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	Caracalla Summary
		Caracalla is best known for the baths he built in Rome, which carry his name, and for an edict in 212/213 which granted full Roman citizenship to nearly all the free inhabitants of the empire, thus fulfilling centuries of legal progress.
		Caracalla was the son of the later Emperor Septimius Severus and Julia Domna.
		Caracalla responded to this insult savagely in 215 by slaughtering the deputation of leading citizens who had unsuspectingly assembled before the city to greet his arrival, then unleashed his troops for several days of looting and plunder of Alexandria.
	www.bookrags.com /Caracalla (1099 words)

	Roman Architecture - Thermae
		The thermae were under the management of the " aediles " ; there were also " balneatores " to take the entrance money, and janitors to guard the doors, with a staff of attendants, including anointers, manicurists, barbers, shampooers, besides stokers, lamplighters, and hundreds of slaves to make the process of bathing a luxurious relaxation.
		The thermae were generally raised on a high platform within an enclosing wall, and underneath were the furnaces and rooms connected with the service of the establishment, which usually consisted of three main parts, as shown in the Thermae of Caracalla (p.
		The Thermae of Caracalla, Rome (A.D. 212—235) (pp.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles22/architecture-31.shtml (1620 words)

	Thermae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The term thermae was the word the Ancient Romans used for the buildings housing their public baths.
		The word thermae is a Latin borrowing from the Greek adjective thermos, therme, thermon (hot).
		Where natural hot springs existed (as in Bath, England) thermae were built around them.
	www.gogoglo.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/t/th/thermae.html (240 words)

	Baths of Caracalla - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Baths of Caracalla were Roman public baths, or thermae, built in Rome between 212 and 216 AD, during the reign of the Emperor Caracalla.
		The Caracalla bath complex of buildings was more a leisure centre than just a series of baths.
		Baths of Caracalla Virtual 360° panorama and photos of the ruins.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baths_of_Caracalla (557 words)

	Caracalla Opera - Romecentral - The Rome review - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Romans and tourists have been waiting this moment for ten long years, in fact in 1993 the opera exhibitions in Caracalla were suspended due to preservation problems regarding the Thermae archaeological heritage.
		To come back to Caracalla some changes have been necessary: for example the stage will be located not inside the ruins (as it was until 1993) but in an area inside the Calidarium gardens, some meters away from the ruins, in the same location in which some concerts had taken place in these last years.
		The Caracalla re-opening to the Opera is an important event also because it will revive a long tradition starting in 1937 when for the first time an Opera was perfomed in Caracalla.
	www.romecentral.com /article_visiting_caracalla.php (297 words)

	Caracalla
		In order to secure the sole authority, Caracalla barbarously murdered his brother in his mother's arms, and at the same time put to death some 20,000 persons, who were suspected of favoring him, amongst them the jurist Papinianus.
		An important act of his reign (212) was the bestowal of the rights of Roman citizenship upon all free inhabitants of the empire, although the main object of Caracalla was doubtless to increase the amount of revenue derived from the tax on inheritances or legacies to which only Roman citizens were liable.
		Amongst the numerous buildings with which Caracalla adorned the city, the most famous are the thermae, and the triumphal arch of Septimius Severus in the forum.
	www.nndb.com /people/854/000107533 (430 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 1998.11.41
		Originally, when DeLaine began to work on the Baths of Caracalla in 1981 for a doctoral dissertation at the University of Adelaide, she envisioned a study of large-scale construction in imperial Rome and of the Roman building industry.
		Her second objective (Part III 8-9) is to place the Baths of Caracalla (and the act of large-scale imperial building in the heart of Rome) in a wider context.
		As of the summer of 1997 the grand sculptures (Farnese collection) from the Baths of Caracalla which are in the Museo Archeologico Nazionale of Naples, had been newly cleaned and arranged with splendid descriptions and up-to-date discussion of their placement in their original settings.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/1998/1998-11-41.html (2734 words)

	Latin title (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Thermae or balneae were elaborate baths corresponding to our country clubs.
		Among the most famous were the Baths of Caracalla, after which the Pennsylvania Railroad Terminal in New York City was modeled.
		They were built by the Emperor Caracalla in 212 AD.
	www.dl.ket.org /latin1/gallery/culture/entertain/baths.htm (59 words)

	The History of Baths (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Bathing and hygiene was a part of the Roman lifestyle long before the grand thermae were built by the Caesars.
		Nonetheless, the thermae became a social hub in the Roman lifestyle.
		The remains in Rome today of these thermae are testimony to the beauty that was Rome, where even bathing became an everyday art.
	www.geocities.com /latinswimmers/history.html (433 words)

	Essential World Architecture Images- ROME- Thermae of Caracalla
		The Baths of Caracalla were Roman public baths, or thermae, built in Rome between 212 and 216 CE, during the reign of the Emperor Caracalla.
		Also part of the complex is an aqueduct (for the thermae or water reservoirs), where water was brought in.
		The Caracalla bath complex of buildings was more a leisure centre than just a series of baths.
	www.essential-architecture.com /ROME/RO-030.htm (343 words)

	Untitled
		Some baths, known as Thermae which were owned by the state or city, were huge and public, while others known as Balnae were privately owned and more limited in what they had to offer.
		Thermae consisted of a series of rooms, courtyards, hallways and baths.
		Many Thermae had separate baths for the men and women, or else separate allotted times for each to visit.
	www.coloradocollege.edu /dept/ah/courses/ah207/romanbaths.html (1237 words)

	Mass Bathing: The Roman Balnea and Thermae
		While the thermae later became the central pleasure complex, complete with sports halls, restaurants, and various types of baths, the balnea were designed primarily for the neighborhood.
		Perhaps this explains why, at times, the thermae were teeming with prostitutes in spite of municipal ordinances prohibiting them.
		Refreshed and smelling like a rose, the bather then retired to the outer areas of the thermae where a library or an assembly room were among several attractions that encouraged intellectual pursuits.
	www.cyberbohemia.com /Pages/massbathing.htm (1329 words)

	Rome tourism guide with online hotel reservation, transports, museums, monuments, shows for tourists, travellers
		At first it was believed in a complete reconstruction of the edifice by their intervention and that the stamps of the tiles had to be interpreted with great time distances.
		But the similitude of the masonry of the Pantheon with other Adrian's edifices as the Tiburtina villa and the mosoleaum, and the great difference with the one of the Antoninius (the thermae of Caracalla, the porches of Ottavia) put and end to these hypotheses.
		What is more probable it is that the monument was by itself deteriorated only for what regarded the first pastering and the exterior decoration in stucco for the greater part and on account of this it seemed abbandoned and crumbling.
	www.romaonline.net /poolbot/Extras/Eng/index.php____pg_bag__tour_en___oper__show_tour_en___pg_idx__37 (823 words)

	Baths of Caracalla - Reconstruction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Baths of Caracalla were one of the biggest public baths in ancient Rom.
		The construction work was started in the period of the emperor Septimius Severus in 206 a.C. 10 years later - as Caracalla has become emperor - the work was finished.
		Until the beginning of the 6th century the baths were frequently used, but in 537 the water supply was destroyed during a war, so the baths couldn't be used any more.
	people.freenet.de /cillenseer/thermae_e.html (254 words)

	Thermae
		Thermopylae (the hot gates, gates of fire) thermae sc.
		Alternatively a system of hypocausta (Greek hypocauston < hypo "below" + kaio "to burn") were utilized to heat the waters.
		It is licensed under the GNU free documentation license.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/th/Thermae.htm (249 words)

	RT04-CaracallaBaths.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Dedicated in AD 216, the Baths of Caracalla (Thermae Antoninianae) were in use until the aqueducts that fed them were cut by Genseric the Vandal in AD 537.
		The baths (thermae) were designed along a central axis: the caldarium or hot bath; a smaller area for the tepidarium or warm bath; the basilica, which held the frigidarium or cold bath; and the natatio, an open-air bathing pool.
		Symmetrically arranged on either side of the baths were rooms for changing, massage, depilation, and medicinal use.
	www.mmdtkw.org /RT04-CaracallaBaths.html (263 words)

	Amazon.com: THERMAE: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Pushkin, palaces and parks: The Lyceum, the Catherine Palace, the Cameron Thermae, the Catherine Park, the Alexander Palace and Park by V. V Lemus (Unknown Binding - 1984)
		The Thermae of Caracalla, in Roman times and at the present day: History and description together with a preface on the origin of the baths in Rome by Giuseppe Ripostelli (Unknown Binding - 1925)
		A short description of the thermae Romano-Britannicae, or the Roman baths found in Italy, Britain, France, Switzerland, &c.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=THERMAE&tag=icongroupinterna&index=books&link_code=qs&page=1 (339 words)

	Thermae of Caracalla 3D Models - Great Buildings Online
		3) Open the model of Thermae of Caracalla in DesignWorkshop, and walk around in amazing live 3D.
		Click to download a simple Massing Model of Thermae of Caracalla
		Create your own Thermae of Caracalla in live 3D with DesignWorkshop® Classic Home Design for just $79.95!
	www.greatbuildings.com /models/Thermae_of_Caracalla_mod.html (721 words)

	Frigidarium - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		FRIGIDARIUM, the Latin term (from frigidus, cold) applied to the open area of the Roman thermae, in which there was generally a cold swimming bath, and sometimes to the bath (see Baths).
		Dr J. Middleton in The Remains of Ancient Rome (1892) points out that in the part of the enclosure walls are deep sinkings to receive the ends of the great girders.
		This page was last modified 12:01, 24 Sep 2006.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Frigidarium (91 words)

	thermae caracalla tile
		thermae caracalla tile forum index -> thermae caracalla tile
		Posted: February 19, 2005, 7:54 am Post subject: thermae caracalla tile
		Posted: March 5, 2005, 9:18 am Post subject: thermae caracalla tile
	hometown.aol.com /ched791/thermae-caracalla-tile.html (276 words)

	Working Bibliography
		Anderson, "The Date of Thermae Traiani and the Topography of the Oppius Mons" AJA 89 (1985): 499-509.
		Janet DeLaine, "The 'Cella Solearis' of the Baths of Caracalla: A Reappraisal," BSR 55 (1987): 147-56.
		Giuseppe Ripostelli, The Thermae of Caracalla, in Roman times and at the present day (Terni, 1925).
	www.iath.virginia.edu /rome/thermae_biblio.html (313 words)

	MANN: Greek and Roman sculpture
		The adjacent hall of the Thermae of Caracalla, once called "Gallery of the Farnese Bull" (rooms XI-XVI), is entirely devoted to the most famous corpus of the Roman collections of the Farnese family, viz.
		These sculptures were recently rearranged to reproduce their original position.
		Modern scholars have disproved the antiquarian tradition attributing to the Thermae of Caracalla the two female statues known as "Flora Major" and "Flora Minor", and the statue of the "Genius of the Roman People".
	www.archeona.arti.beniculturali.it /sanc_en/mann/it1/01.html (311 words)

	ITALY, ROMA - Terme di Caracalla - Worldisround photo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The building of Thermae was begun by Settimio Severo in 206 A. D.; they were opened in 217 A. by the emperor Caracalla.
		The Thermae could house 1.700 people at once in big baths of warm and cold waters.
		Located in the first part of via Appia Antica, interesting road from an archeological and artistic point of view.
	www.worldisround.com /articles/34047/photo32.html (202 words)

	Viminal Hill
		They were the largest in Rome, with a surface area of 1,210,000 square feet, capable of accommodating 2000 bathers.
		The exterior, like that of the thermae of Caracalla and the curia, is faced with white stucco in imitation of construction in blocks of white marble.
		Sometimes the modest bathing fee of one quadrans was remitted by the Emperor, who sometimes took on the entire costs of the baths for a day, or even a year.
	www.historywalker.com /officialpaper/1/HistRoVim.html (333 words)

	Precooked Query (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The most important addition to the water infrastructure during Caracalla's reign was the construction of the Thermae Caracalla (Baths of Caracalla), the largest Imperial bath to date.
		Alexander Severus built a new aqueduct, the Aqua Alexandrina, which may have terminated on the Esquiline hill.
		He restored and enlarged the Baths of Nero and renamed them the Thermae Alexandrina (Baths of Alexander), which were then provided with water from the Aqua Alexandrina.
	jefferson.village.virginia.edu /waters/query15.html (117 words)

	Basic History and Overview of Rome
		These expansions were needed to house the huge increase of population caused by the centralisation of the Italian state.
		Rome hosted the 1960 Summer Olympics, using many ancient sites such as the Villa Borghese and the Thermae of Caracalla as venues.
		For the Olympic Games many new structures where created, notably the new large Olympic Stadium and the Villaggio Olimpico.
	people.smu.edu /fallegra/Factsandterms.html (1072 words)

	Google Earth Hacks - File Downloads - Sightseeing: Historical Placemarks - Thermae of Caracalla, Rome
		File Downloads : Sightseeing: Historical Placemarks : Thermae of Caracalla, Rome
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	www.googleearthhacks.com /dlfile4948/Thermae-of-Caracalla,-Rome.htm (129 words)

	Amazon.com: thermae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Art Poster Print - Thermae - Artist: Hubert Robert- Poster Size: 31 X 23.
		Thermae, Art Poster by Hubert Robert by barewalls
		View or change your orders in Your Account.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=thermae&tag=icongroupinterna&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (315 words)

	Baths of Caracalla, Rome (Photo Archive)
		Photo gallery of 68 pictures for "Baths of Caracalla"
		Prints of the photographs are available — read more here.
		This page is linked under the names "Baths of Caracalla" and "Thermae Antoninianae".
	sights.seindal.dk /sight/987_Baths_of_Caracalla.html (138 words)

	Baths of Caracalla on Flickr - Photo Sharing!
		Baths of Caracalla on Flickr - Photo Sharing!
		I have a set of 69 photos of this model on my Flickr photosite.
		Yesterday, I was contacted by an editor for Phaidon Press about including this picture of the Baths of Caracalla in an upcoming book on the history of building design.
	www.flickr.com /photos/mrjennings/120267581 (151 words)

	Aventino S. Anselmo Hotels Rome - Virtual Tour Hotel Rome Thermae of Caracalla - Hotel Villa S. Pio
		Aventino S. Anselmo Hotels Rome - Virtual Tour Hotel Rome Thermae of Caracalla - Hotel Villa S. Pio
		Click on the movies ones to flank in order to see the virtual tour of the rooms and of knows them of the hotel.
		If you do not have it you can download following it this link
	www.aventinohotels.com /inglese/virtual_tour1.htm (66 words)

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