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Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) |
 | | The thirteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several states by the Thirty-eighth Congress, on January 31, 1865. |
 | | The amendment was declared, in a proclamation of Secretary of State William Henry Seward, dated December 18, 1865, to have been ratified by the legislatures of twenty-seven of the then thirty-six states. |
 | | Interestingly enough, the 13th Amendment makes the use of the "chain gang" or other methods of involuntary servitude by convicted criminals constitutional in the United States, as long as the methods of enforcing the servitude are not "cruel and unusual" (floggings, beatings, etc.). |
| en.wikipedia.org /wiki/United_States_Constitution/Amendment_Thirteen (381 words) |
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