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Topic: Thermal shock

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	Thermal shock resistant ceramic honeycomb structures - Patent 4177307
		Accordingly, in order to increase the thermal shock resistance of the honeycomb-shaped catalyst, it has been proposed that the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic honeycomb substrate be lowered and that the mechanical strength increased.
		When the temperature difference exceeds the thermal shock resistant temperature of the ceramic honeycomb structure, cracks are formed from the outer periphery and the honeycomb structure is broken.
		The thermal shock resistant ceramic honeycomb structures according to the present invention obviate these drawbacks of the conventional ceramic honeycomb structures, are very few in the crack breakage due to the thermal shock and have an excellent thermal shock resistance.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4177307.html (1789 words)

	Module 3 Thermal Shock (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Thermal stresses effect the operation of facilities, both because of the large components subject to stress and because they are effected by the way in which the plant is operated. This chapter describes the concerns associated with thermal stress.
		Thermal shock is caused by nonuniform heating or cooling of a uniform material, or uniform heating of nonuniform materials.
		Thermal stress is a major concern due to the magnitude of the stresses involved with rapid heating (or cooling).
	www.tpub.com /doematerialsci/materialscience37.htm (1111 words)

	Anderson Electronics, Inc. - Tutorial (Shock)
		Mechanical shock is the exposure of the quartz resonator to an impact.
		Thermal shock is the sudden exposure of a quartz resonator to wide temperature changes – very cold to very hot and vice versa.
		Similar to mechanical shock design, selection of material, internal mounting structure and processes can all be optimized to enhance a resonators ability to survive thermal shock.
	www.aextal.com /tutorial-shock.htm (464 words)

	Thermal Shock Testing Services - ESSC
		ESSC thermal shock testing is designed to thermally shock and stress a product as a result of rapid temperature changes from extreme cold to hot environments.
		Thermal shock testing detects latent product flaws by stimulating defects at the lowest level of assembly, before they reach your customer.
		Thermal Shock testing is designed for testing electrical, automotive, and military components.
	www.esscinc.com /services/thermalshock.htm (78 words)

	Empfasis - Vibration/Shock & Thermal Testing
		The advent of combining environmental conditions such as vibration, shock and heat has presented test engineers both a challenge and opportunity to observe the behavior of electronic assemblies, while simultaneously maintaining the required thermal and shock conditions.
		A thermal kit comprising of a neoprene gasket is used to insulate, seal, and isolate the vibration unit from the temperature chamber.
		In choosing a system one should observe the sine, random, and shock force ratings and be aware that often times, unless specified, the ratings may only include the weight of the shaker armature, not the test fixtures or the test specimen itself.
	www.empf.org /empfasis/2006/may06/vib-0506.html (1698 words)

	Quixotic Creations Cracking and Thermal Shock
		Thermal shock occurs when too much stress is created in a piece of ware during the heating and cooling process.
		Thermal shock can result when changes in temperature occur in the kiln during heating and cooling.
		Thermal shock can also occur when ware is stressed in use, such as a casserole or dish that is taken from the freezer or refrigerator and put into a hot oven.
	www.quixoticcreations.com /store/crackingthermal.asp (666 words)

	Silicon Cert Ltd. - Thermal Shock Testing
		Thermal Shock testing is meant to accelerate failure modes due to very rapid changes of temperature (<10 seconds liquid-to-liquid).
		Liquid-to-liquid Thermal Shock testing uses heating/cooling by conduction; whereas Temperature Cycle testing is by convection, which is a much slower process than conduction.
		Thermal Shock is usually specified for 15 cycles and a minimum dwell of 2 minutes.
	siliconcert.com /reliability_news/r_news_five.htm (399 words)

	Thermal shock resistant split-cylinder structures - Patent 4402662
		Thermal shock resistant catalytic monolithic structures are described comprising split-cylinders with flow-through passages.
		Catalytic combustors using catalyst structures of the present invention are surprisingly resistant to thermal shock.
		Ceramics with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, such as a nickel doped stabilized zirconia, may be used.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4402662.html (845 words)

	Motorola Product Testing Services Thermal Shock Testing
		It is similar to thermal cycling, but more severe and may involve different failure mechanisms.
		Air-to-air thermal shock testing employs a very high rate of temperature change, typically 30 degrees C per minute or higher.
		Of note is that thermal shock is designed to "relieve" stress inherent in incorrectly designed or manufactured components as opposed to the fatiguing mechanisms at work in thermal cycling stress.
	www.motorola.com /testservices/thermal_shock1.html (604 words)

	Title
		Currently, more and more manufacturers are turning to full temperature cycling or thermal shock testing of their electronic components, semiconductors, computers, instruments and peripheral electronic equipment.
		Thermal Shock Chambers allow the test specimen to be automatically and repeatedly transferred from a hot environment to a cold environment or the reverse of this temperature sequence.
		This process is defined as true thermal shock, as opposed to thermal cycling, wherein the specimen is introduced into the chamber and the chamber temperature is then cycled; a process which may require two hours to ramp up or down and attain a similar 265°C temperature variation.
	www.lre.com /aa/Associated/thermal_shock_chambers.htm (262 words)

	AES: Thermal Shock Chambers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Thermal Shock Chambers make it possible to automatically and repeatedly transfer a test item from a hot environment to a cold environment or from a cold environment to a hot environment.
		This process is defined as true thermal shock and it is different from thermal cycling, where the specimen is introduced into the chamber and the chamber temperature is then cycled.
		A true thermal shock chamber can achieve a 265°C temperature variation rapidly, while thermal cycling may take hours to ramp up or down.
	www.lre.com /test/associated-new/thermal-shock-chambers.asp (180 words)

	Thermal Ceramics - News/Feature Story
		High radiant thermal efficiency and fast response in heating to equilibrium temperatures are accompanied by an equally fast rate of cooling, which is of importance in many types of process heating.
		Due to the low thermal conductivity and thermal capacity of the Tennaglo plaque material, Tennaglo radiants are capable of meeting with thermal equilibrium in less than 1 minute from ignition.
		Thermal expansion is substantially less than with conventional ceramic radiants and Tennaglo has an extreme resistance to thermal shock.
	www.thermalceramics.com /about/feature.asp?messageid=59 (394 words)

	Environmental Test Chambers Applications - Thermal Shock Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Thermal cycling and testing modules or samples at precise temperature in a controlled environment.
		Application: Thermal Chamber with Optional Patented Probe-through Window, for probing a PCB at -55°/+125°C from one or both sides.
		To achieve fast temperature change rates and precise temperature control, thermal air at precise temperature is supplied to the Chamber via the flexible high volume air hose from the heating/cooling unit.
	www.temptronic.com /Environmental_Test_Chambers/thermochambers.htm (596 words)

	PRESSURIZED THERMAL SHOCK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		PTS is the shock experienced by a thick-walled vessel due to the combined stresses from a rapid temperature and/or pressure change.
		Transients, which combine high system pressure and a severe thermal shock, are potentially more dangerous due to the added effect of the tensile stresses on the inside of the reactor vessel wall.
		In pressurized water reactors (PWRs), the two transients that can cause the most severe thermal shock to the reactor pressure vessel are the LOCA with subsequent injection of emergency core cooling system (ECCS) water and a severe increase in the primary-tosecondary heat transfer.
	www.tpub.com /doematerialsci/materialscience38.htm (685 words)

	Temperature and Thermal Shock - Environ Testing Laboratory
		Temperature testing is used to determine the thermal limits of operation of units, to cause weak parts to show themselves, and to verify internal cooling/heating protection effectiveness.
		We perform thermal shock testing in a Cincinnati Sub-Zero Chamber with transfer carriage dimensions of 17-1/2" x 18" x 18".
		Available shock temperature range from -103° F to + 410° F. Larger chambers can be adapted to thermal shock use with similar high and low ranges.
	www.environlab.com /temp.htm (262 words)

	Thermal shock - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Thermal shock is the name given to cracking as a result of rapid temperature change.
		Reducing the thermal gradient seen by the object, by
		Some glass-ceramic materials include a controlled proportion of material with a negative expansion coefficient, so that the overall coefficient can be reduced to almost exactly zero over a reasonably wide range of temperatures.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thermal_shock (268 words)

	Watershed Connections - Watershed Issues - Thermal Pollution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The raising of the air or water temperature by artificial means is called thermal pollution.
		Four major causes of thermal pollution of water may be identified, viz.
		The effects of thermal pollution are difficult to define with precision.
	outreach.ecology.uga.edu /watershed/thermal.html (697 words)

	Thermotron - Products : Thermal Shock Environmental Chambers
		Thermal Shock Chambers have two or three separately controlled temperature zones between which products are automatically transferred, producing a temperature shock to the product.
		This resulting shock is particularly useful in determining whether a component is good or bad.
		Temperature shock tests were traditionally performed in accordance with military test standards on electronic chips, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards.
	www.thermotron.com /products/thermalshock.html (408 words)

	Tenney Thermal Shock Chambers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Designed primarily to meet the requirements of MIL-STD 883, Method 1010 and MIL-STD 202, Method 107, temperature cycling and thermal shock respectively, these chambers test the resistance of electronic components and assemblies to sudden and severe temperature changes.
		In addition to the popularly-sized 2 cubic foot and 8 cubic foot units, Tenney offers the T-Shock Junior, a bench-top thermal shock chamber with a ¼ cubic foot carriage capacity.
		Thermal shock chambers are offered in three configurations:
	www.lunaire.com /Tenney/thermal-shock.asp (320 words)

	Thermal Shock Chambers, Liquid to Liquid from CSZ
		CSZ's thermal shock chambers are capable of producing optimum stress levels for detecting product flaws by stimulating defects at the lowest level of assembly.
		Liquid thermal shock chambers consist of separately controlled hot and cold baths.
		The CSZ thermal shock bath is equipped with the new CSZ EZT-560 Touch Screen Controller designed to save chamber programming and setup time.
	www.cszindustrial.com /products/thermalshock/tsbseries.htm (256 words)

	temperature and humidity chambers, laboratory ovens, thermal shock, mechanical refrigeration, LN2, environmental ...
		In addition, chambers are fitted with fusible thermal links to guard against temperatures exceeding the upper design limits of the equipment.
		learly, thermal shock testing does provide the means to achieve this reliability objective.
		hermal Shock Chambers allow the test specimen to be automatically and repeatedly transferred from a hot environment to a cold environment or the reverse of this temperature sequence.
	www.bridgetec.com /aes.html (1618 words)

	Honeywell - Thermal Switch
		THERMAL SWITCHES exported from the United States must be done in accordance with the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and/or the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) as applicable.
		NOTE: The TS650 thermal switches have been qualified to the requirements of Military Specification MIL-PRF-24236, titled "Switches, Thermostatic, General Specification For", for Type I, Class 4 devices.
		Honeywell's new TS650 thermal switch is a value engineered product derived from the industry standard TS700 High Reliability product line.
	www.thermalswitch.com /ts650.shtml (517 words)

	What Thermal Shock ?
		It refers to a common practice in the early days of processing tooling where parts were just dropped into a container of liquid nitrogen, which sometimes caused them to crack or shatter from the thermal shock.
		At least one article by a processor manufacturer on the Internet goes to great lengths to explain how their dry process is "safer" than immersion in liquid nitrogen, with the strong implication that any immersion process is "unsafe".
		The processor is not opened until the load has reached ambient room temperature.
	www.yorkcryogenics.com /html/what_thermal_shock__.html (563 words)

	The BestTest Newsletter
		Unfortunately ‘thermal shock tests’ are something that many people ask for without knowing that there are several different interpretations of what that is. And there are folks talking about ‘thermal cycling tests’ that actually mean ‘thermal shock’.
		With thermal shock tests, there are also several ways to define the performance.
		A thermal shock chamber is essentially two connected test chambers, usually sitting on top of each other.
	www.besttest.com /BestTest_Newsletters/Dec_1_2005.htm (1722 words)

	Thermal Stress and Thermal Shock of Materials - a PDH Online Course for Engineers & Geologists
		Engineers, architects and contractors can use this course as a necessary training material to ensure a basic understanding of the thermal stress and thermal shock of materials or as a supplement to the course M153 - Fundamentals of Material Science.
		This course explains how thermal stress and thermal shock combined with pressure can cause major damage to components, and describes the methods in preventing the system from thermal shock.
		The course materials are based entirely on Module 3 - Thermal Shock in Volume 2 of the U.S. Department of Energy's Fundamentals Handbook - Material Science.
	www.pdhonline.org /courses/m154/m154.htm (376 words)

	Honeywell - Custom Thermal Switch
		Honeywell's Custom Thermal Switch configurations utilize the basic 250 or 500 Series hermetically sealed switching mechanism.
		Thermal response of our custom switches can be tailored to meet specific application requirements.
		All Honeywell Custom Thermal Switches are ideally suited to applications where exceptional reliability and consistent high quality are key requirements.
	www.thermalswitch.com /tscustom.shtml (277 words)

	Thermal Shock Testing - Package Testing & Product Testing Services - DDL
		Thermal shock testing involves exposing a package or product to extreme temperatures to determine its resistance to sudden changes in temperature.
		The package or product undergoes a pre-determined number of cycles during which it is exposed to extremely high temperatures and then extremely low temperatures immediately afterwards.
		After the final cycle has been performed, the package or product is inspected for damage, loss of integrity and loss of performance or functionality.
	www.testedandproven.com /thermal_shock.html (139 words)

	Thermal Shock Testing - C & C Technologies
		Thermal Shock Testing - C and C Technologies
		Thermal Shock testing is the most strenuous temperature test, designed to show how the product will perform as it expands and contracts under extreme conditions.
		Thermal Shock testing creates an environment that will show in a short period of time how products stand under adverse field conditions and through out years of change.
	www.vibration-testing.com /cctech.nsf/ThermalShock (165 words)

	Thermal Shock Chambers - Teslatest Systems
		Teslatest Systems are able to offer a complete range of Thermal Shock test chambers that meet the requirements of all the standards test specifications including MIL standards.
		The chambers are supplied in three sizes as standard and can be supplied with either single stage (-40°C) or cascade (-70°C) refrigeration systems.
		The thermal shock chambers are supplied with a fully programmable controller for complete cycle programming which is of Eurotherm manufacture.
	www.teslatest.co.uk /thermal_shock.htm (652 words)

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