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Topic: Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence

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	Duke of Clarence -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Duke of Clarence is a title which has been traditionally awarded to junior members of the English and British royal families.
		The title was again created in favor of Thomas of Lancaster, the second son of King (The first Lancastrian king of England from 1399 to 1413; deposed Richard II and suppressed rebellions (1367-1413)) Henry IV.
		The final creation ("Clarence and Avondale") was for Prince Albert Victor of Wales, the eldest son of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later King (King of England from 1901 to 1910; son of Victoria and Prince Albert; famous for his elegant sporting ways (1841-1910)) Edward VII).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/d/du/duke_of_clarence.htm (416 words)

	DUKES OF CLARENCE - LoveToKnow Article on DUKES OF CLARENCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The first duke of Clarence was Lionel of Antwerp (see below), third son of Edward III., who was created duke in 1362, and whose wife Elizabeth was a direct descendant of the Clares, the Honor of Clare being among the lands which she brought to her husband.
		GEORGE, duke of Clarence (1449-1478), younger son of Richard, duke of York, by his wife Cicely, daughter of Ralph Neville, 1st earl of Westmorland, was born iii Dublin on the 21st of October 1449.
		Two of the dukes children survived their father: Margaret, countess of Salisbury (1473-1541), and Edward, earl of Warwick (1475-1499), who passed the greater part of his life in prison and was beheaded in November,49g.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CL/CLARENCE_DUKES_OF.htm (1186 words)

	Duke of Clarence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The title was again created in favor of Thomas of Lancaster, the second son of King Henry IV.
		The final creation ("Clarence and Avondale") was for Prince Albert Victor of Wales, the eldest son of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII).
		Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence (1388-1421)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Duke_of_Clarence (427 words)

	LANCASTER - LoveToKnow Article on LANCASTER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		His second daughter, Blanche, became the wife of John of Gaunt, who thus succeeded to the dukes inheritance in her right; and on the 13th of November 1362, when King Edward attained the age of fifty, John was created duke of Lancaster, his elder.
		As Clarence was King Edwards third son, while John of Gaunt was his fourth, in ordinary course on the failure of the elder line the issue of Clarence should have taken precedence of that of Lancaster in the succession.
		The duke himself complained in parliament of the way he was spoken of out of doors, and at the outbreak of Wat Tylers insurrection the peasants stopped pilgrims on the road to Canterbury and made them swear never to accept a king of the name of John.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /L/LA/LANCASTER.htm (1919 words)

	List of the Knights of the Garter (1348-present)
		66 (inv 1380) Thomas (Plantagenet), styled "of Woodstock." Duke of Gloucester.
		96 (inv 1399) Humphrey (Plantagenet), styled "of Lancaster." Duke of Gloucester.
		Earl of Hereford, K.G. Married Thomas of Woodstock, Earl of Buckingham, K.G., afterwards Duke of Gloucester.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/orders/garterlist.htm (13903 words)

	Britannia Biographies: George (1449-1478), Duke of Clarence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The heir of the Lancasters, was then married to Warwick's younger daughter; but, in the settlement of the succession, his claims naturally preceded those of Clarence; and that vacillating young man consequently hastened to reconcile himself with his brother.
		Clarence seems to have been present on the Yorkist side at the final Battle of Tewkesbury and is believed to have there assisted his next brother, Richard, Duke of Gloucester (afterwards King Richard III), to murder Prince Edward of Lancaster.
		Clarence was present at Edward's futile campaign in France, in 1475, and, during the next three years, appears to have been steadily heaping up causes of complaint against himself, largely by his frequent interference with the ordinary processes of justice in the law-courts: an offence known as ‘maintenance'.
	www.britannia.com /bios/lords/geoclarence.html (414 words)

	LANCASTER, HOUSE OF - Online Information article about LANCASTER, HOUSE OF (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The duke of Lancaster then claimed the kingdom as due to himself by virtue of his descent from Henry III.
		John of Gaunt, = Blanche, duke of Lancaster, titular king daughter and heiress of Henry, of Castile.
		Henry V., = Catherine, Tho i as, John, Humphrey, Philippa, king of daughter of duke of duke of duke of m a r r i e d England.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /KRO_LAP/LANCASTER_HOUSE_OF.html (3068 words)

	Encyclopedia: Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence
		Thomas (of Lancaster), Duke of Clarence (before 1388 or 1389–; March 22, 1421) was the second son of King Henry IV and his first wife, Mary de Bohun.
		Events Beginning of prosecution of Lollards in England The Battle of Otterburn between England and Scotland Births Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury.
		A small French force surprises and defeats an English force under Thomas, Duke of Clarence, a brother of Henry V of England, in Normandy.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Thomas-of-Lancaster,-Duke-of-Clarence (409 words)

	Milborne Port \| British History Online
		Thomas died in 1795 and was followed by his son William Coles (cr.
		Another estate at Wick was held at her death in 1503 by Alice Clayton, widow of Giles Kendale, as of Toomer manor in Henstridge.
		There are eight bells, three of 1736 by Thomas Bilbie, two by A. and C. Mears of 1846, and the rest recast in the 20th century.
	www.british-history.ac.uk /report.asp?compid=18746 (13925 words)

	FAQs About the Family of Thomas Wickham (1624-1688) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Thomas Wickham (1624-1688) has had numerous accomplished descendants, many of whom were recognized as leaders in their field and respected public servants.
		Clarence Horace Wickham (1860-1945) - Clarence was a Connecticut industrialist and philanthropist.
		Another oft-touted theory is that Thomas was from the Yorkshire area since he may have settled in Connecticut as part of the company of the Reverend Ezekiel Rogers, which had its origins in the vicinity of Rowley, Yorkshire.
	www.geocities.com /joewickham/index.htm (5162 words)

	DUKE OF CLARENCE FACTS AND INFORMATION
		Prince Leopold, 1st Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence & Baron Arklow
		Prince Charles Edward, 2nd Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence & Baron Arklow, Duke of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha (1884-1954)British titles suspended 1919.
		Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (1864-1892)
	www.abait.com /Duke_of_Clarence (358 words)

	B L Additional 34801
		It should be noted that this seal specifically represents the arms of the Earl Marshal, a title granted by Edward II in 1316 to his half brother, Thomas Brotherton, whom he had made the first Duke of Norfolk in 1312.
		The arms of the Duke of Norfolk include the Norfolk seal, a gold lion rampant on red background, quartered with the arms of the Earl Marshal.
		Thomas Mowbray's relationship with Richard II is significant in that he is reputed to have killed Gloucester; he was exiled and reported to have visited the holy land and to have died of the plague in Venice in 1399.
	www.fiu.edu /~bakerj/RS/BLA34801.htm (4907 words)

	Britannia Biographies: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This prince, the fourth son of King Edward III and Queen Philippa, was born at Ghent (or Gaunt) in Flanders, in 1340.
		In 1359, at Reading Abbey (Berks), he married Blanche, the younger of the two daughters and co-heirs of Henry, Duke of Lancaster, and upon the death of his father-in-law, in 1361, he was advanced to that Dukedom.
		Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter, KG Joan Beaufort, married, firstly, to Sir Robert Ferrers of Worn and Oversley; and, secondly, to Ralph Neville, Earl of Westmorland.
	www.britannia.com /bios/royals/jgdklanc.html (780 words)

	Richard III Society-Online Library
		The conflict known as the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485) was a dynastic struggle for the English throne between the descendants of the sons of Edward III, the Duke of York and the Duke of Lancaster, all surnamed Plantagenet.
		This Richard Duke of York was descended in the direct male line from Edward III's fifth son Edmund Duke of York and through his mother, Anne Mortimer, in the direct female line from the third son Lionel Duke of Clarence.
		The vacillating Duke of Clarence accompanied his father-in-law to France to solidify the new alliance, probably hoping to oust Margaret's faction and become king instead of his brother Edward IV.
	www.r3.org /bookcase/vineyard.html (1965 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Thomas Netter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		At the conclusion of the council he, with William Clynt, doctor in Divinity, and two knights, was sent by the English king on an embassy to the King of Poland, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, and the Grand master of the Teutonic Knights.
		The object of the mission was to bring about a mutual understanding and prevent the failure of the papal army against the Hussites.
		It has been asserted that on this occasion Netter converted Vitort, Grand Duke of Lithuania, to Christianity, and was instrumental in his recognition as king and his subsequent coronation.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10764a.htm (687 words)

	To Prove a Villain -- The Real Richard III
		That Richard, Duke of Gloucester, drowned his brother George in a butt of malmsey wine is one of the most popular myths in English history.
		Few would now doubt that George Duke of Clarence was judicially executed by Edward IV for treason.
		With her sister Isabel married to George Duke of Clarence, she was co-heiress of one of the country's greatest landowners.
	www.r3.org /rnt1991/supposedcrimes.html (1518 words)

	richardii
		Other sons of Edward III (i.e., Richard II's uncles) include Thomas of Woodstock, the Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Buckingham; Lionel, Duke of Clarence; John of Gaunt, the Duke of Lancaster; and Edmund of Langley, the Duke of York.
		The Duke of Clarence also does not appear in Richard II; he has died many years prior to the time at which the play is set.
		Lancaster, for his part, is loyal; but he berates the king on his deathbed, and it is his son, Henry Bullingbrook, who eventually usurps the throne and becomes Henry IV.
	people.whitman.edu /~dipasqtm/richardii.htm (828 words)

	George Plantagenet, duke of Clarence -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		He was the younger son of Richard, duke of York (died 1460), whose struggle to gain power precipitated the Wars of the Roses (1455–85) between the houses of York and Lancaster.
		More results on "George Plantagenet, duke of Clarence" when you join.
		He became known as the “good Duke Humphrey,” but many historians, pointing to his unprincipled and inept political dealings, have questioned the appropriateness of the title.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9024187?tocId=9024187 (770 words)

	Langued'oil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Later, the French royal family generated a line of dukes, and when that became extinct, the title was revived a second time.
		Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, was a son of Richard I, Count of Rouen (often styled Duke of Normandy), and thus a member of the House which eventually conquered England - William the Conqueror was his grand-nephew.
		The district is well-known for its association with the Guise branch of the Ducal house of Lorraine - Dukes of Guise were, in the 16th century, among the most influential men in France and were the primary foes of the Huguenot movement in France.
	ellone-loire.net /obsidian/Languedoil.html (2903 words)

	The Wars of the Roses - Aftermath
		They were particularly suspicious of Richard, 3rd Duke of York because of his great wealth and good claim to throne.
		Warwick retaliated by plotting with George, Duke of Clarence and Henry VI 1470: a coup restored Henry VI to the throne (the "Readeption"), but not for long
		William's brother, Thomas Stanley (Earl of Derby) remained neutral until after Richard III had lost the battle and his life, at which point he took the crown and placed it on Henry VII's head.
	history.wisc.edu /sommerville/361/361-04.htm (878 words)

	The War of the Roses
		He is the son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, the fourth son of Edward III.
		Henry is the first Lancaster king, since he inherits the title "Duke of Lancaster" from his father, John of Gaunt.
		The Lancasters are represented by the symbol of the red rose.
	www.english.uga.edu /~cdesmet/rosewar.htm (1362 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		On the same day (3 Sept. 1417), Thomas of Lancaster issued another decree that determined the relative precedence of the heralds and the sergeants at arms.
		Wagner refers to the date as 13 Sept., but the text in and as printed by Austis and Guillim is dated "le troisiesme Jour." Furthermore, the decree is dated at the siege before the city of Caen, and this was ended on 5 Sept.
		Thomas Deacon, Surveyor of the Works at Calais, account of various sources of income and expenditure.
	www.shef.ac.uk /hri/bl/mss/fau5.htm (993 words)

	Wakes Colne: Introduction \| British History Online
		She died in 1440 and was succeeded by her son John Beaufort, earl and later duke of Somerset (d.
		Thomas Wake had a house in Wakes Colne by 1348, presumably, like its 16th-century successor, on the north bank of the Colne.
		By 1403 the hall, chapel, and several other rooms were being used as barns, and glass had been removed from windows, including those of the oratory near the great chamber.
	www.british-history.ac.uk /report.asp?compid=15194 (4305 words)

	(John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford, PLANTAGENET - William V * 7th Earl of Warren PLANTAGENET ) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Thomas PLANTAGENET (Earl of Norfolk) (1 Jun 1300 - ____)
		Thomas of Clarence, Duke of Clarence, PLANTAGENET (29 Sep 1388 - ____)
		Thomas of Woodstock PLANTAGENET (1st Duke of Gloucester) (7 Jan 1354 - 1397)
	www.afn.org /~lawson/index/ind0511.html (235 words)

	Index of Contents & Internal References for
		BOLEYN (Bullen), Thomas, Viscount Rochford, Earl of Wiltshire and 49
		HOLLAND, Thomas, Duke of Surrey and the third Earl of Kent 273-274
		TUDOR, Jasper, Earl of Pembroke and Duke of Bedford 511-512
	www.cofc.edu /~speccoll/shakespearebiographicaldictionary.htm (662 words)

	Duke of Clarence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Thomas of Lancaster[?], 2nd son of King IV of England">Henry IV (1388-1421)
		IV of the United Kingdom">Prince William of Great Britain and Ireland, third son of King III of the United Kingdom">George III, ascended throne in 1830 as King William IV.
		Dukedom of Clarence and Avondale (Peerage of the United Kingdom, 1890)
	www.city-search.org /du/duke-of-clarence.html (519 words)

	Family Tree for Shakespeare's History Plays (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Before this time is over, John of Gaunt dies which should make Henry the new Duke of Lancaster upon his return, but Richard II takes the Lancaster land and wealth for himself.
		Since Richard II died without any children, the legal line of succession should have gone to Lionel, the Duke of Clarence, who was the second son of Edward III.
		Since he has no children, the title of Duke of York goes to Richard of Cambridge's son, Richard, whose mother is the great-grandaughter of Lionel, the Duke of Clarence.
	www.geocities.com /Broadway/1906/shakhist.html (1266 words)

	Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs to 1516: Lancashire
		On 1 Feb 1390, K Edw I’s charter was confirmed by K Ric II to Thomas Flemyng, kn, and Alice daughter of William de la Lee, kn, heirs of William de la Mare (CPR, 1388–92, p.
		On 28 Jun 1467, K Edw I’s charter was confirmed by K Edw IV to Thomas Assheton and William Flemyng, heirs of Thomas Flemyng and Alice, daughter of William de la Lee (CPR, 1466–77, pp.
		On 20 Oct 1255, K Hen III granted William le Botyller a fair on vfm Trans of Thomas the martyr, to be held at the manor (CChR, 1226–57, p.
	www.history.ac.uk /cmh/gaz/lancs.html (5855 words)

	TimeRef - History Timelines - Medieval People Starting With T (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Son of Edmund Earl of Lancaster and cousin of Edward II king of England, Thomas became one of the most powerful Lords of the time.
		As one of the leaders of the Lord Ordainers he attempted to limit the powers of the King and to remove Gaveston the King's favourite.
		Thomas was captured and executed as a traitor.
	www.btinternet.com /~timeref/hprt.htm (1301 words)

	[No title]
		He was also created Earl of Lancaster and Lord of Beaufort and Nogent around this time, also in right of his first wife.
		She was the widow of Sir Hugh Swynford of Coleby and Kettlethorpe, Lincolnshire (1340-1372), by whom she had issue: 1) Sir Thomas Swynford (1368/72-1432); he married first Jane Crophill, and had issue; and second Margaret (d.1454), daughter of Sir Henry Grey, and had issue.
		was the son of Frederick IV Habsburg, Duke of Austria.
	www.geocities.com /tudorgenealogist/Beaufort.html (5890 words)

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