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Topic: Thirty Years


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In the News (Fri 18 Dec 09)

  
 CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Thirty Years War
THE WAR IN THE PALATINATE AND THE WAR WITH DENMARK
To settle the claims made by the different religious denominations to one and the same territory the year 1624 was taken as the normal year, and the denomination which had prevailed in that year in a territory, was, as a rule, to be the permanent religion of that territory.
The year previous Tilly had vainly begged Maximilian's permission to attack the Netherlanders at the right moment in their own country, giving as his reason that the money of the Dutch was constantly used to renew the opposition to the Bavarian troops.
www.newadvent.org /cathen/14648b.htm   (10052 words)

  
 Thirty Years' War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Thirty Years War was fought between the years 1618 and 1648, principally on the territory of today's Germany, but also involving most of the major continental powers.
After the Mantuan War, between France and the Habsburgs in Italy, the northern half of the Italian peninsula was in the throes of a bubonic plague epidemic (see Italian Plague of 1629-1631).
The war did much to end the age of mercenaries that had begun with the first landsknechts, and ushered in the age of well-disciplined national armies.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thirty_Years'_War   (4383 words)

  
 MSN Encarta - Thirty Years’ War
Thirty Years’ War, series of European conflicts lasting from 1618 to 1648, involving most of the countries of western Europe, and fought mainly in Germany.
The religious hatreds that flared into the Thirty Years’ War had smoldered for more than half a century before 1618.
The war, which was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history, may be divided into four phases, usually styled and dated as follows: Palatine-Bohemian (1618-25), Danish (1625-29), Swedish (1630-35), and French (1635-48).
encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761572707   (1456 words)

  
 THIRTY YEARS' WAR - LoveToKnow Article on THIRTY YEARS' WAR
But the Brabanters and Flemings had in sixty years of warfare parted so far from their former associates over the Waal that the inroad of Frederick Henry's army produced one of those rare outbursts of a momentary "people's war," w'nich occur from time to time in the wars of the 17th and i8th centuries.
From the battle of Stadtlohn to the pitiful end twenty years later, the decision of German quarrels lay in the hands of foreign powers, and for two centuries after the treaty of Westphalia the evil tradition was faithfully-followed.
The balance, such as it was, however, was unfavourable to France, for the duchess of Mantua went over to the imperialists and the duchess of Savoy was opposed by the princes of her house.
80.1911encyclopedia.org /T/TH/THIRTY_YEARS_WAR.htm   (10802 words)

  
 The Thirty Years War: Bibliography
Lockhart, Denmark in the Thirty Years’ War, 1618-1648
Porchnev, Muscovy and Sweden in the Thirty Years War
A history on three levels, this book gives a mediocre history of the Thirty Years War in general, an interesting history of the war in Bohemia in particular, and a history of the war in the town of Zlín in southern Moravia which is only slightly less dull than it sounds.
www.pipeline.com /~cwa/Bibliography.htm   (1389 words)

  
 Thirty Years War on Encyclopedia.com
The rhetoric of death and destruction in the Thirty Years War.
Thirty-eight years after Israel won control of Gaza in the 1967 Six-Day War, the Jewish state is preparing to withdraw its thousands of settlers and troops under
The war as a whole may be considered a struggle of German Protestant princes and foreign powers (France, Sweden, Denmark, England, the United Provinces) against the unity and power of the Holy Roman Empire as represented by the Hapsburgs, allied with the Catholic princes, and against the Hapsburgs themselves.
www.encyclopedia.com /html/T/ThirtyY1e.asp   (2357 words)

  
 The Thirty Years War: Home Page
This phase of the Thirty Years War encompassed the years 1625 to 1630.
This phase of the Thirty Years War encompassed the years 1621 to 1624.
During the Thirty Years War the opponents were, on the one hand, the House of Austria: the Habsburg Holy Roman Emperors Ferdinand II and Ferdinand III together with their Spanish cousin Philip IV.
www.pipeline.com /~cwa/TYWHome.htm   (1338 words)

  
 The Thirty Years' War
The war that people called the Great War ended in 1648 with a negotiated settlement, the Peace of Westphalia- thirty years after the war's inception, with France and Spain continued to war for ten more years.
In 1625 the war widened with the invasion of Germany by the king of Denmark and Norway, Christian IV, who expressed his support for Protestant princes.
It was a century in which monarchs increased the size of their armies and increased taxes to pay for it, a burden on a population already barely surviving.
www.fsmitha.com /h3/h25-war.html   (1435 words)

  
 Thirty Years' War Home Page
The Thirty Years' War had its roots in the ongoing religious struggle between Protestant and Catholic, which became bound up in the dynastic and imperial ambitions of the house of Hapsburg.
The breakthrough came in 1648, when Spain and Holland concluded their eighty year war, which had become enmeshed in the wider conflict of the Thirty Years' War, and the other combatants followed suit and settled their differences one after another.
War exhaustion now led to a desire for peace, but there was no consensus on how this was to be achieved, and the fighting dragged on.
www.strategos.demon.co.uk /tywhome   (1225 words)

  
 6775.txt
In it she first learned to recognize herself as a community of nations; and this intercommunion of states, which originated in the thirty years' war, may alone be sufficient to reconcile the philosopher to its horrors.
After an interval of many years, he once more appeared publicly in the Diet at Prague; and to convince the people that he was really still in existence, orders were given that all the windows should be opened in the streets through which he was to pass--proof enough how far things had gone with him.
In this quarter destructive wars were succeeded but by brief truces, which were scarcely less hurtful: far and wide the land lay waste, while the injured serf had to complain equally of his enemy and his protector.
www.gutenberg.org /dirs/6/7/7/6775/6775.txt   (20576 words)

  
 The Thirty Years War, 1618-1648
The Thirty Years War : Sweden, from Mikael Andersson
War was resolved upon in May 1625, in April 1626 Mansfeld was defeated in the Battle of Dessau, in August 1626 Christian's Danish Army in the Battle of Lutter am Barenberge.
The Swedish army carried the war from one region into another, in May 1639 appearing off Prague, their itinerary less dictated by the desire for conquest than by ravaging the countryside to feed her (growing) army.
www.zum.de /whkmla/military/17cen/xxxywar.html   (2207 words)

  
 Thirty Years War
This was the worst phases of the war, as the discipline in the armies disintegrated.
Although the war had many issues, it may be considered mainly a struggle of German Protestant princes and foreign powers (France, Sweden, Denmark, England, the United Provinces) against the unity and power of the HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE (represented by the HAPSBURGS) allied with the Catholic princes of Germany.
It was at this point in the war that the Holy Roman Empire’s Catholic forces were at the peak of their power, and throughout the Holy Roman Empire, religious oppression increased.
www.d.umn.edu /~aroos/ThirtyYearsWar.html   (1054 words)

  
 History - The Thirty Years War
The Palatinate never really recovered from the complicated catastrophe that was The Thirty Years War.
Just four years before the war ended Hans Jakob’s and Apollonia’s son, Alexander, was born into a land that would remain beaten and barren for the first decades of his life.
Instead of politically leading Germany as it had in earlier years, the Palatinate became a spoil, fought over by other states and countries for centuries after the war.
www.filbrun.com /history/thirty_years.htm   (1612 words)

  
 France and the Thirty Years War
France was also out-of-touch with the more modern methods of fighting that were coming to the surface in the Thirty Years War.
The new king, Louis XVI, was only four years of age and a Regency had to be established.
No-one throughout Europe was particularly surprised by this as in October 1634, the Holy Roman Emperor, King of Spain and the Roman Catholic princes of Germany had agreed to a joint attack on France.
www.historylearningsite.co.uk /France_30YW.htm   (1335 words)

  
 30war.htm
To the Mennonites the Thirty Years' War brought one advantage, namely, that the death penalty in religious matters was no longer inflicted on them.
The Peace of Westphalia (Oct. 24, 1648), which concluded the Thirty Years' War, secured religious equality to the great churches in Germany, but no legal status or recognition was granted to the Mennonites.
After the suffering of the war years and the moral deterioration in the depopulated country, every government head was glad to have some people with moral standards who would work diligently in rebuilding the devastated country.
www.horseshoe.cc /pennadutch/history/european/30war.htm   (506 words)

  
 Thirty Years
The Thirty Years War began as a religious civil war between the Protestants and Roman Catholics in Germany that engaged the Austrian Habsburgs and the German princes.
The German emperor was reduced to a shadow and for more than two hundred years, Germany remained divided among local rulers and France emerged as the dominant power in Europe.
In the course of the war all Germany was ruined and half its people were killed.
www.hyperhistory.com /online_n2/civil_n2/histscript6_n2/thirty.html   (112 words)

  
 The Thirty Years War
The Thirty Years War is somewhat mis-named as it was a series of wars in central Europe lasting from 1618 to 1648.
The Holy Roman Empire and the causes of the Thirty Years War
North Europe and the causes of the Thirty Years War
www.historylearningsite.co.uk /thirty_years_war.htm   (81 words)

  
 Thirty Years' War --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia
The Thirty Years' War was a series of conflicts that began early in the 17th century in the Holy Roman Empire and finally involved much of Europe.
Just war is a Western concept and should be distinguished from the Islamic concept of jihad (Arabic: “striving”), or holy war, which in Muslim legal theory is the only type of just war.
The first phase of the war began with two unsuccessful invasions of the provinces by mercenary armies under Prince William I of Orange (1568 and 1572) and...
www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9277329   (810 words)

  
 Thirty Years War
The Thirty Years War persuaded everybody that neither the Protestants nor the Catholics could be completely victorious and dreams of an empire, united under a Catholic Church had to be abandoned.
After Bohemia was defeated the Protestant king of Denmark invaded the empire but was defeated by the famous general Albrecht von Wallenstein.
The war ended in stalemate and diplomats gathered to patch up affairs in the Peace of Westpahlia (1648).
www.hyperhistory.com /online_n2/civil_n2/histscript6_n2/thirty1.html   (304 words)

  
 Thirty Years' War. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
A series of wars in central Europe beginning in 1618 that stemmed from conflict between Protestants and Catholics and political struggles between the Holy Roman Empire and other powers.
www.bartleby.com /61/21/T0172150.html   (101 words)

  
 COB-NET Historical Notes: Thirty Year's War
The war now lost its religious character and became a political struggle as French Cardinal Richelieu (Catholic) entered the foray on the side of the Protestants because he also wanted to thwart the Hapsburg family from dominating Europe.
Protestant and Catholic representatives met in separate cities of the German district of Westphalia and negotiated a settlement that gave certain lands to the French or Swedish, and finally recognized the Calvinists.
Fearing Catholic resurgence and especially political domination from Ferdinand, the Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus entered the war and successfully defeated the Catholic armies.
www.cob-net.org /text/history_30yearwar.htm   (681 words)

  
 jeromegroopman dot com 30 year cancer war
After two years of unsuccessful treatment, Lasker died, and his wife -- using her network of political, medical, and business contacts, the advertising savvy that he had embodied, and the considerable resources from his estate -- set out to transform the nation's response to the disease that had killed him.
Five years earlier, Druker had received a series of compounds from Ciba-Geigy to test on malignant cells, and he worked with the company to choose what appeared to be the best of the series of candidate drugs.
All the same, the triumphalist rhetoric that animated the war on cancer still shapes public opinion: many people believe that cancer is, in essence, a single foe, that a single cure can destroy it, and that the government is both responsible for and capable of spearheading the campaign.
www.jeromegroopman.com /30yr.html   (7536 words)

  
 Decision Games - 30 Years War Quad
White Mountain The decisive battle of the Bohemian Phase of the Thirty Years War in which the Catholic League Army, under the command of Maximilian of Bavarian and Count Tilly, defeated the Bohemians outside the city of Prague on November 9, 1620.
The Thirty Years War Quad consists of four battles, each with its own map, counters and Exclusive Rules.
Rocroi Determined to knock France out of the war, Spain undertook an invasion of French soil, laying siege to Rocroi, a fortress not far inside French territory.
www.decisiongames.com /a2r/30years/30years.htm   (175 words)

  
 Thirty.html
It was shown that the electorate of Brandenburg alone in the last few years had furnished hventy million gulden, to say nothing of the terrible disturbances and destruction that war always brings with it.
On the contrary, I have been now for several years goaded into it by the imperial party, not only through the reception accorded to our emissary to Lubeck, but also by the action of their general in aiding with his army our enemies, the Poles, to our great detriment.
According to the decisions and decrees of the imperial diet, he is under no obligation to support an army by himself and bear unaided a burden that should be divided among all the members of the empire.
www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Thirty.html   (3012 words)

  
 SPLCenter.org: The Thirty Years War
Four years later, Justice Lewis Powell, the swing vote, will tell New York University law students, "I probably made a mistake in that one."
Addressing the annual Conservative Political Action Conference, Paul Cameron uses the AIDS crisis to suggest that "the extermination of homosexuals" might become necessary.
Early fundraising appeals include a "Declaration of War" on homosexuality.
www.splcenter.org /intel/intelreport/article.jsp?pid=866   (680 words)

  
 Anglo-Zanzibar War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War: perhaps the world's longest war.
The Anglo-Zanzibar War was fought between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar on 27 August 1896.
The war broke out after Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini, who had willingly co-operated with the British colonial administration, died on 25 August, and his nephew, Khalid bin Bargash, seized power in what amounted to a coup d'état.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anglo-Zanzibar_War   (252 words)

  
 Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War is the peaceful war between the Netherlands and the Isles of Scilly (located off the southwest coast of the United Kingdom).
Despite uncertain validity of the declaration of war, peace was declared in 1986.
In 1985, Roy Duncan, historian and Chairman of the Isles of Scilly Council, wrote to the Dutch Embassy in London to dispose of the "myth" that the islands were still at war.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Three_Hundred_and_Thirty_Five_Years'_War   (638 words)

  
 Delaware Chapter LXIV
Seventeen years later the church was again under the charge of the Dover minister, the Rev. Henry R. Judah, until 1819, when the Rev. Joseph Spencer was made master of the academy in Milford, and, in connection with this position, rector of the parish.
Its beginning was the three runs of the Mispillion (Clark’s, Main and Bowman’s Branches), and extending northeast was bounded on the south by "Saw-Mill Range" and "Longfield." "Robin Hood’s Range," a tract of sixty-three acres on Clarks’ Branch and adjoining Fairfield, was warranted to Dr.
On August 15th of that year David Dewees granted to the trustees one hundred and sixteen square perches of land, on the road from Dover to Milford.
www.accessible.com /amcnty/DE/Delaware/delaware64.htm   (14576 words)

  
 Delaware Chapter XLVI
Kirkwood was well and favorably known on account of valuable services in the Revolutionary War, during which he served in thirty-two engagements.
MILL CREEK HUNDRED is situated in the north-western part of New Castle County, and is bounded on the north and west by the Circle, on the east by Red Clay Creek and on the south by White Clay Creek.
The remaining fifteen thousand five hundred acres, described in the patent as "a certain tract of land situated on the south side of the Brandywine Creek, in the province of Pennsylvania," were conveyed, October 23, 1701, to Letitia, who afterwards married William Aubrey, of London.
www.accessible.com /amcnty/DE/Delaware/delaware46.htm   (10726 words)

  
 Biographical Review - The Leading Citizens of Delaware County, NY - 13th Section
Reuben Lewis was a farmer, and for sixteen years occupied the position of Justice of the Peace of Sidney.
Three sons and six daughters were born of their union, all of whom, with the exception of two daughters, are now living.
Of his one hundred and five acres twenty acres are in timber, and the remainder in tillage or grazing land.
www.dcnyhistory.org /books/brevie13.html   (22147 words)

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