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Topic: Thermopylae

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	THERMOPYLAE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Thermopylae was the main route by which an invading army could penetrate from the north into southern Greece.
		In ancient times it was a narrow track about 15 m (about 50 ft) wide passing under a cliff, but alluvial deposits have so altered the coastline that it is now a broad swampy plain from 2.4 to 4.8 km (1.5 to 3 mi) wide.
		During the Persian Wars, Thermopylae won eternal fame as the scene of the heroic death of Leonidas I and his 1400 men, 300 of whom were Spartans, in their attempt to stem the tide of Persian invasion in 480 bc.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=224010 (521 words)

	TheHistoryNet \| MHQ \| Battle of Thermopylae: Leonidas the Hero
		In the slaughtering pen at Thermopylae -- as the narrow killing fields might be called -- a king died and a legend was born.
		Thermopylae is the prototype of many a last stand, from Roncesvalles to the Alamo to Isandlhwana to Bastogne.
		Thermopylae is narrowest at its two ends, the so-called East and West Gates, while the mountains are sharpest in the center of the pass, at the so-called Middle Gate (all modern appellations).
	www.historynet.com /magazines/mhq/3033206.html (1284 words)

	Movie Review "300"
		The choke point for the Persian advance was the pass at Thermopylae, where the main route south from northern Greece ran through a narrow lane between the sea and the steep slopes of Mt. Kallidromos.
		The pass at Thermopylae was the scene of several such engagements in antiquity and during later centuries, but the most dramatic example of history repeating itself occurred in April 1941.
		The pass at Thermopylae is shown as a very narrow cleft between vertical rock faces, more appropriate for the canyon country of southern Utah than to the actual topography of this region of Greece.
	www.archaeology.org /online/reviews/300.html (2476 words)

	Thermopylae: Round One in the Clash of Civilizations - December 4, 2006 - The New York Sun
		It was not Marathon, but Thermopylae, 10 years after Marathon, that kept him and the rest of the West out of the woods.
		Thermopylae was a mountain defile, scarcely 20 meters wide in some places, and it was here that 300 Spartans, commanded by their king Leonidas, took their stand against Xerxes's troops.
		For him, Thermopylae was a triumph of "reasoned devotion to, and self-sacrifice in the name of, a higher collective cause, Freedom." The strange capitalization is Mr.
	www.nysun.com /article/44526 (710 words)

	THERMOPYLAE
		The Thermopylae was built in 1868 at the shipyard of Walter Hood & Co., Aberdeen, for George Thompson.
		Some sources have it that the Thermopylae came to her end in 1906 when she was torpedoed at sea by units of the Portuguese Navy.
		Though the Thermopylae was regarded as the fastest clipper ship to have sailed the oceans of the world, her memory lives on in the hearts and minds of only an informed few.
	seagifts.com /thermopylae.html (502 words)

	Untitled Document
		He had now come to Thermopylae, accompanied by the three hundred men which the law assigned him, whom he had himself chosen from among the citizens, and who were all of them fathers with sons living.
		The Greek forces at Thermopylae, when the Persian army drew near to the entrance of the pass, were seized with fear; and a council was held to consider about a retreat.
		The Greeks at Thermopylae received the first warning of the destruction which the dawn would bring on them from the seer Megistias, who read their fate in the victims as he was sacrificing.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Herother.html (3749 words)

	Livius Picture Archive: the battle of Thermopylae (480 BCE)
		Meanwhile, the Spartans, commanded by their king Leonidas, were to keep the coastal road at Thermopylae (the name, "hot gate", is derived from the sulfurous spring on this photo).
		To synchronize the attack on Thermopylae with the fight at Artemisium, Xerxes waited four days before he ordered his soldiers to attack the contemptibly small Greek garrison of 4,000 men.
		The fact that a nightly operation was possible, makes it possible to date the battle of Thermopylae to a night with more or less full moon: 17, 18 and 19 September (or one day later).
	www.livius.org /a/battlefields/thermopylae/thermopylae.html (965 words)

	Macedonia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Greeks might have succeeded in holding the narrow pass of Thermopylae had not a traitor told the Persians of a secret mountain path that allowed them to turn the pass.
		When the fighting at Thermopylae was over, Leonidas and his men lay dead, but the Spartan king had earned immortal fame for his heroism.
		The name Thermopylae (Hot Gates) refers to the warm springs that bubbled here in antiquity, when the pass was considerably narrower than it is now that centuries of silt have built up the seashore.
	www.pilgrimtours.com /greece/info/thermopylae.htm (335 words)

	Thermopylae
		Her greatest rival, the 'Cutty Sark' only ever beat 'Thermopylae's' speeds on the return journey to Britain, though this is open to scrutiny, as they were never actually raced at the same time and under the same conditions ('Cutty Sark' was loaded for racing whilst 'Thermopylae' was loaded to the gunnels for financial gain...typically Aberdonian.......).
		'Thermopylae' and the 'Aberdeen Line' fleet in general maintained a reputation across all their routes for style and class, the ships always gleaming like new pins on arrival in port with their glistening green livery.
		In 1890, 'Thermopylae' was sold to Mr Reford of Mount Royal Milling and Manufacturing Co. of Victoria, British Columbia for the sum of £5,000 where after a refit and changes to her rigging (reduced to barque rig) she traded the northern Pacific.
	www.red-rooster.co.uk /ships/thermop.htm (771 words)

	The Battle of Thermopylae
		Clearly Thermopylae was a location of great strategic importance, because it commands the pass through which one goes after traveling south from Thessaly through Lokris and into Boeotia.
		It is not here, however, but elsewhere that the way is narrowest, namely, in front of Thermopylae and behind it; at Alpeni, which lies behind, it is only the breadth of a cart-way, and it is the same at the Phoenix stream, near the town of Anthele.
		To the west of Thermopylae rises a high mountain, inaccessible and precipitous, a spur of Oeta; to the east of the road there is nothing but marshes and sea.
	academic.reed.edu /humanities/110Tech/Thermopylae.html (2560 words)

	Military History Online - Thermopylae
		The king at the time before Thermopylae was Darius, a priest of the Median class of magicians who faked his identity by saying that he was the brother of the murdered heir (Moerbeek 1).
		The legend of Thermopylae cannot be demoted to a three-day battle in which the Persians, who are seen as villains of this battle, win.
		Thermopylae was not a battle that changed the way we look at life, nor did it save Western civilization in which other battles lay claim.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /ancient/articles/Thermopylae.aspx (3195 words)

	[No title]
		In the land battle of Thermopylae, things went well for the Spartans during the first two days; Xerses' attacks were all repulsed with heavy losses for the Persians.
		Actually, Thermopylae is a small plain delimited by Aegean Sea to the North and by rocky mountains to the South.
		Thermopylae is always described as a "pass", a "mountain pass" or a "narrow pass".
	utenti.lycos.it /fvianello/WT_Thermopylae01.html (877 words)

	The Spartans and Thermopylae
		Ordered to stand firm and hold the pass of Thermopylae against the Persians, the Spartans refused to retreat and were eventually defeated.
		Xerxes’ campaign was motivated partly by the desire to avenge the Greeks’ defeat of the Persians at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, and partly by ambition for imperial expansion.
		The remaining Greeks, under the leadership of Sparta, abandoned the Thessalian frontier and made a stand instead at the pass of Thermopylae (meaning "hot gates," a reference to the hot sulfur springs in the vicinity).
	www.dandoman.com /Spartans_thermopylae.html (823 words)

	THERMOPYLAE
		Some sources have it that the Thermopylae came to her end in 1906 when she was torpedoed at sea by units of the Portuguese Navy.
		Be that as it may, though second to none, the Thermopylae came to a lonely and undignified end to sink beneath the waves which she so proudly battled for more than thirty years.
		Though the Thermopylae was regarded as the fastest clipper ship to have sailed the oceans of the world, her memory lives on in the hearts and minds of only an informed few.
	www.seagifts.com /thermopylae.html (465 words)

	Thermopylae Online - Free Software Downloads and Software Reviews - Download.com
		Thermopylae Online is a free two player turn based strategy game covering the famous battle where 300 Spartans led a small Greek force vs a massive Persian army.
		Thermopylae Online is free because its web page elements are supported via banner advertisements, plus for very active players Enhanced Membership packages that raise your total number of ongoing game credits are available.
		Thermopylae Online games are saved on the Guild of Blades servers so games may be played in a single setting or over the course of many days, depending on the schedules of the two players.
	www.download.com /Thermopylae-Online/3000-7503_4-10630747.html (263 words)

	Week Five: Thermopylae
		The 300 Spartans who perished at Thermopylae became symbols of the Spartans’ commitment to their beliefs in standing their ground despite insurmountable odds.
		Monument to Leonidas and the 300 Spartans at Thermopylae
		Monument of the Last Stand at Thermopylae; although this monument supposedly sits where the 300 Spartans made their last stand against the Persians, it is more likely that it was one of their allies stationed here.
	www.fullerton.edu /it/itfitness/archive/marathon/weekfive/weekfive.htm (323 words)

	Thermopylae
		Thermopylae has been used as a name for ships among Greek shipowners repeatedly in the modern era.
		Christened Thermopylae, it established speed records, and was notable for having a male figurehead wearing armor, helmet, shield and sword.
		The battle of Thermopylae is often seen as the beginning of organised resistance against the confiscation of arms and, as such, has become a legend amongst pro-gun activists.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/History/Battles/Thermopylae.html (2084 words)

	Thermopylae: The Battle That Changed the World: Current Amazon U.S.A. One-Edition Data
		The stand by 300 Spartans at the pass of Thermopylae in northern Greece is one of the most revered foundation stories of Western civilization.
		In 480 BC, a huge Persian army, led by the inimitable King Xerxes, entered the mountain pass of Thermopylae as it marched on Greece, intending to conquer the land with little difficulty.
		The battle of Thermopylae was at its broadest a clash of civilizations; one that momentously helped shape the identity of classical Greece and hence the nature of our own cultural heritage.
	www.halloween.com /halloween-books/free.php?in=us&asin=1585675660 (543 words)

	Sparta Pages: Thermopylae, the Alamo of Greece
		Thermopylae ("the hot gates"), sheltering beneath the mountains overlooking the Malian Gulf, was the logical place to mount a defense.
		The death-struggle of the Greeks at Thermopylae was long celebrated by ancient historians, and there is no reason to doubt that it was a particularly desperate and merciless contest.
		The stand at Thermopylae had been inspiring, but it was still a calamity and Greece lay in mortal danger for the next year.
	uts.cc.utexas.edu /~sparta/topics/essays/academic/alamo.htm (4883 words)

	Thermopylae - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Thermopylae [Gr.,=hot gates, from hot mineral springs nearby], pass, E central Greece, SE of Lamía, between the cliffs of Mt. Oeta and the Malic Gulf.
		Thermopylae at Lookout Mountain.(federal judge rules against prayer in public schools in DeKalb County, Alabama)(Brief Article)
		William Napier relishes an epic retelling of the battles of Marathon, Salamis and Thermopylae, victories whose importance for the west can't be exaggerated.(Features)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Thermopy.html (499 words)

	Battle of Thermopylae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Using the site's resources, you will download a map of Thermopylae and annotate and illustrate it with primary sources.
		Read all about the Battle of Thermopylae from Herodotus's account of the battle.
		Type "thermopylae" into the search box, and find picture No. 9 from the picture library.
	www.usfca.edu /classes/AuthEd/Set.Goes/SStudies/Thermopylae/Thermopylae.html (253 words)

	Clipper Ship Thermopylae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On her maiden voyage Thermopylae made a record crossing from Gravesend to Melbourne in 63 days, on her continued voyage to Shanghai she set another record between those two ports.
		Thermopylae finally arrived in London only seven days ahead of her rival.
		In 1895 Thermopylae was sold to the Portuguese Government who converted her to a training ship and renamed her Pedro Nunes.
	www.globalindex.com /clippers/museum/thermoph.htm (191 words)

	Promare: Project Thermopylae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Thermopylae (1868) was the second composite ship built at Walter Hood's shipyard.
		Cargo capacity would have been quite important as Thermopylae was intended for the tea and wool trades.
		Thermopylae's greatest rival was Cutty Sark but it is uncertain which vessel was faster.
	www.promare.org /project_thermopylae.html (206 words)

	Thermopylae - Book Reviews - Books - Entertainment - theage.com.au
		Thermopylae came to represent the war between Greece and Persia in 480BC.
		Truth is always the first casualty of war - an impossibly large Persian army emphasised the subsequent feat of the Greeks in defeating the Persian king and rejecting his wicked authoritarian ways.
		Thermopylae was not the deciding clash of the war.
	www.theage.com.au /news/book-reviews/thermopylae/2007/01/26/1169594482954.html (735 words)

	Thermopylae - Definition, explanation
		Thermopylae (Greek:Θερμοπυλαι;) is a mountain pass in Greece.
		The pass runs from Locris into Thessaly between Mount Oeta and the sea (Maliac Gulf).
		It is chiefly famous for the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/t/th/thermopylae.php (199 words)

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