world of the second wave of Marxist theories of imperialism was characterised by the opposites: internationalism, a hierarchical order of states, and multinational corporations. Imperialism was seen as the ideology and practice of the large monopolies and as an inevitable stage in the development of capitalism. It was, however, not Luxemburg's particular theory of imperialism, but her view of imperialism, as an international system of unequal interdependence, being essential for the successful operation of capitalism in the metropolis, that survived the Leninist view of imperialism. www.marx-seura.kaapeli.fi /archive/imperialism.htm   (2415 words)

Imperialism Imperialism is a policy of extending the control or authority over foreign entities as a means of acquisition and/or maintenance of empires, either through direct territorial or through indirect methods of exerting control on the politics and/or economy of other countries. Insofar as 'imperialism' might be used to refer to an intellectual position, it would imply the belief that the acquisition and maintenance of empires is a positive good, probably combined with an assumption of cultural or other such superiority inherent to imperial power. In recent years, there has been a trend to criticise imperialism not at an economic or political level, but at a simply cultural level, particularly the widespread global influence of American culture - see cultural imperialism. imperialism.en.exsugo.org   (190 words)

Petroleum: Encyclopedia topic Oil extraction is costly and sometimes environmentally damaging, although Dr. John Hunt from Woods Hole pointed out in a 1981 paper that over 70% of the reserves in the world are associated with visible macroseepages, and many oil fields are found due to natural leaks. Oil production from Europe, Africa and Middle Eastern oil flowing West tends to be priced off the price of this oil, which forms a benchmark (benchmark: A surveyor's mark on a permanent object of predetermined position and elevation used as a reference point). The Hubbert peak theory, also known as peak oil, is a controversial theory concerning the long-term rate of conventional oil and other fossil fuel production and depletion. www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/petroleum   (4013 words)

Imperialism 101 Imperialism may not be a necessary condition for investor survival but it seems to be an inherent tendency and a natural outgrowth of advanced capitalism. By "imperialism" I mean the process whereby the dominant politico-economic interests of one nation expropriate for their own enrichment the land, labor, raw materials, and markets of another people. Imperialism forces millions of children around the world to live nightmarish lives, their mental and physical health severely damaged by endless exploitation. www.michaelparenti.org /Imperialism101.html   (4472 words)

Imperialism Theories of Imperialism Nice capsule summaries of conservative, liberal, Marxist, and social-psychological theories of imperialism. John Hobson on Imperialism, 1902 Here you can find an excerpt from the writings of John Hobson, a famous British economist, who argued that low wages for 19th century European workers guaranteed domestic under consumption of goods and justified imperial conquest in order to guarantee markets. Large number of relevant links to African imperialism south of the Sahara. www.casahistoria.net /imperialism.htm   (4472 words)

MA Imperialism and Culture: Units Beginning with a look at the debate between radicals and imperialists in Britain in the 1870s it then moves on to consider J. Hobson's pioneering work on financial imperialism, the 'classical' Marxist theories of imperialism of Hilferding and Lenin, and their chief contemporary critic, J. Schumpeter. Key themes include the nature of Soviet 'imperialism' in Czechoslovakia; 'national roads to socialism' versus Stalinist 'totalitarianism'; the challenge to Soviet hegemony in 1968; the 'normalisation' process under Husak and the emergence of the 'dissident' movement; the origins of the collapse of 'real existing socialism' in 1989. Issues covered include the rise of the manufacturing interest, free trade and the repeal of the Corn Laws, mid-Victorian expansion, the rise of the export economy and free trade imperialism, increasing foreign competition in the late nineteenth century, the role of empire and the increasing call for protection. www.shu.ac.uk /schools/cs/history/macontent.htm   (4472 words)

The New Imperialism Nor, of course, could it be a general explanation of imperialism, which had existed centuries before there was a "glut of capital" and before finance capital was as plentiful or as well organized as it was in the later nineteenth century. The beneficiaries of imperialism were not always the initiators of it; and although King Leopold, Cecil Rhodes, and many of the other empire builders amassed great personal fortunes and powers, so too did many who merely stepped in later to reap the rewards of high administrative offices and rich concessions for trading and investment. Yet another element in the growth of imperialism was the administrator and soldier the man with a mission, who was not a missionary but who welcomed an opportunity to bring order and efficient administration out of muddle. mars.acnet.wnec.edu /~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/imperialism.html   (4472 words)

IMPERIALISM A substantial outline of the New Imperialism, from a professor at William Paterson University. A chronology of European imperialism from 1800-1925, from North Park University. New Imperialism and Race for Africa Brief Notes www.aldridgeshs.qld.edu.au /sose/modrespg/imperial/titlepg.htm   (4472 words)

sussex_2005_-_imperialism.doc In order to do this, we will examine different theories of imperialism in terms of their applicability to observable reality and in terms of the relationship between international theory and international relations. The Resurgence of a Debate : The ‘New Imperialism’ Litterature 10. Decolonization, the South and Imperialism III - The New Imperialism 8. www.sussex.ac.uk /irp/documents/sussex_2005_-_imperialism.doc   (4472 words)

Analysing Imperialism Imperialism, the expression of one phase of capitalist development and the cause of armed conflicts, was not the only possible form of development of capitalism. Rather it was the imperialism of rival empires, in which--as Bukharin had described it in 1916--the combined capitalists of each ruling class had to divert funds from productive investments to military expenditure in order to ensure that they hung on to what they already possessed. They hoped that somehow a German imperialism controlling the core of north western and central Europe would be able to coexist with their own domination of vast tracts of Africa and Asia. pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk /isj99/harman.htm   (4472 words)

DUSA Student Support - Postgraduate However, it is just this sort of attribute that may help explain the lack of engagement with theories of imperialism in international relations. Whilst imperialism is not an exclusively Marxist concept, it could be argued that due to the influence of Lenin’s work Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism imperialism is often a word that is automatically associated with the left. In addition, the connection between imperialism and globalisation will also be explored, by discussing some of the recent attempts to theorise globalisation and imperialism by Marxist writers such as Ellen Meiksins Wood, Humphrey McQueen and others. www.deakin.edu.au /dusa/stud_support/postgraduate_noonan.php   (4472 words)

GEO 605, Fall 1999 After examining these attempts to reconstruct theories of imperialism and globalization, we will conclude by briefly examining recent work in critical geopolitics, which suggests yet different (but perhaps complementary) directions in which theories of state power and inter-state relations might be headed in the era of globalization. This opens the possibility of discussing new forms of imperialism that correspond to the new geographies, and leads to a discussion of the specific role of the United States-as a geo-economic, geopolitical, and socio-cultural force-in the processes of globalization. These theories constitute the most sustained attempts to define and explain imperialism as an aspect of global capitalist development. www.maxwell.syr.edu /geo/courses/geo672002.htm   (4472 words)

Amazon.com: Books: Imperialism (Ann Arbor Paperbacks) The effects of imperialism on the rest of the human race are spelled out with precision and clarity, as is his nuanced analysis of why it is doomed to fail. Hobson was a pioneer of the underconsumptionist theories, theories later advanced by Keynes, Samuelson, and Tobin. The fact that self-described socialists and lassez-faire dogmatics alike, in 1902, regarded "imperialism" as a means to their rival ends, shows that this was not merely a right-left debate, and Hobson attacks the idea of solving the problems of capitalist societies by making war on other nations. www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0472061038?v=glance   (4472 words)

spiked-essays Essay Zombie anti-imperialists vs the 'Empire' She relegates the 'classic Marxist theories of imperialism' to a previous age in which the focus shifted 'from the internal operation of advanced capitalist economies to the external relations of capitalism' (28). The original theory of imperialism envisaged an era of transition, where the barbaric features of the age were all signs of the old society struggling to contain the new. Behind the 'war for oil' legend is a coalescence of the old left's theory of imperialism and the new cynics' predisposition to see all government as corrupt. www.spiked-online.com /Printable/0000000CA6BA.htm   (5863 words)

Modern History Sourcebook: Lenin: Imperialism, The Highest Stage of Capitalism, 1916 Imperialism is the eve of the social revolution of the proletariat. Imperialism, or the domination of finance capital, is that highest stage of capitalism at which this separation reaches vast proportions. 101.] an apologist of German imperialism, who is regarded as an authority by the imperialists of all countries, and who tries to gloss over a "detail," viz., that the "conscious regulation" of economic life by the banks consists in the fleecing of the public by a handful of "completely organized" monopolists. www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/1916lenin-imperialism.html   (13846 words)

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