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	Thomas Cardinal Wolsey - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Thomas Cardinal Wolsey, PC (circa March 1471-1475 – November 28 or November 29, 1530), born Thomas Wulcy in Ipswich, Suffolk, England, was an English statesman and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
		Wolsey, aware of the diplomatic complexities and facing a physical threat to his own life should he grant the annulment himself, the case being that the Pope was reluctant to grant the annulment, was slow in arranging the request.
		Wolsey knew the risks of climbing the political ladder, and when the king expressed his enthusiasm about an invasion of France, and despite moral and economic reservations, Wolsey was able to adapt to the king's mindset and exploit the war as much to his own benefit as possible.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thomas_Cardinal_Wolsey (7188 words)

	Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (1473? - 1530)
		Thomas Wolsey was born in Ipswich, Suffolk, possibly in 1473.
		Wolsey arranged the breaking of Princess Mary's betrothal to the French Dauphin, and in the spring of 1521 Charles proposed to marry her, to the great happiness of the Queen.
		Wolsey suggested that he be sent to France to convince King Francis to use his influence to persuade the Pope to extend Wolsey's authority, in order that Wolsey could judge on the case.
	www.luminarium.org /encyclopedia/wolseybio.htm (3209 words)

	Thomas Cardinal Wolsey - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thomas Cardinal Wolsey, PC (circa 1475 – November 29, 1530), born Thomas Wulcy in Ipswich, Suffolk, England, was an English statesman and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
		Wolsey effectively used his position in the church for his own ends, such as awarding bishoprics to those Wolsey sought to keep loyal to the crown, illustrated by the appointment of Cardinal Campeggio to Bishop of Salisbury, in 1524, as a means of securing Campeggio’s role as papal curia for England.
		Wolsey certainly did not wish for the church, for which he had devoted a good part of his life to, to be destroyed, however his ignorance, in believing that power and influence reigned supreme, made this inevitable.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Cardinal_Wolsey (8185 words)

	Wolsey, Thomas on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		WOLSEY, THOMAS [Wolsey, Thomas], 1473?-1530, English statesman and prelate, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
		Upon the accession of Henry VIII in 1509, Wolsey was appointed royal almoner and privy councilor.
		Wolsey's enemies at court, jealous of his power over the king, used the divorce of Katharine of Aragón as a means to bring about his ruin.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/w/wolsey-t1.asp (693 words)

	Primary Sources: The fall of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, 1530
		The cardinal would also speak fair to the people to win their hearts, and always declared that he was unjustly and untruly commanded, which fair speaking made many men believe that he spoke the truth.
		When the cardinal was thus arrested the king sent Sir William Kingston Knight, captain of the guard and constable of the Tower of London with some of the yeomen of the guard to Sheffield, to fetch the cardinal to the Tower.
		When the cardinal saw the captain of the guard he was much astonished and shortly became ill, for he foresaw some great trouble, and for that reason men said he willingly took so much strong purgative that his constitution could not bear it.
	englishhistory.net /tudor/priwols1.html (883 words)

	Cardinal Wolsey
		Cardinal Thomas Wolsey was born in c1473 and died in November 1530.
		Wolsey received support at court from William Warham who was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1503 to 1532 and Chancellor from 1504 to 1515.
		Wolsey’s fall from grace was over his inability to persuade the pope that Henry should have a divorce from Catherine of Aragon.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /cardinal_wolsey.htm (792 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Thomas Cardinal Wolsey
		It was a bold policy for Wolsey, for, having incurred the jealousy of the nobility by his power, he had aroused the hostility of the people by financial exactions, and he provoked the enmity of all by the extravagant pomp with which he surrounded himself on all his public appearances.
		Wolsey did not wish Henry to marry Anne, but he was not averse to ridding himself of Katherine's adverse political influence, for her sympathy with her nephew the emperor caused her to dislike Wolsey's French policy.
		When the pope appointed Cardinal Campeggio to try the case in England with Wolsey, the English cardinal soon learnt that the matter was entirely in his colleague's hands.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/15685a.htm (2346 words)

	Thomas WOLSEY (Cardinal)
		Wolsey was present through Henry's successful campaign, and at the King's request the Pope named him Bishop of Tournay; but he never obtained possession and later on surrendered his claim to the bishopric for an annual pension.
		Wolsey did not wish Henry to marry Anne, but he was not averse to ridding himself of Catalina's adverse political influence, for her sympathy with her nephew the Emperor caused her to dislike Wolsey's French policy.
		Thomas Wynter may have held the manor of Saunderton in Buckinghamshire as a tenant at the Dissolution of the Abbeys in 1537.
	www.tudorplace.com.ar /Bios/ThomasWolsey(Cardinal).htm (4497 words)

	Thomas, Cardinal Wolsey biography
		Thomas Wolsey (or "Wulcy" as he called himself), was born between 1471 and 1474 in Ipswich, the son of a prosperous merchant.
		Wolsey's greatest contributions came as Master of the Rolls, in which post he initiated reforms which greatly eased the beaurocratic functioning of the court administration.
		Wolsey could now afford to indulge his love of pomp and lavish living; he maintained a huge household, and lived with a great show of expense.
	www.britainexpress.com /History/tudor/wolsey.htm (1059 words)

	Cardinal Wolsey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A man of "unbounded stomach," Thomas* Wolsey was a brilliant and ambitious butcher's son who rose to a position of almost unlimited power during the first twenty years of Henry VIII's reign.
		Wolsey organized the successful French campaign of 1513, the later peace agreement with Louis XII (1516), and the opulent meeting between Henry and Francis I on the Field of Cloth of Gold (1520).
		But Wolsey's success made him a target for satire*, and fortune's wheel eventually turned; his was a classic example of downfall and death.
	ise.uvic.ca /Library/SLT/history/wolsey.html (566 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of September 10, 1515
		King Henry asked Cardinal Wolsey to help him obtain the annulment and the cardinal recommended not to pursue such action; the king was determined and claimed that he doubted the validity of his marriage to the widow of his dead brother, Prince Arthur.
		Cardinal Wolsey, in his capacity of papal legate, formed a secret ecclesiastical court for May 17, 1527; the king testified having doubts about his marriage and asked for judgment; on May 31, the court declared that it was not qualified to decide such a delicate and difficult issue.
		Cardinal Wolsey, knowing the monarch's increasing displeasure with development of the "great matter" and his lack of confidence in him, tried by all means to make the pope revisit his decision.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/bios1515.htm (1822 words)

	Henry VIII and Cardinal Wolsey
		Wolsey ensured that this expedition was well equipped, and it won the Battle of Spurs and captured the French town of Tournai.
		Thomas Wolsey was the son of Ipswich butcher.
		Wolsey ruled the English church despotically, and in his own life embodied many of the vices (simony, nepotism and pluralism) to which both Christian humanists and Protestant reformers objected.
	history.wisc.edu /sommerville/361/361-06.htm (1221 words)

	Wolsey, Thomas articles on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Wolsey, Thomas WOLSEY, THOMAS [Wolsey, Thomas], 1473?-1530, English statesman and prelate, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
		Cromwell, Thomas, earl of Essex CROMWELL, THOMAS, EARL OF ESSEX [Cromwell, Thomas, earl of Essex] 1485?-1540, English statesman.
		He became secretary to Thomas (later Cardinal) Wolsey and later secured the favor of Henry VIII by a mission to Rome to further the king's plans for divorce from Katharine of Aragón.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printablenew/13973.html (470 words)

	Cardinal Thomas Wolsey
		Wolsey seems to have remained faithful to his wife and later to have given her in marriage as a father might - even fixing upon her a dowry - when she was wed publicly and formally to George Legh of Adlington, a wealthy landowner in the county of Cheshire.
		Wolsey was ordained a priest in 1498 and to 1506 he was appointed chaplain to King Henry VII, who used him in diplomacy and gave him valuable Church offices.
		Thomas concluded treaties with Francis I at Amiens in 1527 and conducted negotiations with Pope Clement VII for consent to Henry VIII's divorce from Queen Catherine in the same year.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~fmitchel/woolsey/cardinal.html (990 words)

	TWS - Cardinal Wolsey
		Wolsey refused to sanction the divorce between Henry and Catherine of Aragón, which led to England's break with Rome.
		Wolsey was born in Ipswich and educated at the University of Oxford.
		Before Cardinal Wolsey was removed from power, he planned to make his home town of Ipswich a seat of learning equal to both Oxford and Cambridge.
	www.thomaswolsey.com /cardinalwolsey.htm (196 words)

	BBC - History - Thomas Wolsey, Cardinal Archbishop of York 1515 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The son of an Ipswich butcher, in the early 1500s, Wolsey established himself as an indispensable administrator both for the crown and the English church.
		In 1514, Wolsey was created Archbishop of York and, a year later, he was made a cardinal by the Pope and Lord Chancellor by Henry VIII.
		Wolsey dominated Henrician court and patronage and took an active interest in judicial and financial review.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/timelines/britain/tud_wolsey.shtml (320 words)

	Thomas Cardinal Wolsey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thomas was son to Robert Wulcy of Ipswich (1438 - 1496) and Joan Daundy.
		However Wolsey was permitted to remain Archbishop of York Archbishop of York quick summary:
		George cavendish (1500-c.1562), english writer, the biographer of cardinal thomas cardinal wolseythomas wolsey, was the elder son of thomas cavendish,...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/th/thomas_cardinal_wolsey.htm (1848 words)

	Thomas Wolsey
		Thomas Wolsey: Bibliography - Bibliography The classic biography by G. Cavendish was first published in 1641.
		Thomas Wolsey: Chancellorship - Chancellorship From 1514 to 1529 Wolsey virtually controlled domestic and foreign policy for the...
		Thomas Wolsey: Early Career - Early Career Educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, Wolsey served for a while as master of the...
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0852623.html (157 words)

	[No title]
		Cardinal Sir, For holy offices I have a time; a time To think upon the part of business which I bear i'th'state; and nature does require Her times of preservation, which perforce I, her frail son, amongst my brethren mortal, Must give my tendance to.
		Re-enter to WOLSEY, the Dukes of NORFOLK and SUFFOLK, the Earl of SURREY, and the LORD CHAMBERLAIN.
		Cardinal That's somewhat sudden, But he's a learned man. May he continue Long in his highness' favour, and do justice For truth's sake, and his conscience; that his bones, When he has run his course and sleeps in blessings, May have a tomb of orphans' tears wept on him.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~goller/books/SHAKESPE/HENRY_8.NEW (16737 words)

	Cardinal Thomas Wolsey and the Church reformation of England
		Cardinal Thomas Wolsey and the Church reformation of England
		Wolsey, after thirty years' experience of public life, was as sanguine as a boy.
		She was educated in Paris, and in 1525 came back to England to be maid of honour to Queen Catherine and to be distinguished at the court by her talents, accomplishments and beauty.
	www.publicbookshelf.com /public_html/Outline_of_Great_Books_Volume_I/cardinalt_ie.html (1245 words)

	Malaspina Great Books - Thomas More (c. 1478)
		Sir Thomas More (Born in London February 7, 1478; executed at the Tower of London,; July 6, 1535) was Lord Chancellor of England under King Henry VIII and had a European reputation as a humanist author.
		Thomas Cardinal Wolsey, Archbishop of York,; failed to bring about the divorce and annulment Henry had sought, and was forced to resign in 1529.
		In matters political, however, he is nowise succeeded to Wolsey's position, and his tenure of the chancellorship is chiefly memorable for his unparallele success as a judge.
	www.malaspina.org /home.asp?topic=./search/details&lastpage=./search/results&ID=133 (4577 words)

	Primary Sources - Letter from Anne Boleyn to Cardinal Thomas Wolsey, 1529
		Anne now believed, and with good reason, that the Cardinal had never intended for her to be queen of England and had hoped the endless delays of the annulment would cool Henry's passion for her.
		Upon Wolsey's fall, his position was filled by his far less ostentatious and more cunning protégé, Thomas Cromwell.
		Though you are a man of great understanding, you cannot avoid being censured by every body for having drawn on yourself the hatred of a king who had raised you to the highest degree to which the greatest ambition of a man seeking his fortune can aspire.
	englishhistory.net /tudor/letter8.html (432 words)

	Thomas Culpeper: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thomas Culpeper (executed December 1541) was an young courtier in Henry VIII (Henry VIII: Son of Henry VII and King of England from 1509 to 1547; his divorce from Catherine of Aragon resulted in his break with the Catholic Church in 1534 and the start of the Reformation in England (1491-1547)) 's time.
		He was distantly related to the powerful Howard (Howard: Queen of England as the fifth wife of Henry VIII who was accused of adultery and executed (1520-1542)) clan, who were immensely powerful at the time.
		They were particularly powerful after the fall of Cardinal Wolsey (Cardinal Wolsey: thomas cardinal wolsey (c....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/thomas_culpeper (450 words)

	wolsey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Katharine of Aragon is speaking of Cardinal Wolsey.
		In the popular mind, Wolsey, as the executor of policy, was responsible for the imposition of heavy taxes to pay for wars.
		Wolsey also rose rapidly in the church, becoming bishop of Lincoln and archbishop of York in 1514, a cardinal in 1515, and a papal legate in 1518.
	www.d.umn.edu /~aroos/wolsey.html (864 words)

	Woolsey's Myths - Cardinal Thomas Wolsey
		Thomas Wolsey was a Cardinal of the Church.
		Anyway, Rev. Benjamin Wolsey (George 4, Wm3, Thomas 2, Cardinal Robert Wulcy) was b 1584 in Oxford Suffolk, England, and died 1624 in New York.
		Wolsey seems to have remained faithful to his wife and later to have given her in marriage as a father might - even fixing upon her a dowry - when she was wed publicly and formally to George Legh of Adlington, a wealthy land-owner in the county of Cheshire.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~woolsey/myths/cardinalwolsey.htm (1117 words)

	The demise of Thomas Cardinal Wolsey due to Anne Boleyn free essays
		The demise of Thomas Cardinal Wolsey due to Anne Boleyn
		Thomas Wolsey, despite his common background, was recognized from an early age as an intellectual thinker, with a brain for politics, and a mind full of ambition.
		Wolsey was educated at Magdalene College of Oxford, earning his B.A. in 1488, and his M.A. in 1497 (Williams 06).
	www.needfreeessays.com /viewpaper/2262.html (322 words)

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