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	Equator \| Koordinaten / Informationen / Encyclopedia of terms - Equator
		The equator is one of the five main circles of latitude based on the relationship of the Earth's rotation and plane of orbit around the sun.
		At the equator, the rays of the sun are perpendicular to the surface of the earth on these dates.
		The surface of the Earth at the equator is mainly ocean.
	www.koordinaten.de /english/encyclopedia/eqautor.shtml (623 words)

	Equator:
		The equator is an imaginary line on the Earth's surface equidistant from the North Pole and South Pole.
		The equator is one of the five main circles of latitude that are based on the relationship between the Earth's axis of rotation and the plane of the Earth's orbit around the sun.
		In either case the length of the equator is by definition exactly 2π times the given standard, which to the nearest millimeter is 40,075,016.686 m in WGS-84 and 40,075,035.535 m in IAU-1976 and IAU-2000.
	winelib.com /wiki/Equator (1013 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Equator
		The equator is one of the five main circles of latitude based on the relationship of the Earth's rotation and plane of orbit around the sun.
		At the equator, the rays of the sun are perpendicular to the surface of the earth on these dates.
		The surface of the Earth at the equator is mainly ocean.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Equator (742 words)

	Untitled Document
		• The primary reason of the formation of monsoons, is the different warming-up of the seas and the land on the Earth's surface, and that the thermal and geographical Equator do not coincide and the thermal one is not parallel with the latitude circles.
		• Because of the amplitude of the thermal Equator the trade wind crosses the geographical Equator, where because of the rotation of the Earth they change their direction.
		In the summer of the southern hemisphere the north-eastern trade wind of the northern hemisphere crosses the geographical Equator.
	library.thinkquest.org /03oct/01429/monsoon.htm (349 words)

	Ta-Tm
		Due to the thermal inertia of the ocean, the position of this moves north and south with the Sun but is always between the Sun and the geographic equator.
		The mean position is north of the geographic equator due mainly to the majority of land masses being in the northern hemisphere.
		The thermal wind equations are derived from the horizontal equations of motion and the hydrostatic equation, beginning with the equations of motion reduced to the geostrophic equations, i.e.
	www-ocean.tamu.edu /~baum/paleo/paleogloss-old/node39.html (1544 words)

	Lecture 9 (13 February 2003) - Tropical Climates and Life Zones
		The "thermal equator" occurs where the sun is directly overhead.
		At the thermal equator, warm moist air rises, expands and cools as it rises (i.e.
		Ocean currents moving towards the Equator from high latitudes along the western sides of continents tend to be colder than adjacent lands within the tropics.
	fig.cox.miami.edu /~djanos/bil336_03/13_feb.html (1087 words)

	General Circulation
		The westerlies expand toward the equator in winter and shrink toward the North Pole in summer, following the seasonal migration of the sun.
		B. The ridgeline slopes upward toward the equator (the hydrostatic equation states that warm air is associated with an upper High).
		The upper-level pressure gradient is determined by the low-level horizontal temperature gradient (the hydrostatic equation).
	www.csun.edu /~hcgeg004/circulation.html (1396 words)

	The weathermen of Mars
		According to Los Alamos' principal investigator on the project, Bill Feldman, this spatial distribution of hydrogen deposits cannot be explained by the general north-south latitude gradient of water vapor that is in the present Martian atmosphere, thereby requiring different climatic conditions in the relatively recent past.
		Maps of thermal, epithermal, and fast neutrons for the northern Martian latitudes-northward of +45 degrees-were also studied to determine the time variation of carbon dioxide frost at latitudes during late winter mid summer.
		Thermal neutrons are low energy neutrons that are in thermal contact with the soil.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-12/danl-two120902.php (611 words)

	[No title]
		] A unit of thermal capacitance equal to the thermal capacitance of a body for which an increase in entropy of 1 joule per kelvin results in a temperature rise of 1 kelvin.
		] A technique for detecting explosives, in which the object under inspection is conveyed through a cloud of thermal neutrons (generated by slowing down fast neutrons in multiple collisions in a moderator surrounding the source), and the characteristic high-energy gamma rays that are then emitted by the objects are used in analysis and imaging.
		] The steering of an atmospheric disturbance in the direction of the thermal wind in its vicinity; equivalent to steering along thickness lines; for this purpose the thermal wind is usually taken from the earth's surface to a level in the middle troposphere.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/T/T11/DictT11.html (2218 words)

	Glossary of Terms: T
		This law states if all the thermal motion of molecules (kinetic energy) could be removed, a state called absolute zero would result and all energy would be randomly distributed.
		Layer in the atmosphere found from the surface to a height of between 8 to 16 kilometers of altitude (average height 11 kilometers).
		The troposphere is thinnest at poles and gradually increases in thickness as one approaches the equator.
	www.physicalgeography.net /physgeoglos/t.html (2102 words)

	Lecture 7 (6 February 2001) - Tropical Climates
		Air rushing back to the thermal equator along the surface produces the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) approximately at the thermal equator.
		One of the subtle concerns associated with global warming is that because of increased temperature high in the Earth’s atmosphere, rising air masses may not cool as quickly and so instead of cool dry air descending at about 30 degrees N and S latitude, it may not descend until ca.
		A second short dry season can result (the "veranillo") near the Equator when the thermal equator has moved to its most northward or southward position.
	fig.cox.miami.edu /~djanos/bil336_01/6_feb.html (531 words)

	1.9 Horizontal Temperature and Pressure Gradients (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The thermal equator lags behind the movement of the sun as observed on the earth.
		2.17 and 2.19, it is noted that the thermal wind relationship is a valid approximation for the mean fields, i.e.
		This is because the Coriolis parameter decreases equatorward and vanishes at the equator.
	www.nrlmry.navy.mil /~chu/chap2/se109.htm (287 words)

	Solar Thermal Roof (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		If you live on or close to the equator you’re in the twilight zone of solar thermal roof application and you’ll probably have more sunlight than you know what to do with so this book was not written for you.
		Since I live North of the equator at a latitude of 41 degrees my references with respect to roof orientation will be made with respect to this latitude.
		This 600 square foot solar thermal roof is capable of a 190,000 BTU harvest per hour in direct sunlight which is the fuel oil equivalent of 1.26 gallons.
	www.jc-solarhomes.com /solar_thermal_roof.htm (1899 words)

	The weathermen of Mars \| The Newsbulletin \| December 11, 2002
		According to Bill Feldman of Space and Atmospheric Sciences (NIS-1) and Los Alamos' principal investigator on the project, this spatial distribution of hydrogen deposits cannot be explained by the general north-south latitude gradient of water vapor that is in the present Martian atmosphere, thereby requiring different climatic conditions in the relatively recent past.
		Maps of thermal, epithermal and fast neutrons for the northern Martian latitudes - northward of +45 degrees - also were studied to determine the time variation of carbon dioxide frost at latitudes during late winter-mid summer.
		That data revealed the extent to which the northern and southern polar caps are covered by a thick layer of carbon dioxide, or dry ice.
	www.lanl.gov /orgs/pa/newsbulletin/2002/12/11/text02.shtml (564 words)

	Oceanog. in Ordovician
		The meteorological equator or thermal equator is the line that divides the polarward heat transfer in half.
		As the centre of the atmospheric low pressure at the meteorological equator is characterized by rising air, surface wind flow is diminished, as signified by the calms of the doldrums.
		Vanyo and Awrarnik (1985), using data derived from stromatolites, indicated that the obliquity of the Earth's rotation to the ecliptic at 850 Ma was similar to the modem.
	www.marscigrp.org /nfl91.html (7805 words)

	Investigation of the Martian Environment by Infrared Spectroscopy
		This property of the thermal emission permits retrieval of surface and atmospheric temperatures, surface and atmospheric compositions, and total amount of CO in an atmospheric column.
		For use in fluid dynamic equations, analytic models of the longitudinally averaged temperature fields were constructed from measured atmospheric temperatures obtained on orbits 1-85 and 161-186.
		Comparison of the two wind fields indicates that the thermal winds are a rather poor approximation, and there is considerable cross-isobaric flow due to the tidal nature of the wind regime.
	mars.spherix.com /spie2/Reprint61.htm (7363 words)

	Unit 1. The Water Planet
		The Oceanographic Thermal Equator is a direct reflection of the ocean’s ability to balance temperature.
		The annual variation of temperature in subsurface layers depends on several additional factors–namely, the variation in the amount of heat that is directly absorbed at different depths, the effect of heat conduction, the variation in currents related to lateral displacement, and the effect of vertical motion.
		Within the sea, the coefficient of thermal expansion is affected by salinity, temperature, and pressure.
	www.fas.org /spp/military/docops/afwa/ocean-U1.htm (11856 words)

	Hawley and Balbus: 3D Simulations
		Within the disk the gas is approximately rotating on cylinders, characteristic of a nearly barotropic equation of state.
		The thermal, orbital and kinetic energies comprise 25%, 21%, and 12% of the increase respectively.
		Although resistive dissipation increases the overall thermal energy, it must do so at the expense of the magnetic field, which is driving the accretion flow in the first place.
	www.astro.virginia.edu /VITA/papers/nraf2/section3.html (2481 words)

	NOTES 8/31/98
		Since the earth moves around the sun during the year, and since it is tilted on its axis, the equator is not always the region of maximum energy input.
		This region moves north and south of the equator during the summers of each hemisphere, and is known as the thermal equator.
		For example, something at the equator (person, tree, or body of air) revolves through space at about 38,400 km per day, while if you were standing on the North Pole, you would barely be moving.
	stripe.colorado.edu /~townsena/1_18_01.html (2257 words)

	The Planetary - Scale Circulation
		This is called a thermally direct circulation; warm air rising and cold air sinking.
		Between 30 N and S and the equator, flow is Northeasterly in the Northern hemisphere and southeasterly in the
		This is a band of low pressure near the equator where precipitation exceeds evaporation.
	www.missouri.edu /~lupoa/atms10511.htm (624 words)

	Slater Museum :: Characteristics of Bioclimatic Zones
		There is a temperature gradient from the equator to the poles because of the earth's orientation toward the sun.
		Current gyres carry cold water toward the equator on east sides of the oceans, warm water to higher latitudes on the west sides.
		The tilting of the earth, with accompanying migration of the thermal equator, causes seasonal changes of wind direction responsible for the seasonality of precipitation patterns in the tropics; precipitation is also affected by the seasons in temperate latitudes.
	www.ups.edu /x6095.xml (1531 words)

	Global Ecology
		The thermal equator lies where the sun’s rays are perpendicular to the Earth’s surface.
		The thermal equator shifts north in June and south in Dec.
		The north and south Hadley Cells meet at the thermal equator.
	www.uwyo.edu /bolton/GE-Lec04.htm (386 words)

	Equator Coffee
		A double-wall insulated brushed stainless steel thermal carafe keeps up to 10 cups of coffee hot for hours.
		Arabica coffee is of much higher quality and has half the caffeine and twice the flavour as Robusta.
		Equator Coffee Roasters Inc., 9a Houston Dr., P.O. Box 1088, Almonte, Ontario K0A 1A0
	www.equator.ca /catalog/search.asp?kind=12 (573 words)

	Site Map: Wakeside.com
		O'Neill Gooru Glide 1.5 mm LS Thermal (2006)
		O'Neill Gooru 2/1 mm LS Spring Wetsuit (2006)
		O'Neill Girls Gooru 1.5 mm LS Thermal (2006)
	www.wakeside.com /page/w/SITE_MAP (1174 words)

	Lecture 4:
		The two strips are welded together and when the temperature changes one strip expands faster than the other causing the welded metals to bend.
		Example: A wind that is blowing from the equator towards the North Pole appears to be bent to the right because the Earth has rotated underneath it.
		Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) – A discontinuous series of thunderstorms along the equator that are due to uplift caused by the convergence of winds and solar heating of the ground along the equator.
	isu.indstate.edu /jspeer/lecture4.html (1931 words)

	Specific Humidity
		The Coriolis force is strongest at the poles, and is zero at the equator.
		Has winds blowing from the equator to the pole in the upper troposphere.
		The “thermal equator” or the ITCZ shifts away from the equator into the summer hemisphere.
	www.atmo.ttu.edu /leary/notes3.html (2278 words)

	lunar2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		On March 13 GMT (Thursday evening local), the spacecraft experienced penumbral eclipse as the moon (and the spacecraft orbiting it), saw the earth partially block the sun.
		During the penumbral eclipse, there was a visible drop in solar array current and the battery showed a slight discharge before entering its normal 46 minute eclipse as it passed over the night side of the moon.
		Also, the spin rate was trimmed to correct for small changes to the spin rate which occurred during last week's orbit trim maneuver.
	lunar.arc.nasa.gov /datavis/1998/03191600.htm (247 words)

	Chapter09Part1
		The NE Trade Winds north of the equator and the SE Trade Winds south of the equator converge at an angle toward the equator (actually toward the Intertropical Convergence Zone [ITCZ] which "straddles" the equator).
		Recall that the ITCZ migrates semi-annually north and south and, because there is more land mass north of the equator in the Atlantic Ocean, the 'thermal equator' (the book calls it the meteorological equator) is centered around 5 deg.
		Note that even the SE Trade Winds (remember that winds are reconned by the direction FROM WHICH they blow) will create Ekman transport away from the geographical equator north of the equator, ensuring that upwelling will result.
	www4.ncsu.edu /eos/users/c/ceknowle/public/chapter09/part1.html (1195 words)

	D:\Teaching-Web\spr255\Ge255-4-6.htm
		Low pressure tendency persists along the Equator and it is caused by energy surplus (thus - thermally driven).
		Let's assume a fixed mass (thus constant mass) of air is moving northward from the equator.
		This is how the atmosphere consumes the "super velocity" gained while traveling away from the Equator in the upper level by descending towards the surface and diverging away from the center of the air columes.
	www.gwu.edu /~geog108/g108-lec-17.html (1297 words)

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