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Fifth-generation programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A fifth-generation programming language (abbreviated 5GL) is a programming language based around solving problems using constraints given to the program, rather than using an algorithm written by a programmer. Fifth-generation languages are used mainly in artificial intelligence research. In the 1990s, fifth-generation languages were considered to be the wave of the future, and some predicted that they would replace all other languages for system development, with the exception of low-level languages. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fifth-generation_programming_language   (212 words)

Russian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A language of great political importance in the twentieth century, Russian is one of the official languages of the United Nations. Russian is the official language of Russia, and an official language of Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukraine) and unrecognized Moldavian Republic of Transdniestria. The official language remained a kind of Church Slavonic until the close of the seventeenth century, but, despite attempts at standardization, as by Meletius Smotrytsky c. 1620, its purity was by then strongly compromised by an incipient secular literature. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Russian_language   (2748 words)

Third generation language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) A third generation language (3GL) is a ((computer science) a language designed for programming computers) programming language designed to be easier for a human to understand, including things like named variables. (A high-level programing language for mathematical and scientific purposes; stands for formula translation) Fortran, (Second brightest star in Perseus; first known eclipsing binary) ALGOL and (Common business-oriented language) COBOL are early examples of this sort of language. Most "modern" languages (((usually plural) a necessary commodity for which demand is constant) BASIC, (The 3rd letter of the Roman alphabet) C, (Click link for more info and facts about C++) C++) are third generation. www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/th/third_generation_language.htm   (191 words)

4. Language Usage Findings - A Survey of Computer Programming Languages Figure 8 presents the top five third generation languages in terms of the number of responses reporting specific language use. Figure 12 is the SLOC distribution of all generations of languages used in AIS application. The first column in Figure 16 showing no use of third generation languages indicates that some applications are developed only with fourth generation languages. archive.adaic.com /docs/lang_survey/html/4.htm   (1044 words)

Unified Modeling Language   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a non-proprietary, third generation modeling language. The Unified Modelling Language is an open method used to specify, visualise, construct and document the artifacts of an object-oriented software-intensive system under development. To show the degree of development of this language, it is possible to state concepts such as political processes in UML notation. bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/u/un/unified_modeling_language.html   (630 words)

[No title] Third Generation "Other" Languages Language DTC LISA Language for Systolic Array Processor PIL HARM Program Implementation Language PLM PLM-51 PLM-86 Pspice REXX HOL TACL TSC VTL Finding 2: Ada is the leading third generation language in terms of existing weapon system source lines of code. Total SLOC by Language Generation for AISs Language Generation Total SLOC Reported (in millions) First 0.30 Second 0.63 Third General Purpose 38.24 Special Purpose 0.00 Fourth 10.81 Fifth 0.05 Table 8 is the SLOC estimates in millions for third generation languages. Fourth generation languages for such applications as database query, report writing, and screens are not applicable to weapon system applications except in the support activities required to construct or maintain applications. archive.adaic.com /docs/lang_survey/text/Findings.txt   (1146 words)

Unified Modeling Language FAQ The Unified Modeling Language represents the unification of the Booch, Objectory, and OMT methods and is their direct and upwardly compatible successor. Third, we expected that our collaboration would yield improvements in all three earlier methods, helping us to capture lessons learned and to address problems that none of our methods currently handled well. Because we were in effect designing a new language (albeit a graphical one), we had to strike a proper balance between minimalism (everything is text and boxes) and overengineering (having an icon for every conceivable modeling element). www.microgold.com /Stage/UML_FAQ.html   (4215 words)

Generation languages The second generation languages or 2GL are also low-level languages that generally consist of assembly languages. The third generation languages or 3GL are high-level languages such as C. The fourth generation languages or 4GL is a language that consists of statements similar to statements in a human language. www.computerhope.com /jargon/num/1gl.htm   (123 words)

Executable UML: Diagrams for the Future And the code generated from an Executable UML model will be as uninteresting and typically unexamined as the assembler pass of a third generation language compile is today. On the other hand, because action languages exist at such a high level of abstraction they do not entail the steep learning curves of third generation languages. This separation of responsibilities is analogous to a third generation language developer not typically caring exactly how the compiler creates an executable from his or her source code. www.devx.com /enterprise/Article/10717/1954?pf=true   (3086 words)

First-generation programming language   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Constraint-logic programming language based on LF Logical Framework; a uniform meta-language for specifying, implementing, and proving properties of programming languages and logics that is implemented as an interpreter in Standard ML. A beginner-friendly programming language for kids (and adults) who are looking for a new way to have fun with their computers. Language combining C and Linda, gives six functions for concurrent process coordination, can be added to any other sequential language, unlike many other parallel languages, programmers needn't learn a new language. www.omniknow.com /common/wiki.php?in=en&term=First-generation_language   (1930 words)

fourth generation language - Definition of fourth generation language by Webster's Online Dictionary   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Pure 4GLs do not contain conditionals (if-then-else) and loops (for, while, do), though some languages are combinations of third generation languages and 4GLs. The first three generations were developed fairly quickly, but it was still frustrating, slow, and error prone to program computers, leading to the first "programming crisis", in which the amount of work that might be assigned to programmers greatly exceeded the amount of programmer time available to do it. Thus were born report generator languages, which were fed a description of the data format and the report to generate and turned that into a COBOL (or other language) program which actually contained the commands to read and process the data and place the results on the page. www.webster-dictionary.org /definition/fourth%20generation%20language   (245 words)

online C++ tutorial: The Purpose of this Tutorial Assembly languages are considered the second generation of programming languages. Third generation languages are much more abstract than assembly languages. portable language as well, because it is a third-generation language, and because it has a well defined set of standards written for it. www.intap.net /~drw/cpp/cpp00_01.htm   (332 words)

dacs.doc electric -- Joins, The Old Way An outer Join, in the third generation world, reads every record in the first file and tries to match records in the second file in the same way as inner joins. In the third generation world there is no specific concept of left file or right. The expressed object of this writing was to illustrate joins in terms of Third generation languages in order to gain a better understanding of what is happening in a database query. www.dacs.org /archive/9910/feature4.htm   (1091 words)

Center of Russian Language and Culture The Center of Russian Language and Culture of St. Petersburg State University is one of the major centers of short-term study programs for international visitors to Russia. In sharp contrast to the multitude of commercial language programs that have appeared in Russia in recent years, our programs continue the longstanding academic traditions of St. Petersburg State University as a major center for the teaching of Russian as a Second Language. The Center of Russian Language and Culture is also able to organize trips for foreing students at weekends to Moskow, Finland, Baltic Republics, the capitals of which are not far from St-Petersburg. www.crlc.pu.ru   (637 words)

fourth-generation language In computing, a type of programming language designed for the rapid programming of applications but often lacking the ability to control the individual parts of the computer. Such a language typically provides easy ways of designing screens and reports, and of using databases. Other ‘generations’ (the term implies a class of language rather than a chronological sequence) are machine code (first generation); assembly languages, or low-level languages (second); and conventional high-level languages such as BASIC and Pascal (third). www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0005805.html   (168 words)

Books on Third   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Wireless commercial video and television, as distinct from the user-created video content market, has generated an astounding amount of interest — and hype — in the past year. From the launch of goTV and MobiTV on 2.5G cellular networks, to Verizon Wireless' launch of VCAST on 3G, to the noncellular multicast/broadcast networks anticipated in late 2006, this highly complex market is sure to remain among the most dynamic and compelling services delivered to wireless subscribers and customers in the years ahead. As a result, OEMs have actually begun constructing their first next-generation equipment (based on the next generation of standards beyond current digital standards known as either 2.5 or 3G), and carriers all over the world are testing the new network equipment based on these standards. www.10books.com /Third   (1454 words)

325notes-5-99.html The third generation language, whichever is used, is called the host language. A major consideration in interfacing SQL with a third generation host language is that the SQL SELECT statement generally returns multiple rows, while the host language processing will deal with one row (record) at a time. An entity is generally described by data elements or attributes that pertain to that entity. mathcs.wilkes.edu /~tillman/325notes-5-99.html   (3114 words)

third generation computer from FOLDOC   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Third generation computers use semiconductor memories in addition to, and later instead of, ferrite core memory. Thus the development of techniques for concurrent processing was matched by the development of memory management techniques such as dynamic memory allocation, virtual memory, and paging, as well as compilers producing relocatable code. The LILLIAC IV is an example of a third generation computer. gd.tuwien.ac.at /study/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?third+generation+computer   (248 words)

Runtime Revolution - White Paper: Overview The power and wealth of built-in capabilities of the language also means that you won't "hit the wall" and have to cut important product features late in development, a common occurrence when using "no scripting required" presentation tools and icon-based multimedia development environments. The Transcript virtual compiler gives performance comparable to the Perl and Java languages, which is on average 5 times the performance of the discontinued HyperTalk, and up to 30 times the performance of languages like the UNIX shells which have only conventional interpreters. Instead of writing "callback" routines in a third generation language which require that the application be recompiled and relinked after every change, a scripting language is provided. revolution.runrev.com /indepth2.php   (1497 words)

fourth-generation language --  Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) They are intended to be easier for users than machine languages (first-generation), assembly languages (second-generation), and older high-level languages (third-generation). At a still higher level of abstraction lie visual programming languages, in which programmers graphically express what they want done by means of icons to represent data objects or processes and arrows to represent data flow or sequencing of operations. In general, the generation that grew up after World War I, and particularly a group of American writers who became adults during the war was known as the Lost Generation. www.britannica.com /ebc/article?eu=390085&query=programming%20language&ct=   (891 words)

Pascal - a Whatis.com definition   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Pascal is a strongly-typed third-generation language (3GL) with a one-pass compiler. While Pascal has been extended by compiler makers to address special-purpose needs, many programmers feel that it is too restrictive in its rules and doesn't allow a programmer to create and state new rules (for example, new data types) to the compiler. While still used as an instructional language and by hobbyists, most serious programmers today are using C, C++, and Java. searchvb.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid8_gci212752,00.html   (203 words)

Cover Pages: WAP Wireless Markup Language Specification (WML) WML (Wireless Markup Language) is a markup language based on XML, and is intended for use in specifying content and user interface for narrowband devices, including cellular phones and pagers. WML2 is a language which extends the syntax and semantics of XHTML Basic and CSS Mobile Profile with the unique semantics of WML1, optimised for specifying presentation and user interaction on limited capability devices such as mobile phones and other wireless mobile terminals. WML is a markup language based on [XML] and is intended for use in specifying content and user interface for narrowband devices, including cellular phones and pagers. www.oasis-open.org /cover/wap-wml.html   (10536 words)

programming language generations - a Whatis.com definition - see also: 1GL, 2GL, 3GL, 4GL, 5GL, program language ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) In the computer industry, these abbreviations are widely used to represent major steps or "generations" in the evolution of programming languages. 1GL or first-generation language was (and still is) machine language or the level of instructions and data that the processor is actually given to work on (which in conventional computers is a string of 0s and 1s). Languages for accessing databases are often described as 4GLs. whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci211502,00.html   (335 words)

second generation language | TutorGig.co.uk Dictionary   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) second generation language assembly language See also first generation language, third generation language. Generation 1.5 Meets College Composition: Issues in the Teaching of Wr.. Lingua in diaspora: Studies in the language of the second generation o.. www.tutorgig.co.uk /dict.jsp?keywords=second+generation+language   (185 words)

What is fourth-generation language? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09) Often abbreviated 4GL, fourth-generation languages are programming languages closer to human languages than typical high-level programming languages. fifth generation: languages used for artificial intelligence and neural networks. Article by James Elliot entitled, "The Paradoxes and Advantages of Using Fourth Generation Languages," that provides descriptions of the nature of the language and expertise, and mastering the 4GL. www.webopedia.com /TERM/F/fourth_generation_language.html   (158 words)

General Characteristics of Programming No matter which high-level language a program is written in, it must be translated into machine language before it can be executed. The introduction of the third generation of programming languages resulted in a quantum leap in programmer convenience. Procedure-oriented languages require programmers to solve programming problems using traditional programming logic; that is, programmers code, or write, the instructions in the sequence in which they must be executed to solve the problem. www.fortunecity.com /lavendar/pulpfiction/16/gcp3.htm   (217 words)

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