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Topic: Third Great Awakening

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Great Awakening

Fourth Great Awakening

First Great Awakening

Strauss and Howe

Second Great Awakening

Puritan Awakening

Liberty Generation

Missionary Generation

Consciousness Revolution

Crisis of 2020

Cane Ridge, Kentucky

Progressive movement

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1730s

Great Depression

	Connecticut's Heritage Gateway
		The Great Awakening, the most significant religious revival in American history, was launched in October 1740 by Anglican priest George Whitefield (1714-1770), the most powerful preacher of his day.
		The third and fourth generations became still more generally inattentive to their spiritual concerns, and manifested a greater declension from the purity and zeal of their ancestors.
		The revival affected young, old, rich, and poor in all parts of the colony. Nevertheless, support for the Awakening was strongest in eastern Connecticut, a region plagued by such problems associated with rapid growth as disputes over land titles, economic uncertainties, and a concern for an adequate medium of exchange.
	www.ctheritage.org /encyclopedia/ctto1763/grtawakening.htm (402 words)

	The Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Connecticut - 1740's Jonathan Edwards and the Great Awakening
		The Great Awakening (Second Turning, 1727-1746) began as a spiritual revival in the Connecticut Valley and reached an hysterical peak in the northern colonies (in 1741) with the preachings of George Whitefield and the tracts of Jonathan Edwards.
		The Great Awakening of 1735-1745 was a reaction to a decline in piety and a laxity of morals within the Congregational Churches of New England.
		Many devout church members believed the Great Awakening of 1735-1745 was necessary to combat secular influences in the lives of the Puritans and reinstitute the authority of the Congregational Church.
	www.colonialwarsct.org /1740_s.htm (6435 words)

	Great awakenings - Theopedia
		The numerical strength of the Baptists and Methodists rose relative to that of the denominations dominant in the colonial period—the Anglicans, Presbyterians, Congregationalists, and Quakers.
		It was characterized by agrarian protest and labor violence, climaxing with the revivalist candidacy of William Jennings Bryan in 1896.
		The Third Great Awakening spawned the Niagara Bible Conference, the rise of U.S. Fundamentalism, and the independant Bible institute and Bible college movement, all generally in reaction to liberalism in the mainline denominations.
	www.theopedia.com /Great_Awakening (1218 words)

	CSP - 'Revivals, Awakenings, and Reform: An Essay on Religion and Social Change in America, 1607-1977' by William G. ...
		Our Revolution came after the First Great Awakening on American soil had made the thirteen colonies into a cohesive unit (e pluribus unum), had given them a sense of unique nationality, and had inspired them with the belief that they were, "and of right ought to be," a free and independent people.
		Great awakenings (and the revivals that are part of them) are the results, not of depressions, wars, or epidemics, but of critical disjunctions in our self-understanding.
		Great awakenings are not periods of social neurosis (though they begin in times of cultural confusion).
	www.csp.org /chrestomathy/revivals_awakenings.html (1091 words)

	Third Great Awakening - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Third Great Awakening was a period of religious activism in American history from the late 1850s to the 1900s.
		The awakening in numerous cities in 1858 was interrupted by the American Civil War.
		Although its theology was based on ideals expressed during the Second Great Awakening, its focus on poverty was of the Third.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Third_Great_Awakening (714 words)

	Vol
		During the First Great Awakening, news of the revivals passed from one community to another through newspapers, pamphlets, and the public mails, which formed a newly vibrant print culture indispensable to a widespread social transformation.
		The Second Great Awakening was able to occur over a vast geographic territory for these same reasons, but also because of the expanding network of travelable roads.
		In the Gilded Age, the Third Great Awakening went hand-in-hand with anti-poverty activism and resistance to the abuses of laissez-faire capitalism.
	www.commonwealinstitute.org /newsletters/newsletter.v05.n05.htm (2820 words)

	REVIVAL AND SPIRITUAL AWAKENING
		Thus the fostering of such awakenings, along with all of their accompanying holy grandeur, are not dependent upon certain cultural conditions being favorable toward revival, or by periodic evangelistic campaigns.
		The onset of the awakening did not occur solely among the religious, but according to Edwards "the worst persons in the town seemed to be suddenly seized with a great degree of concern about their souls." Within the next seven years the awakening had seized the colonies.
		The magnitude of the awakening caused Edwards to wonder aloud whether the millennial reign of Christ was not descending on the earth.
	www.forerunner.com /forerunner/X0606_Revival__Spiritual_A.html (7256 words)

	History of Great Awakenings - Spirit Meditation - Meditation Health Spas - Great Awakenings - Spiritual Enlightenment
		The study of the history of Great Awakenings, although on a significantly larger scale, is comparable to gaining insight into the spiritual enlightenment of a single person.
		The history of Great Awakenings pinpoints several main cycles of change in the commonly accepted religious beliefs that were associated with the specific timeframes.
		Awakening into Awareness - Free ezine and online mentoring based upon an extraordinary experience of spontaneous awakening: a sudden, direct insight into the nondualistic nature of reality.
	www.askalana.com /new-age/awakening.html (368 words)

	The Great Awakening
		Although the name is slightly misleading--the Great Awakening was not one continuous revival, rather it was several revivals in a variety of locations--it says a great deal about the state of religion in the colonies.
		As a result, by the second and third generations, the vast majority of the population was outside the membership of the church.
		This led the established clergy to attack Whitefield and the unchecked enthusiasm of the revivals in general, and the Great Awakening in particular.
	www.wfu.edu /~matthetl/perspectives/four.html (2708 words)

	The Fourth Great Awakening and the Future of Egalitarianism
		Fogel employs William McLaughlin's typology (Revivals, Awakenings, and Reform, University of Chicago Press, 1978), but it is never clear to this reader what demarcated the First from the Second Great Awakening, especially if the greatest single revival of all was the Cane Ridge revival of 1801 in central Kentucky, right in the middle chronologically.
		The difference between the second and third Awakening is critical because the gap, in Fogel's formulation, is entirely due to a kind of secularization that is also not resolved here.
		As the Awakenings cycled through their lifespan, one trend that should be obvious is that the Third had little to do with religion, at least in the sense of human awareness and response to God, and the Fourth seems to be entirely concerned with what might best be called social work.
	eh.net /bookreviews/library/0618.shtml (1843 words)

	The Third Great Awakening? \| A Sermon by Forrest Church
		The Second Great Awakening is more a historical construct than a discreet event, but during the early decades of the nineteenth century a two-winged Christian revival did indeed course across the American countryside.
		In the Second Great Awakening, reconstructed Puritan and newfangled Christian democrat alike were liberated by the establishment's failure to retain the government as a religious fief to its theology.
		In the Third Great Awakening, fearless Christian prophets tackled the political establishment, pressing anti-trust legislation, advocating the rights of workers, and calling for Christian love to supplant the love of mammon.
	www.allsoulsnyc.org /publications/sermons/fcsermons/third-great-awakening.html (2009 words)

	Journal Time With Ray Waddle \| The Voice, February 2005 \| Synod of Living Waters
		A lesserknown Third Great Awakening, 1890-1930, brought a Social Gospel message, using the example of Jesus to stir social reform, workers' rights and housing for the poor.
		Probably the best-known case for a rising spiritual tide is made by Nobel economist Robert William Fogel in The Fourth Great Awakening and the Future of Egalitarianism (2000).
		He contends that all previous Great Awakenings had an inevitable political phase that gave the nation a deeper sense of equality and greater social benefits.
	synodoflivingwaters.org /the_voice/0502/06-1-journal.html (757 words)

	CSP - 'Mauve Gloves & Madmen, & Clutter & Vine, and Other Stories, Sketches, and Essays' by Tom Wolfe
		The First Great Awakening, as it is known to historians, came in the 1740's and was led by preachers of the "New Light," such as Jonathan Edwards, Gilbert Tennent, and George White-field.
		The Second Great Awakening came in the period from 1825 to 1850 and took the form of a still-wilder hoedown camp-meeting revivalism, of ceremonies in which people barked, bayed, fell down in fits and swoons, rolled on the ground, talked in tongues, and even added a touch of orgy.
		Whatever the Third Great Awakening amounts to, for better or for worse, will have to do with this unprecedented post-World War II American luxury: the luxury enjoyed by so many millions of middling folk, of dwelling upon the self.
	www.csp.org /chrestomathy/mauve_gloves.html (1612 words)

	NCPA - Social Issues - Effects Of Religious Awakenings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The First Great Awakening, from the 1730s to the 1790s, hastened the disestablishment of churches (Episcopalian in the South; Congregational in New England) and weakened the influence of religion on American political life.
		The Second Great Awakening -- about 1800 to 1840 -- encouraged reform movements, from temperance, abolition of slavery and immigration (the nativist movement to end immigration by Catholics), to anticorruption campaigns and public education.
		The Third Great Awakening, 1890 to 1930, ended with the substitution of a belief in secular modernism for religious enthusiasm.
	www.ncpa.org /pd/social/pd010501f.html (359 words)

	Saeculum-model-1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		McLoughlin defines awakenings as periods of cultural revitalization caused by a crisis in beliefs and values that produces a reorientation in those values and beliefs.
		The spiritual awakenings are subsets of the McLoughlin periods and tend to be located midway between secular crises so that a regular pattern of alternating social moments is evident.
		The Strauss and Howe Awakening turnings are located 16-27 years from the nearest secular crisis with an average spacing of 23 years, close to their standard 22 year generation.
	my.net-link.net /~malexan/Saeculum-model-1.htm (1914 words)

	Completing an Awakening
		Since Tom Wolfe stated that "the Third Great Awakening" was the motive force behind the "Me Decade," critics on the left have accused the growing evangelical sector of the church of self-centered emotional navel-gazing and the vending of opiates for social concern.
		If we are to match the achievements of evangelicals in the awakenings of the 18th and 19th centuries, we will have to pay some attention to the moral and social needs of the society to which we are ministering.
		They command the loyalty of great numbers of Christians who would be ready to act to restore the integrity of American culture in a manner consistent with pluralism and freedom.
	www.religion-online.org /showarticle.asp?title=1743 (2964 words)

	Rise of Evangelicalism
		Hatch's revisionary look at the Second Great Awakening as a fundamentally centrifugal event has provided the field of American religious history with a useful lens through which to view the period, but he gives short shrift to the ways in which the Awakening entailed myriad forms of centripetal cohesion on the local level.
		He highlighted the unifying nature of Awakening at the expense of an analysis of regional variation, and left open the question as to how the actual words or messages of itinerant preachers and the psychological advantages of evangelical Protestantism were instrumental in winning over so many converts.
		The Awakening, however, was not a uniform phenomenon; the theological and social changes it effected took place at different times, and with varying intensity, in different areas of the nation.
	xroads.virginia.edu /~MA95/finseth/evangel.html (2145 words)

	Road to the Middle Class - Chapter - by Christopher Chantrill
		Colonial North America began with a Puritan Awakening; the United States was born of the First Great Awakening; the Civil War was provoked by a Second Great Awakening, and the century of the welfare state was inspired by a Third Great Awakening.
		Following each Awakening or revival is another period of secularization, as the newly formed high tension cults and sects slowly reduce their distance from the surrounding culture and as the members of the sects become more powerful and want to connect with and influence the surrounding society.
		According to Stark’s theory, the Fourth Great Awakening should represent an unusually large crop of cults and sects that are filling the gap left by the secularizing main-line churches that provide for their members only weak and unconvincing general compensators for the desires that people experience for rewards not available in this world.
	www.roadtothemiddleclass.com /chapter.php?id=114 (1488 words)

	Crackpot Christianity, Part III: Bush and the Third Great Awakening
		No, the author was not referring to the "vicarious satisfaction" - recently experienced by so many "pitiful little men" -- of seeing their flight-suited American President co-pilot a fighter aircraft on to the deck of an aircraft carrier.
		You see, the first two Great Awakenings in U.S. history saw certain inspired ministers displace of sober Christian reason by "whipping up revivals and preaching emotionally to sell conversions." [Marty E. Martin, Pilgrims in Their Own Land: 500 Years of Religion in America, p.
		And thus, if the U.S. is indeed experiencing a Third Great Awakening, you can virtually guarantee that a few well-timed and well-placed words of biblical "code" by our President will continue to influence the "less worldly" minds of our crackpot Christians in his evil direction - perhaps against Iran.
	www.opednews.com /articles/opedne_walter_c_060920_crackpot_christianit.htm (1099 words)

	Reflections on the prospect - reality? - of a third great awakening
		The nation may be in the midst of a third Great Awakening.
		The Great Awakening reached one of its highest peaks in, yes, Virginia.
		The First was in the mid-18th century, the Second in the early 19th century, and the Third in the late 19th century.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-religion/1750652/posts (971 words)

	Great Awakening - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Great Awakenings refer to several periods of dramatic religious revival in Anglo-American religious history.
		There are four generally accepted Great Awakenings in American history:
		The Fourth Great Awakening or Consciousness Revolution (1960s - 1970s)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Great_Awakening (128 words)

	AllFaith.com Religious Studies: The Great Awakenings Part Two
		Jonathan Edwards considered the Awakening to be a "surprising work of God." He boldly proclaimed that Jesus had "flung the door of mercy open so that all could enter." During this period, the fatherhood aspect of the Christian God was emphasized, and the Colonists regarded themselves as His special children.
		The Theosophical Society was founded within the Third Great Awakening and had a profound influence on the West as it provided the first major introduction of Eastern ideas and cultures as well as the unitive notions of Theosophy itself.
		Whereas the earlier Awakenings were concerned primarily with Christian reforms and secular humanist philosophies, the Third Great Awakening, especially in its later stages, incorporated Eastern wisdom into Western consciousness.
	www.allfaith.com /Religions/awake2.html (6897 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / THE FOURTH GREAT AWAKENING
		The Third Great Awakening came at the end of the nineteenth century and led to the rise of the welfare state.
		But the populist movement of the last third of the nineteenth century and the early decades of the twentieth, which culminated in the New Deal, was also driven by grass roots evangelical churches.
		The leaders of the Third Great Awakening thought their predecessor reformers hadn’t fully understood how the rise of big business was changing things.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/2001/5/2001_5_70.shtml (3569 words)

	The J-Walk Blog: A Third Awakening (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		President Bush said yesterday that he senses a "Third Awakening" of religious devotion in the United States that has coincided with the nation's struggle with international terrorists, a war that he depicted as "a confrontation between good and evil."
		Bush told a group of conservative journalists that he notices more open expressions of faith among people he meets during his travels, and he suggested that might signal a broader revival similar to other religious movements in history.
		The First Great Awakening refers to a wave of Christian fervor in the American colonies from about 1730 to 1760, while the Second Great Awakening is generally believed to have occurred from 1800 to 1830.
	j-walkblog.com /index.php?/weblog/posts/a_third_awakening (165 words)

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