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	Thiamine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Thiamine was first discovered in 1910 by Umetaro Suzuki of Japan when researching how rice bran cured patients of Beriberi.
		Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is a coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase, and transketolase.
		TPP is synthesized by the enzyme thiamine pyrophosphokinase, which requires free thiamine, magnesium, and adenosine triphosphate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thiamine (602 words)

	Lifespan's A - Z Health Information Library - Thiamine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thiamine is one of the B vitamins, a group of water-soluble vitamins that participate in many of the chemical reactions in the body.
		Thiamine is found in fortified breads, cereals, pasta, whole grains (especially wheat germ), lean meats (especially pork), fish, dried beans, peas, and soybeans.
		Thiamine deficiency in the U.S. is most often seen in alcoholics, because heavy drinking limits the ability of the body to absorb this vitamin from foods.
	www.lifespan.org /adam/healthillustratedencyclopedia/1/002401.html (401 words)

	[No title]
		Absorption/Storage :Thiamine is absorbed in the upper and lower sections of the small intestine.
		Thiamine must be replenished every 5-6 hours since it is excreted.
		Deficiency: Diffucult to diagnose, thiamine deficiency is usually characterized by fatigue, loss of appetite, emotional instabilty, and an inability to concentrate.
	www.nutritiondynamics.com /encyclopedia/Thiamine.htm (604 words)

	Olympus MIC-D: Polarized Light Gallery - Thiamine (Vitamin B-1)
		Thiamine (more commonly referred to as vitamin B-1) was previously known as the anti-beriberi factor, and is essential for carbohydrate metabolism as a coenzyme.
		Thiamine is unstable to heat, alkali, oxygen, and radiation.
		An overdose of vitamin B-1 (thiamine shock) is indicated by weakness, a burning sensation, nausea, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, collapse, and even death.
	www.olympusmicro.com /micd/galleries/polarized/thiamine1.html (571 words)

	Thiamine (Vitamin B-1)
		Thiamine, or vitamin B1, a colorless, crystalline substance, acts as a catalyst in carbohydrate metabolism, enabling pyruvic acid to be absorbed and carbohydrates to release their energy, and is needed for normal muscle tone of vital internal organs.
		Sufficient thiamine in the diet is a sure cure for beriberi, a fact that was established over a long period of time through crude dietary experiments by the Chinese, Japanese, and Dutch.
		Common sources of thiamine are kidney, liver, brewer's yeast, flour, beans, pork, salmon, soybeans, and wheat germ.
	www.drlera.com /health_beauty/nutrition_information/thiamine.htm (322 words)

	The Role of Thiamine Deficiency in Alcoholic Brain Disease
		Thiamine is ingested with the diet, and to exert its effects in the cells it must be transported from the gastrointestinal tract to the tissues and cells.
		Decreased Uptake of Thiamine From the Gastrointestinal Tract
		Thiamine malabsorption could become clinically significant if combined with the reduced dietary thiamine intake that is typically found in alcoholics, when other aspects of thiamine utilization are compromised by alcohol, or when a person requires increased thiamine amounts because of his or her specific metabolism or condition (e.g., in pregnant or lactating women).
	pubs.niaaa.nih.gov /publications/arh27-2/134-142.htm (6415 words)

	Vitamins : Vitamin B1 - Thiamine
		Thiamin or Thiamine, also known as Vitamin B1 is is a water-soluble vitamin needed to process carbohydrates, fat, and protein.
		Thiamine is a coenzyme for the decarboxylation of pyruvate and the oxidation of alpha keto-glutamic acid.
		Thiamine is essential for the transmission of certain types of nerve signal between the brain and the spinal cord.
	www.greatvistachemicals.com /vitamins-vitamin/thiamine-vitamin-b1.html (489 words)

	Vitamin B1 -- Thiamine - Elson M. Haas M.D. - HealthWorld Online
		Sources: Since thiamine is lost in cooking and is depleted by use of sugar, coffee, tannin from fl teas, nicotine, and alcohol, it is necessary to insure that intake of thiamine is optimal.
		Thiamine also has a mild diuretic effect and is supportive of heart function, so it is suggested in the treatment program for many cardiovascular problems.
		With a deficiency of thiamine, carbohydrate digestion and the metabolism of glucose are diminished.
	www.healthy.net /scr/Article.asp?Id=1922 (1692 words)

	Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
		Similar to some other B complex vitamins, thiamine is considered an "anti-stress" vitamin because it is believed to enhance the activity of the immune system and improve the body's ability to withstand stressful conditions.
		Thiamine is found in both plants and animals and plays a crucial role in certain metabolic reactions, particularly, as mentioned, the conversion of carbohydrates (starches) into energy.
		Thiamine deficiency is rare, but tends to occur in people who get most of their calories from sugar or alcohol.
	www.umm.edu /altmed/ConsSupplements/VitaminB1Thiaminecs.html (1691 words)

	Thiamine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B, is a colorless compound with chemical formula.
		Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is a coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and transketolase.
		Thiamine Responsive Megaloblastic Anemia with diabetes mellitus and sensorineural deafness (TRMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene SLC19A2, a high affinity thiamine transporter.
	www.yotor.com /wiki/en/th/Thiamine.htm (213 words)

	eMedicine - Beriberi (Thiamine Deficiency) : Article by Ginette V Busschots
		Thiamine serves as a coenzyme in a variety of metabolic processes as thiamine pyrophosphate.
		Thiamine is not toxic in high levels; thus, this route carries little risk and time is saved in treating the patient and money is saved in testing.
		Thiamine is not present in fats or highly refined sugars and is present sparingly in cassava.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic221.htm (2261 words)

	Thiamine - Monograph Alternative Medicine Review - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thiamine is crucial in glucose energy-utilizing pathways, particularly in the central nervous system, which needs a continuous supply of glucose.
		Thiamine deficiency, manifesting as beriberi or Wernicke-Korsakoff psychosis, has been considered to be a problem only in non-developed countries where white rice is a staple of the diet or in advanced alcoholics.
		Thiamine deficiency, diagnosed by plasma levels, red cell transketolase, or thiamine pyrophosphate percentage effect, has been documented in adolescents eating an average American diet, (20) in 38 percent of a group of non-alcoholic psychiatric patients, (21) 33-55 percent of geriatric populations.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FDN/is_1_8/ai_98540124 (623 words)

	Thiamine (Vitamin B 1) (Systemic) - MayoClinic.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thiamine may also be used for other conditions as determined by your health care professional.
		Claims that thiamine is effective for treatment of skin problems, chronic diarrhea, tiredness, mental problems, multiple sclerosis, nerve problems, and ulcerative colitis (a disease of the intestines), or as an insect repellant or to stimulate appetite have not been proven.
		Thiamine is found in various foods, including cereals (whole-grain and enriched), peas, beans, nuts, and meats (especially pork and beef).
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/drug-information/DR202560 (1392 words)

	thiamine (vitamin B1) - [Medication]
		Thiamine is important in the breakdown of carbohydrates (sugars) in the foods we eat into products needed by the body.
		Thiamine is used to prevent and to treat deficiencies of thiamine.
		Thiamine is in the FDA pregnancy category A. This means that thiamine is considered to be safe for use during pregnancy.
	www.peacehealth.org /kbase/multum/d03130a1.htm (731 words)

	Thiamine Supplements For Memory Events
		A thiamine supplement was compared to a placebo to determine the effects of thiamine on memory related events.
		Participants were given either the thiamine or the supplement, and then 3 hours later completed a task to measure their memory, while their neuron firing potential was recorded on an electroencephalographic.
		The results showed that after taking the thiamine supplement, their recognition memory and the amplitude of the potential of the P300 impulse was higher.
	www.vitamins-nutrition.org /vitamins-research/vitamin-b1/thiamine-memory-events.html (180 words)

	Thiamine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thiamine works well with manganese and should be taken as a part of the B complex.
		Iron-related anemia (low red blood cell count) is generally evident in a diet that lacks proper thiamine because the iron absorbtion is aided by hydrochloride which is related directly to the availability of thiamine.
		For those who drink alcohol, another world opens up for thiamine deficiency since alcohol destroys the liver and the liver is responsible for keeping the blood sugar stable in the body, thiamine deficiency can cause the body to crave alcohol, because the erratic blood sugar levels create thirst.
	www.solsticepoint.com /thiamine.htm (309 words)

	eMedicine - Beriberi (Thiamine Deficiency) : Article Excerpt by Ginette V Busschots
		Thiamine deficiency or beriberi refers to the lack of thiamine pyrophosphate, the active form of the vitamin known as thiamine or vitamin B-1.
		Thiamine pyrophosphate acts as a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism through the decarboxylation of alpha-ketoacids and in the formation of glucose by acting as a coenzyme for the transketolase in the pentose monophosphate pathway.
		Treatment with thiamine causes a low output cardiac failure as the systemic vasoconstriction is reinstated before the heart muscle recovers.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/beriberi-(thiamine-deficiency).htm (978 words)

	The effect of thiamine supplementation on tumour proliferation . A metabolic control analysis study - Eur J Biochem, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thiamine deficiency frequently occurs in patients with advanced cancer and therefore thiamine supplementation is used as nutritional support.
		Thiamine (vitamin B1) is metabolized to thiamine pyrophosphate, the cofactor of transketolase, which is involved in ribose synthesis, necessary for cell replication.
		This growth stimulatory effect was predicted on the basis of correction of the pre-existing level of thiamine deficiency (42%), as assayed by the cofactor/enzyme ratio.
	www.benfotiamine.net /ejb.htm (465 words)

	Excess Thiamine May Help Tumor Growth, Research Shows (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thiamine supplementation is commonly recommended to cancer patients to counteract vitamin B1 deficiencies that can occur with leukemias, gastrointestinal tumors, and other faster-growing malignancies.
		Thiamine deficiency is also a side effect of some kinds of chemotherapy.
		Furthermore, thiamine is key to that process: the vitamin is a co-factor that is necessary for the transketolase enzyme to work, said Boros.
	researchnews.osu.edu /archive/thiamine.htm (756 words)

	Deaths Associated with Thiamine-Deficient Total Parenteral Nutrition
		For the two patients on whom autopsies were performed, examination of the brain showed lesions diagnostic of acute thiamine deficiency: necrosis and petechial hemorrhages in each mammillary body, hypothalamic neovascularization, and petechial hemorrhage with gliosis and engorgement of parenchymal periaqueductal blood vessels near the third and fourth ventricles.
		Thiamine was absent from the TPN fluids given these patients during a nationwide shortage of intravenous (IV) multivitamins resulting from substantially reduced production by one of the two major domestic manufacturers of multivitamins in June 1988.
		Thiamine, one of the components in the multivitamin products, is essential for two enzymes needed for aerobic metabolism: pyruvate dehydrogenase and œga-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001339.htm (1141 words)

	Thiamine (B1) Supplementation for Green Iguanas and Other Reptilian Herbivores
		Many vets are not aware of the thiamine loss linked to green vegetables and will assume that the iguana is suffering from calcium deficiency and so make their recommendations accordingly.
		This is because when I first found out about the thiamine loss and started recommending replacement of it in defrosted salads, there were few stand-alone thiamine products available and they weren't easily found.
		A thiamine supplement is healthier than the formerly recommended brewer's yeast for your iguana and other herbivores as the yeast is very high in phosphorous and other things the reptiles don't need or don't need more of.
	www.anapsid.org /thiamine.html (471 words)

	Thiamine and salts (PIM G015) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin that is used in the treatment and prevention of thiamine deficiency (Franco, 1982; Gilman et al., 1990).
		Thiamine pyrophosphate functions in carbohydrate metabolism as a coenzyme in the decarboxylation of alpha - keto acids, such as alpha - keto glutarate and pyruvate, and in the utilization of pentose in the hexose monophosphate shunt.
		Thiamine is relatively non-toxic and adverse reactions are highly unusual with rare fatalities (Wrenn et al., 1989; Baumgartner, 1991).
	www.inchem.org /documents/pims/pharm/pimg015.htm (1775 words)

	Man Health Magazine Online - Vitamin B1 Thiamine
		Vitamin B1 thiamine, also known as thiamin, is water-soluble vitamin, not able to be stored by the body, needing to be regularly replenished through the diet to avoid vitamin B1 deficiency and thiamine deficiency symptoms.
		Thiamine functions as a co-enzyme catalyst in carbohydrate metabolism, enabling the release of energy from sugars and starches.
		With vitamin B1 thiamine, this vitamin B complex supplement contains nutrients vital for stress relief and nerve function and for the formation of cellular energy, hormones and proteins.
	www.man-health-magazine-online.com /vitamin-b1-thiamine.html (575 words)

	Thiamine Shortage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The A.S.P.E.N. Pharmacy Section has been monitoring this shortage and recently reported that the availability of thiamine injection appears to be back to an acceptable backorder and appears to be meeting demand.
		Thiamine (vitamin B1) injection 100 mg/mL, 2 mL vials are backordered and there is no stock available from the various manufacturers.
		In appropriate patients, thiamine given orally or via an NG tube may be a reasonable option.
	www.nutritioncare.org /thiamine.html (359 words)

	MoonDragon's Health & Wellness: Nutrition - Vitamins: Vitamin B 1 (Thiamine)
		Thiamine enhances circulation, promotes proper functioning of the heart, and assists in blood formation, carbohydrate metabolism, and the production of hydrochloric acid, which is important for proper digestion.
		Thiamine also acts as an antioxidant, protecting the bogy from the degenerative effects of aging, alcohol consumption, and smoking.
		At one time, cases of severe thiamine deficiency was common in the United States until the 1940s when authorities started to require that any B vitamin removed during grain processing be added back in.
	www.moondragon.org /health/nutritionbasics/vitamins/vitaminb1.html (1015 words)

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